Harmony of Lake and Autumn Moon —— Appreciating the Moon with Ancient Poems (Ⅱ)

Lake light, autumn moon and two-phase harmony

-Appreciation of Ancient Poems on the Moon (Part Two)

? Wang chuanxue

The autumn moon is pure and beautiful, and in its brilliance, great rivers and mountains present intoxicating and soft scenery.

The Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei's Autumn Night in the Mountain depicts a beautiful picture under the autumn moon.

The empty mountains are bathed in a new rain, and feel the early autumn at night.

The bright moon shed clear light from the cracks and cleared the fountain on the rocks.

The bamboo forest is sonorous, the washerwoman returns, and the lotus leaves are swaying to get on the canoe.

My friend's prince, when you are here, please thank you heartily in the spring. .

This poem was written by the poet when he lived in seclusion in Wangchuan Villa, Zhong Nanshan. It describes the charming scenery and intoxicating mood of Qiushan at dusk after the rain. The realm of poetry is clear and transparent, exquisitely carved, like autumn water, full of rich flavor of life. Poetry is endowed with noble feelings and persistent pursuit of ideal life in poetic images.

"There is moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream", this couplet focuses on a small point, with meticulous description, dynamic and static combination, light and color reflecting, creating an elegant, refined, beautiful and ethereal charming world. The bright moon is in the sky, and everything shines; Pine and cypress are covered, graceful and pure; Pine leaves are like needles, green and dripping; The water droplets are small and shiny; The shadows of the trees are mottled, and the moonlight is bright, and the stars are scattered everywhere, like fine silver wires covering the mountains, giving people a dreamy and ecstatic feeling. Writing moonlight with the word "Zhao" has the characteristics of both light and color, realistic realm, moonlight shining on pine forest, reflection, swaying and trance; It also guides readers to pay attention to the tranquility, brightness and ethereality of the empty mountain pine forest bathed in moonlight.

The moonlight on the water has a unique charm. Among many poems describing the beauty of the moonlit night, many describe lakes and moonlight. Such as the Tang Dynasty poet Liu Yuxi's "Crossing the Dongting":

The lake and the moon are in harmony.

There is no wind on the pool surface, and the mirror is not polished.

Looking at the scenery of Dongting,

Green snail in a silver plate.

This is a landscape poem written by the poet overlooking Dongting Lake, which is clear and meaningful. ?

Dongting Lake under the autumn moon is clear and empty. It is an ethereal, ethereal, quiet and harmonious realm, just like Qiongtian met. This is the poetry contained in the sentence "the lake and the moon are in harmony". The word "harmony" has been refined, showing a harmonious picture of water and sky, jade and dust-free, and it seems to convey to readers the rhythm of a water town night-the rhythm of moonlight rippling and lake huffing and puffing. Next, the lake is described as calm and misty, like an unpolished bronze mirror. The word "the mirror is not polished" vividly and aptly shows the calm and gentle scene of Baili Dongting, which has a hazy beauty in the moonlight. "There is no wind on the surface of the pool, and the mirror is not polished", which complements the poem "moonlight on the lake" with vivid metaphors. Because only "there is no wind on the pool surface", the water waves are calm, and the lake and the moon can be coordinated.

Then the poet's eyes focused on Junshan from the vast Pinghu. In Yin Hui under the bright moon, Dongting Mountain is greener, Dongting water is clearer and the mountains and rivers are integrated. It looks like a small green snail in a carved silver plate, which is very attractive. Three or four sentences are rich in imagination, appropriate in metaphor, elegant in color, and the silver plate and the green snail complement each other. The autumn moon Dongting landscape described by the poet has become a fine treasure of arts and crafts, giving people great artistic enjoyment. "Green snail in a silver plate" is really an incredible punch line. But its superiority is not only manifested in the cleverness of the police, but also in its magnanimity and its lofty and wonderful feelings. In the poet's eyes, Baili Dongting is just a mirror in the dressing room and a cup and plate on the case. It is very rare to lift weights lightly, be indifferent and natural, and be neither arrogant nor impetuous. It is a reflection of the poet's character, sentiment and aesthetic taste to express the relationship between man and nature so cordially and to describe the lakes, mountains and mountains so broadly and clearly.

Hangzhou West Lake has beautiful scenery and is called "Autumn Moon in Pinghu", which is one of the ten scenic spots of the West Lake. NaHo, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem "Autumn Moon in Pinghu", praising the beautiful scenery that the lake is as level as a mirror, and the moonlight and the lake complement each other:

The moonlight is cold, and the cold spring does not flow.

Where is the eulogy?

In the west wind of Polygonum hydropiper,

The lake is full of light and autumn.

"Autumn Moon in Pinghu" scenic spot is located at the western end of Bai Causeway, at the southern foot of Gushan Mountain and by the West Lake. By the lake, going upstairs to see the autumn moon, feeling the vastness of the West Lake in tranquility and washing her restless state of mind are her charms. Whenever the air is crisp in autumn. The lake is as calm as a mirror, the clean autumn moon is in the sky, and the moonlight and the lake complement each other, which is quite a sense of "one lake with one color full of autumn".

The Mid-Autumn Festival from January to September is particularly bright. At midnight of Mid-Autumn Festival, the bright moon is so perfect, so bright and so shocking that you can't bear to miss it, but you can enjoy it safely. This kind of beauty, like colorful clouds and fragile glass, is only short-lived. At the moment of its arrival, it is particularly bright and nourishes people's souls.

Xu Ning, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Looking at the Moon on August 15th":

In August, the autumn is crisp and the moon is full.

Chang 'e corrected cassia twig fresh.

? A year is like this night,

Sleepless before the Twelve Peaks.

The poem means that there is a bright moon hanging high in the night sky of Mid-Autumn Festival, and the fairy Chang 'e is sitting under the bright osmanthus tree. No day in a year can enjoy the moon in front of the Twelve Peaks all night like tonight. The poet combined imagination with reality and wrote about his joy in enjoying the beautiful moonlight in the Mid-Autumn Festival.

Look at Liu Yuxi's Playing with the Moon on August 15th.

Tonight the sky will wash the world again.

Go to Qiu Lai in summer.

The stars are shining and the breeze is bright.

What can change the human world is Yujing in You Ran.

The meaning of the poem is: Tonight God washes the whole world bright and fresh with moonlight like water. The summer heat subsided, nine days were pure, the autumn was crisp and everything was clear. The stars add color to the bright moon, and the golden wind blows cold dew, crystal clear. Things are unpredictable, and the moon palace is long and eternal. The poet vividly described the clarity of the mid-autumn moon night, which made people feel as if they were in a crystal clear moon palace.

Zhang Xiaoxiang, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, praised the mid-autumn moon in Dongting Lake;

Dongting grass, near the Mid-Autumn Festival, is even less charming. Jade Sword Qiongtian covers 30,000 hectares and gives me a boat. The 30,000-tilting lake carries me a boat, a boat. The bright moon and the bright galaxy reflect their posture in this vast jade scene, and the water surface is bright and clear. ?

? ("Nian Nu Jiao Guo Dong Ting" Part I)

Zhang Xiaoxiang worked as a magistrate in Lingnan for a year, but was angered by slanderous remarks and was banished to the north, passing through Dongting Lake, which coincided with the Mid-Autumn Festival. The first film of this word is about the scenery of Dongting Lake under the moon, which highlights its clarity. "Dongting grass, near the Mid-Autumn Festival, is even less charming." Grass is another lake connected with Dongting. These lines of scenery, crisp in autumn and clear in jade, are the overall impression of Dongting. "There is no wind at all" means that there is no cloud in the Wan Li of Dongting Lake, and the water waves are stagnant. It is fascinating to read coldly and faintly. "Jade Sword Qiongtian covers 30,000 hectares, holding a leaf in my boat" and "Jade Sword Qiongtian" describe the clear lake. "30,000 hectares" shows the vastness of the lake. On the 30,000-hectare lake, I placed my boat with a leaf, which was quite natural and completely used by me, effectively setting off the poet's heroism. "The moon is bright and the moon is bright, and the Ming River is in the same shadow, both inside and outside." These three sentences say that the water and sky reflect a crystal clear. "Suyue Pink Glow" means that the moon shines on the lake and the reflection on the lake is very bright. A good pixel moon adds some luster to the lake. "The shadow of the Ming River" means that the galaxies in the sky are projected into the lake, which is very clear, and the upper and lower galaxies are equally bright. These two sentences, "The moon shines in the sky and the river shines in the sky", are all written in darkness, showing a bright situation from top to bottom, as if it were a glass world. So the next sentence is "clear inside and outside", which is the main idea of the whole word. After all, where is the beauty of Dongting in autumn? The poet pointed out in this sentence that beauty lies in "brightness". The beauty here is both internal and external, clean and transparent, and it is the highest realm. The word "both inside and outside are clear" describes everything around. From the sky to the lake, Dongting Lake is transparent from top to bottom without any pollution. Isn't it the poet's heart? At this moment, the moon and the Milky Way complement each other, reflecting the magnanimity of the people and being clear inside and outside. This tacit joy, "carefree heart, beautiful beyond words." A person's demotion coincides with the Mid-Autumn Festival. There is no wailing, no lamentation, only the joy of unity with heaven and earth, only the leisurely understanding of the bright moon. It's so beautiful that it's hard to express it in words.

On the Mid-Autumn Festival by Zhang, a Prose Composer in Yuan Dynasty;

Who grinds the flying mirror? According to Che Gankun, mountains and rivers are printed. Jade dew flows, and the autumn sky has no waves, which is clearer than the usual night, and does not hinder the swaying of Guiying. Lao Tzu sang and asked Chang 'e, how about not getting drunk on a good night?

This Sanqu expresses the intoxication of a Mid-Autumn Festival night, so the author focuses on the clarity of the moonlight, and creates an unusually quiet ambience through repeated rendering of the clear moonlight.

The first three sentences, poured in, rose strangely. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the moon is particularly perfect and clear, giving people a sense of freshness. Compared with "flying mirror", people have an association that suddenly flies from nowhere and hangs in the sky. The question of "who grinds" has created an unparalleled situation of moonlight. It is precisely because the moon is surprisingly bright that the author was surprised to ask. The following two sentences turn to the specific description of moonlight, but the author does not describe it positively, but uses the method of side contrast to express the brightness of moonlight. Heaven and earth, mountains and rivers, and Yuan Ye are all as bright as day. The words "Tou" and "Tou" vividly show the degree of moonlight shining. The sentence of "high curative value" ... "No Wave" is written from the other side, but it is more ethereal than the first three sentences. From the perspective of Yulu, the author wrote that Yulu washed the autumn sky without waves. The moist autumn dew is a unique product reflected by the bright moon. "Dancing is better than usual ..." In two sentences, writing Qiu Guang is like washing, and the moonlight is clearer than usual. Even so, it does not prevent the laurel tree from showing its graceful posture in the middle of the month. This is a summary of the above, and it is also described from the bright moon itself. There used to be a poem saying that "in the middle of the month, the light should be clear" (Du Fu's "One Hundred and Fifty Days and Nights on the Moon"). But here, the clear image of "the shadow of laurel is dancing" is used to contrast the clarity of moonlight. Through multi-faceted and multi-level repeated rendering, a round of bright moon like water, quiet and quiet atmosphere is set off. Faced with this situation, the author can't help feeling from it. He sang loudly and asked Chang 'e in the middle of the month: How can you get drunk without drinking on this beautiful and quiet moonlit night?

Similarly, the Mid-Autumn Moon by Li Qiao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, is also unique:

Round and cold, all the words are the same.

Know that thousands of miles away, there is no rain and no wind?

The meaning of the whole poem is: the bright Mid-Autumn full moon rises into the sky, and everyone says that the weather is fine and the moonlight shines on the world. How did you know this would happen thousands of miles away? Maybe it's windy and rainy there!

The poet questioned a customary view since ancient times. In ancient times, people thought that the Mid-Autumn Festival was the same whether it was cloudy or sunny, whether it was in the world or in Wan Li. But the poet thinks it's sunny here and knows that it won't rain or wind thousands of miles away. This view of the poet is completely in line with modern natural science. It is common for a place to be sunny. It is raining dozens or hundreds of miles away, and the Mid-Autumn Festival is no exception. The novel conception of poetry gives people a refreshing feeling.