Shahe river system composition

Shahe River, located in the southeast of Henan Province, is the main tributary of Heying River, the tributary of Huaihe River and the tributary of Yangtze River, so it is named after the sediment accumulation in the riverbed. In ancient times, it was called Mengshui and Mangshui, also called Mengchuan. Shahe was originally a tributary of Gurushui River. In the first year of Yuan Dynasty (AD 1335), Rushui was cut off by flood and Wuyang, and the upper section and tributaries Meng and Li diverted into the river. From then on, it is divided into two Ruhe rivers, south and north, which flow into Shahe River and Red River respectively.

Shahe originates from Mudaling of Funiu Mountain in Lushan County, Henan Province, and flows through Pingdingshan City, Yexian County, Wuyang County, Yancheng County, Luohe City, Xihua County and Shangshui County to the west of Zhoukou City, where it joins He Ying. The river is 322 kilometers long and the drainage area is 12580 square kilometers.

These include:

The main stream of Shahe River once flowed through Mengyang and Cao Zhen in Baofeng County, with a length of 1km and a width of 1 1,000m and a drainage area of 365 square kilometers. Shahe Jicun Ferry used to be adjacent to Tong Jie Avenue, and its "Late Crossing of Shahe River" landscape is one of the "Eight Scenes" in Baofeng. 197 1 year and 1984, with the change of administrative divisions, Xuezhuang and Cao Zhen were separated from the border area, and the river section was also included in Pingdingshan City.

Within the territory of Yexian County, the main stream of Shahe River enters Yexian County from the suburb of Pingdingshan City to the east of Maozhuang Village in Rendian Township, and flows through six townships of Rendian, Chengguan, Zunhuadian, Gongdian, Dengli and Hongzhuangyang, and Wuyang County to the east of Zhang Xu Village in Hongzhuangyang Township. The total length of Yexian County is 55.6 kilometers, and the drainage area is about 180 square kilometers.

In Wuyang County, enter Wanhe Village, Zhanghua Township, and join Beiru River in Chahe Village. It flows through the county seat for 30 kilometers and leaves the country at Xiao Zhao Village, Guaiziwang Township. The basin above Mawan covers an area of 9,669 square kilometers. The riverbed is about 300 meters wide, ensuring flood control flow of 2850 cubic meters per second and low water flow of 6 cubic meters per second. According to the investigation of Xiatang Hydrological Station, the peak flow is18511s, Baiguishan Hydrological Station 1884 and Luohe Hydrological Station 19365438. The safe flow of the river below Luohe River is 3000m3/s. ..

The Shahe River in Yexian County has large sediment concentration, slow and steady flow rate, tortuous river course, wide floodplain, riverbed width of 200-400 meters and river bank cutting depth of 4-7 meters. There are complete dikes in the county. The dike works on both sides of the river are about 82 kilometers long, and the revetment masonry 19 is about 4 kilometers long. Flood control forest belt was planted on the dike.

In Ye County, the highest water level elevation of Shahe River is 88 meters, and the lowest water level elevation is 83 meters. The annual maximum runoff is 2.295 billion cubic meters (1964), the annual minimum runoff is14.97 million cubic meters, and the annual average runoff is 940 million cubic meters. The runoff in July, August and September accounts for 7 1% of the annual runoff. The flood discharge capacity is 3,000m3/s, the maximum flood peak discharge is 9,880m3/s, and the annual average discharge is 20.9 m3/s ... There are many tributaries in Shahe, with 33 tributaries, and the basin area exceeds 100 square kilometers. They are all mountainous areas in the west of Pingdingshan City, and the water comes quickly. The main tributaries are:

The North Ruhe River, which originated in Paomaling, Songxian County, flows through Ruyang, Linru and Jiaxian County, and joins Shahe River in Chengjian, Xiangcheng County, with a total length of 250 kilometers and a drainage area of 6,080 square kilometers. The length of the river above Xiangcheng County is 2 15km, and the riverbed gradient is 1/2800. Down to the intersection of Shahe River, the riverbed gradient is 1/4000. The bed of Beiru River is wide and shallow, and the mainstream is uncertain. There are many tributaries on both sides of the river, with 18 tributaries, and the basin area exceeds 100 square kilometers.

Li River, originating from Lishugou in the northwest of Silidian Village in Fangcheng County, flows through Yexian County and Wuyang County, and flows into Shahe River in the west of Luohe City, with a total length of 163 km and a drainage area of 2,787 square kilometers. The average riverbed gradient is about 1/3000. The upper mountain area has poor vegetation and some rocks are exposed, which is also a rainstorm area in Funiu Mountain. The drainage area of Gushitan Hydrological Station is 285 square kilometers, and the peak flow is 5 1896140 cubic meters per second. 1958 Restoration of Gushitan Reservoir.

Ganjiang, the main tributary of the Lijiang River, originates from Yangtou Mountain in Fangcheng County, flows through Yexian County and Wuyang, and joins the Lijiang River at ShangLee Ha Store. The river is 987 kilometers long with a drainage area of 1.28 square kilometers. The drainage area of Guanzhai Hydrological Station is 1 124 square kilometers, 1896 flood peak flow is 9000 cubic meters per second, 1975 12 100 cubic meters per second, which is a high-value area of flood peak modulus in Henan Province.

There are three tributaries in Ye County:

Damai River is located on the south bank of Shahe River, flowing through Gongdian Township and Dengli Township, and originally came from the barren lake together with Shitan River. Today, it is a river regulated in the winter of 1969, which runs east-west, passes through the north-central part of Gongdian Township and the middle-western part of Dengli Township, turns southwest-northeast in Sunzhai of Dengli Township, and joins Shahe River in the west of Xiaosheng Village. The river channel is 12km long, the riverbed is 12 ~ 16m wide and about 2.5m deep, the safe flood basin is 18m 3/s, the annual flow is 0.07m3/s, the dry season is 0.03m3/s, and the ice age is about one and a half months.

Beidagou is located in Dengli Township on the south bank of Shahe River. Originated in the northeast of Dengli Village, it flows 0.75km to the north, then turns to the east, and flows into Shahe at the exit of Shahe County via Zhang Nian and Mawan, with a length of 7.5km. ..

It starts from Qiyinggou, Xiaowangzhuang, Zunhuadian Township, flows to Qi Ying, Zhangzhai and Han Zhuang in the east, and flows into Shahe in the south, with a total length of 7.5 kilometers.

Gouhe River, which originates from Cao Zhen Township, a suburb of Pingdingshan City, flows eastward from He Na Village, Rendian Township, Yexian County, along the junction of Yexian County and Pingdingshan City, and flows into Shahe River in Maozhuang Village, Rendian Township, with a distance of 3.4 kilometers. The riverbed in the county is about 2.5 meters wide, with an average flow of 1.2 cubic meters per second. There is a stone bridge on the river in He Jiong Village. The inscription on the bridge records that Wei Gui, a famous soldier under Jin Wengong's account, surrendered to the river during the Spring and Autumn Period, hence the name He Jiong.

The tributaries of Wuyang County are:

Grey River, known as Kunshui in ancient times. Originated in Cherry Mountain in Lushan County, it flows through Lushan and Yexian County. Enter from Wanli Village, Zhanghua Township, and inject into Shahe River at Beiwudu. It flows through the county seat for 8 kilometers, with a drainage area of 505 square kilometers. The riverbed is about 75 meters wide. Ensure that the flood control flow is 572 cubic meters per second and the low water flow is 0.5 cubic meters per second.

Nihe River, which originates from Yexian cemetery, enters the north of Pangdian in Macun Township, flows through the county territory for 24 kilometers, and enters Shahe River from Zhifang sluice, with a drainage area of 22 1 square kilometer. The riverbed is about 27 meters wide, ensuring the flood control flow of 375 cubic meters per second, and the flow is cut off during the dry season.

The tributaries of Baofeng County are:

He Yinghe originated from Yanwa Village and the shallow mountain near Zhangbaqiao Village in Baofeng County. It was called Shui Ying and Qiaoshui in ancient times, commonly known as Madu River and Shicha River. It flows through Xuetan Village in Xiaodian Township, enters the suburb of Pingdingshan City, and flows south into Shahe around Yingshan, hence the name. The flow in the county is 19 km, the riverbed is 15~20 m wide, and the drainage area is 78 square kilometers. It is a perennial river with a maximum flow of 120 cubic meters per second. The Heying River is crystal clear, especially in the western section of Xiaodian Village, where there are lush vegetation, criss-crossing rocks and water flowing among them. In ancient times, on a good day in the Spring and Autumn Period, literati drank wine, drank tea and wrote poems, and carved poems on stone walls, which was called "Yashi Collection". During Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, it was called "Shiqu Pu Xian", which was one of the "eight scenic spots" in ancient Baofeng. During the Cultural Revolution, Shibi Poetry was destroyed, leaving only some remnants. Jialing Lake, also known as Toad Lake, is located in the southwest of Dianjie Village, Zhanghua Township, Wuyang County. It is the boundary lake between Wuyang and Yexian. In ancient times, it was mostly owned by Jia, and it was named after the mausoleum. The lake is about 1500 m long and 100 m wide, with a drainage area of 38 square kilometers, and flows into the Shahe River in the north. Drain 38 cubic meters per second.

In addition, on the main stream of Shahe River, 1959 built Zhaopingtai Reservoir in Lushan County and 1964 built Baiguishan Reservoir in Pingdingshan City. * * * together constitute the Shahe River system.