British Museum What is the name of the British Museum?

1, Introduction to the British Museum 2, Top Ten Collections of the British Museum 3, Top Five Museums in the World 4, Which country is the British Museum 5, Where is the largest museum in the world 6, Introduction to the British Museum The British Museum was founded in 1753 and opened to the public in 1759.

There are eight thick and tall Roman columns on both sides of the main entrance of the museum. The top of each pillar is the top of a triangle with a huge relief carved on it.

The whole building is magnificent.

The existing building was built in the middle of19th century. * * has more than 100 exhibition halls, covering an area of 670,000 square meters, and * * * has more than 4 million exhibits.

British Museum includes Egyptian Museum, Greek and Roman Museum, Western Asia Museum, European Medieval Museum and Oriental Art Museum.

Among them, the Egyptian Cultural Relics Museum, the Greek and Roman Cultural Relics Museum and the Oriental Art Cultural Relics Collection are the most striking.

The existing building was built in the middle of19th century. * * There are more than 100 exhibition halls, covering an area of 670,000 square meters, and * * * exhibits exceed 4 million pieces.

The richness and variety of collections are rare in museums all over the world.

It is famous for its collection of ancient Roman relics, ancient Greek statues and Egyptian mummies.

In addition to enjoying the exhibits, visitors can also appreciate the outstanding performance of the British in museum design.

history

The origin of the Egyptian Pavilion of the British Museum can be traced back to 1753.

Sir Hans hans sloane was a famous collector at that time. After his death in 1753, he left behind 79,575 personal collections and a large number of plant specimens, books and manuscripts.

According to his will, all the collections were donated to the country.

These collections were finally handed over to the British Parliament.

After raising funds for the Architectural Museum through public fundraising, the British Museum was finally established and opened to the public in montague Tower near the center of London, with the time of June1759+1October 15.

After the opening of the museum, a large number of precious collections were acquired through British adventures in various places. The early British Museum tended to collect natural history specimens, but there were also a large number of cultural relics and books, which attracted a large number of visitors.

By the beginning of19th century, the ancient buildings in Monta became insufficient.

So in 1824, the museum decided to build a new museum in the north of Monta Gu Lou, which was completed in 1840s, and the old Monta Gu Lou was demolished soon.

Shortly after the new building was built, a circular reading room opened to the public was built in the yard.

Due to the limitation of space, the British Museum separated natural history specimens from archaeological relics at 1880, and the British Museum specializes in collecting archaeological relics.

1973, the museum was divided again, and books, manuscripts and other contents were separated to form the new British Library.

The top ten collections in the British Museum are 1. Treasure of City Hall-Egyptian mummy 2. Paintings on papyrus-The Book of Yani. 3. Three-character imperial edict-Rosetta Monument. 4. Surviving robbery-jewelry glassware in Roman times. 5. The oldest citizen in Britain-Lindau 6. China Ceramics-China Porcelain. Lost.

Yani's book of death, BC 1300 ~ BC 1200. This is a picture painted on papyrus 3200 years ago. Yani is a real person. He belongs to the 19 dynasty of the new kingdom.

As a funerary object, this painting was placed in Yani's tomb, with a total length of 24 meters and 60 chapters, depicting the mantras and conventions needed by the deceased to obtain eternal life in the afterlife. Frith Banshi, a collector, was found in an ancient tomb on the west bank of the middle reaches of the Nile River in 1887. It is the best preserved and the most outstanding among many books of the dead recorded on papyrus. It is the ultimate work in ancient Egyptian art and a clear expression of the ancient Egyptians' view of life and death.

The rose stone in Hall 4 is a treasure of the British Museum. The stone tablet was made in BC 196, and it was engraved with the imperial edict of Ptolemy V, King of Egypt at that time. The imperial edict was written in three languages: ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs, Egyptian cursive scripts and ancient Greek. After comparing the contents of various language versions, modern archaeologists have the opportunity to interpret the meaning and structure of Egyptian hieroglyphs that have been lost for more than 1000 years.

The British National Museum (commonly known as the British Museum) has been open to the public since 1759. The British Museum, the French Louvre, the Russian Elmy Tashi Museum and the American Metropolitan Museum are called the four major museums in the world.

The five major museums in the world The five major museums in the world: Louvre, British Museum, Tashi Museum in Elmy, Russian Federation, Metropolitan Museum of America and Beijing Palace Museum.

Louvre, France 1

Louvre Museum (French: Du E Louvre Museum) was built in 1204. It was originally a palace in France, where 50 French kings and queens lived. It is one of the most precious buildings in the French Renaissance and is famous for its rich collection of classical paintings and sculptures.

Its art collection is rich in variety and high in taste, making it world-class.

Among them, the most important three treasures of the town palace are well known to the world: Venus, the Mona Lisa of Leonardo da Vinci and the goddess of victory of Samotra.

Other famous works include The Shower in Di Anna, The Clown Actor, The Coronation of Napoleon I, The God of Freedom Directs the People, The Girl with Ribbon, etc.

2. British Museum

The British Museum, also known as the British Museum, is located in Russell Square, north of New Oxford Street in London, England.

The museum was established in 1753 and officially opened to the public on 1759 65438+ 10/5. It is the oldest and most magnificent comprehensive museum in the world, and it is also one of the four largest and most famous museums in the world.

The museum collects many cultural relics and treasures from all over the world, as well as manuscripts of many great scientists. The richness and diversity of collections are rare in museums all over the world.

The British Museum has more than 8 million collections.

Due to space constraints, 99% of the collections are not on public display.

3. Tashi Museum in Elmy

The museum was originally the private residence of Queen Catherine II.

1764, Catherine II bought 250 paintings by Rembrandt and Rubens from Berlin and stored them in the newly-built wing "El Mittag" in the Winter Palace (the name comes from the ancient French hermit, which means "hidden palace").

The museum was designed and named after the French architect Jean-batiste Valin de Ramos Jean-Baptiste Valin de Ramos, covering an area of about 90,000 square meters.

4. Metropolitan Museum of Art

The Metropolitan Museum of Art is the largest art museum in the United States and a world-famous museum.

Located on Fifth Avenue, 82nd Street is far from the famous American Museum of Natural History and new york Hayden Planetarium. The former (referring to the American Museum of Natural History) mainly reviews the history of other animals in nature to satisfy the curiosity of human beings to explore the unknown world, that is, outer space, while the latter (referring to the Metropolitan Museum) reviews the development of human civilization.

5. Beijing Palace Museum

The Palace Museum in Beijing was established in June 1925+ 10/0, located in the Forbidden City in Beijing.

It is a comprehensive museum in China established on the basis of the imperial palaces and their collections in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and it is also the largest museum of ancient culture and art in China. Its cultural relics collection mainly comes from the old collection of the Qing Dynasty Palace, and it is the first batch of national patriotic education demonstration bases.

Baidu encyclopedia-Louvre museum

Baidu encyclopedia-British museum

Baidu Encyclopedia-Elmy Tashi Museum

The British Museum, also known as the British Museum, is from which country?

Russell Square, located in the north of New Oxford Street in London, England, was built in 1753 and officially opened to the public from 1759 65438+ 10/5. It is the oldest and most magnificent comprehensive museum in the world, and it is also one of the four largest and most famous museums in the world. The museum collects many cultural relics and treasures from all over the world, as well as manuscripts of many great scientists. The richness and diversity of collections are rare in museums all over the world. The British National Museum has more than 8 million collections. Due to the limitation of space, there are still a large number of collections that are not on public display.

From March 18, 2020, the British Museum began to close due to the COVID-19 epidemic; On August 27th, the museum reopened to the public. According to the arrangement, the opening hours of the British Museum are from 10 to 15 from August 27th to 28th, and will be extended to 17 from August 29th.

British Museum Many people who have never been to Britain have heard of the famous British Museum.

So, before I came to Cambridge, I planned to have a good look. Finally, on a Sunday, I put this plan into practice.

It is true that the British Museum is too famous, but its reputation does not come out of thin air, but is closely related to its extremely rich collection.

According to reports, it currently has nearly 6 million collections, including countless rare treasures.

Because there are too many collections, the exhibition is always changing. Visitors, especially those who go occasionally, can only see 90 Niu Yi hairs.

But even these nine Niu Yi hairs, which took a whole day, are still as busy as a bee.

Even if you don't look at the specific exhibits, it won't be easy to read the books published by the British Museum about its collection. Those books filled a hall, so they were naturally expensive.

However, in any case, since you can't come often, or even only once in the near future, spend the whole day and try to visit it seriously and in a planned way.

But what is recorded is still very selective, and it is impossible to cover everything.

By 2003, the British Museum will celebrate its 250th anniversary, so it has a very long history.

However, it is really developing. For example, the British Library and the British Museum are located in the same place. It was not until 1998 that the British Library moved to a new location, leaving only the original large reading room in the museum center.

So after entering the door, naturally, people entered this magnificent reading hall.

I'm afraid many people in China are familiar with Marx's stories, one of which is very famous. In other words, Marx wrote Das Kapital in the British Library, and he sat in a fixed seat. Several years have passed, and there are grinding footprints under the table.

Walking into this library, you will naturally have the background of this story in your mind.

According to the introduction of the museum, in this reading room, 150 years, countless scholars, revolutionaries, writers, poets, musicians, students and scribes have come to the largest library in the world.

In a circle of commentary boards, there are indeed signs introducing Marx.

This sign called "Reading Room and Revolution" reads:

This reading room and the buildings in front of it provide refuge and spiritual source for many political exiles and students.

The deep-rooted political system in this reading room is capitalism.

Karl Marx came here every day for nearly 30 years.

1June, 850, Marx was first accepted by the old reading room.

Since 1857, he has been engaged in many projects including Das Kapital.

Probably, he uses seats in rows L, M, N, O and P, which are not far from the reference books he needs.

When I talked with the staff there, asked about the introduction of this signboard and told the story circulating in China, one staff member seriously replied that the story we often heard should be a "myth" legend, and Marx was not sitting in a fixed seat.

However, the staff member added: I'll tell you a story. Gorbachev of the Soviet Union asked the same question when he visited here a year ago. For understandable reasons, they had to tell Gorbachev that Marx was sitting in a row because there was a seat next to the reference book.

As a result, Gorbachev was very happy after listening.

However, the staff member added that Marx should have sat in that position at least once in those years, so their answer to Gorbachev's words was not completely deceptive.

In the traditional research theory of the history of science, there are discussions about the so-called "legends" and "myths" in the biographies of scientists.

In fact, "legend" and "myth" are very common in everyday speech.

However, as far as the seriousness of history is concerned, it is also very important to dispel some myths, although this may be at the expense of reducing the attractiveness and excitement of biographical stories.

(Figure, Marx said the winning number, reading room photo)

After reading the reading room, it is natural to visit the exhibition room. The British Museum has about 100 exhibition rooms. Look at them one by one and describe them one by one. It's too complicated and impossible.

The only thing we can do is to have a cursory look at the collections of prehistoric England and Rome, African exhibitions, ancient Mu Naiyin exhibitions, Mayan collections and so on. In addition, the sphinx of the Assyrian Pavilion and a large number of Parthenon sculptures in ancient Athens really make people feel that they are in different time and space.

But in my impression, I like its collections about ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and ancient Greece best. Those collections are really few.

A few years ago, I went to Berlin, Germany for a meeting. At that time, I also went to a museum about ancient Greece and other collections, which left a deep impression. However, compared with the British Museum, the ancient collections are much richer and more fascinating.

Besides free visits, the British Museum has another advantage: it allows tourists to take pictures, which is rare in many museums.

Because I just equipped a digital camera, I took nearly 200 pictures in one breath.

Among them, physical pictures such as ancient cursive script, blackboard script and Neolithic stone tools from tens of thousands of years ago will be displayed in the future history of science class, which will greatly increase the teaching effect.

In the British Museum, the collection of China's ancient cultural relics is also very unique, which is said to be the richest collection in Europe.

Together with the collections of India and Thailand, these treasures are exhibited in a large exhibition room dedicated to East Asia and Southeast Asia. Of course, China has the largest collection.

What is particularly unique is that under the theme of "Trade with the outside world", there is a special exhibition area (with pictures) on ancient science and technology in China, which seems unique among the exhibition areas of the British Museum.

However, it is worth noting that in the introduction of the text, only the "three great inventions" of ancient China, namely the inventions of printing, compass and gunpowder, are highlighted.

The original introduction first quotes a sentence from Bacon in New Tools: "Printing, gunpowder and magnets."

The first invention was in literature, the second in war and the third in navigation. These three great inventions have changed the whole face and state of affairs of the whole world and brought countless changes. "

In the following detailed introduction, besides the "three great inventions", the role of rice cultivation in the rapid population growth and the increase of national wealth in China is also mentioned. The early invention of cast iron enabled farmers in China to use iron more than 2,000 years earlier than in Europe. The high-temperature kiln firing technology made the development of porcelain possible. The production of silk in China depended on highly organized labor and the invention of looms.

From this point of view, they are not used to including papermaking as we in China, and they are collectively called the "four great inventions" in ancient China.

I don't know much about the general views of foreign academic circles in this regard, but at least in the view of the British Museum, papermaking is excluded.

Perhaps this at least reflects the appearance of some countries.

I think, if papermaking was really invented by China people first, and if we really want to convince others to become internationally recognized "four great inventions", then researchers in the history of science in China need to produce more powerful evidence and research results.

Otherwise, we have to be proud of ourselves behind closed doors.

Where is the largest museum in the world? 1, British Museum. British Museum The British Museum, also known as the British Museum, is the national museum of Britain, located in the Great Russell Square of the British Museum north of New Oxford Street in London, England. The core building of the British Museum covers an area of about 56,000 square meters.

2. Louvre Museum. Located on the north bank of the Seine River in the center of Paris, France, the Louvre is one of the oldest, largest and most famous museums in the world. Founded in 1204, it has reached today's scale after more than 800 years of expansion and reconstruction. The Louvre covers an area of about 45 hectares (including lawns) and the building covers an area of 4.8 hectares. The whole building is U-shaped and is divided into old and new parts.

3. Russian Museum. Elmy Tashi Museum, with a total exhibition length of 30 kilometers, is known as the longest art museum in the world. It takes more than 4 hours to complete the race at normal speed. If you stay in front of each exhibit for 1 minute, it will take 1 1 year if it is calculated as 8 hours per day.

4. new york Museum. The largest museum in the western hemisphere. Although the Metropolitan Museum of New York occupies less than 8 hectares, only19 of the Forbidden City in Beijing, its exhibition area is very large, 24 hectares more than that of the British Museum, but twice that of the Forbidden City. Tens of thousands of exhibits exhibited all the year round are just the tip of the iceberg of the museum's total inventory, and the number of all exhibits in the Metropolitan Museum has reached 3.3 million.

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