It's a Li [Ju]

Selected from Zhuangzi Sheng Da in the Warring States Period.

? Zi Qing succeeded in chopping wood (1), and the people who watched it were shocked (2). Lv Hou saw him and as

Selected from Zhuangzi Sheng Da in the Warring States Period.

? Zi Qing succeeded in chopping wood (1), and the people who watched it were shocked (2). Lv Hou saw him and asked him, "What can I do?" He said, "What are the skills of servants? Although, there is one thing. I will be a loyal minister, and I have never dared to consume gas, so I concentrate on meditation (3). Qi San said that he did not dare to celebrate the rewards; For five days, I dare not sell myself short; On the seventh day, I forgot that I had four bodies (4). When there is no court (5), ingenuity is exclusive, and external bones disappear (6). Then go into the mountains, observe nature (7), reach the body (8), be prejudiced (9), and add hands (10); Otherwise it is (1 1), that is Tianhe (12), and the reason why the equipment suspects God (13) is (14)! "

Ziqing can carve wood to make cups. After the cup was made, everyone who saw it was amazed as if it were made by ghosts and gods. Lv Hou saw it and asked him, "How did you do it?" Zi Qing replied: "I'm a worker, and I know all the skills!" " Even so, I have a skill. When I want to do it, I never dare to spend my energy casually, but I must fast to rest my mind. Fasting for three days, there is no longer the idea of celebrating, rewarding, obtaining titles and salaries; Fasting for five days, no more criticism, praise, skill or clumsy distractions; After seven days of fasting, I have been unmoved by foreign objects, as if I had forgotten my limbs and body. At this time, there was no office and court in my eyes, and all external interference disappeared. Then I went into the mountains to observe the texture of all kinds of wood; Choose the shape and posture that best matches the shape, and then the image of the formed shape will appear in front of my eyes, and then I will start processing and making; If not, I won't do it. This is why I used the purity of my carpentry to blend the naturalness of wood, and the artifacts I made were suspected to be ghosts. I'm afraid that's why! "

① catalpa (zǐ): Yi catalpa, carpenter. Qing: First name. A wooden frame used to hang musical instruments such as Zhong Qing in ancient times.

2 amazing ghosts and gods: I was surprised to think that ghosts and gods did it. It is said that its skill is exquisite and ingenious.

③ Qi (zhāi): the same as "fasting", fasting, vegetarianism and removing distractions.

4 Pregnancy: Miss, think about it. Reward: reward.

⑤ ⑤: Already.

6 no court: no court in my heart. It seems that I am not serving the government.

⑦ Skillful and slippery: the skill is single-minded, and the external interference disappears. Slip: scramble, scratch.

Observe nature: observe the texture of trees.

Pet-name ruby hand: building.

Attending Zhuangzi (369 ~ 286 BC), Zhou and Song (now the northeast of Shangqiu, Henan). Contemporary with Mencius, idealist thinkers and philosophers in the Warring States period were the main representatives of Taoism in the pre-Qin period. He used to be a lackey in the lacquer garden, and he worked with Liang at the same time. He inherited and developed Laozi's thought. Later generations called them "Lao Zi and Zhuangzi". Zhuangzi is not only a Taoist classic, but also an important prose work of pre-Qin philosophers. It is a collection of Zhuangzi, his disciples and later works.

Zhuangzi is the inheritor and advocate of Laozi's theory, and he is knowledgeable. Sima Qian said that he "knew what he learned, but owed it to Laozi". Advocating nature and opposing man-made is the core of his literary thought.

He told a series of stories about craftsmen's skills, such as "controlling oxen", "celebrating self-purification", "Tianjin people driving boats", "Lvliang dancing with water" and "stagnation with things" to illustrate the realm of "emptiness" and "assimilation with things" in literary and artistic creation. Zhuangzi thought that the Creator could only do this.

? This paper describes the expert Qing Zi's intensive process of integrating metaphor and nature.

? Qing Zi's answer to Lv Hou is the focus of this article, full of twists and turns, ups and downs, vivid and natural, and extremely infectious. Qing Zi first said, what skills do I have? Deliberately zigzag pen, in order to store the potential of words, and then push one layer at a time, pour down, a thousand miles, and tell the truth incisively and vividly. Do not dare to "consume gas" before doing it, but try to calm your heart and let your spirit be single-minded. The comparison of "fasting for three days", "fasting for five mouths" and "fasting for seven days" is getting deeper and deeper, and finally the lofty realm of "forgetting myself and having four legs" is reached. Really is the so-called far away from the world, forget the skeleton, detached from things! The ancients said: too forgetful. The ups and downs in the world are no longer on the mind, and the external interference is not enough, so that we can make a difference. The next three "then", such as urgent string and complicated tube, pushed the article to a climax. The sentence "Otherwise, you are yourself" is empty and simple, which leads to the natural theme of extremes meet.

? Zhuangzi's articles are not only brilliant in literary talent, but also thoughtful. Rich educational significance can be found in his language.

? It is no exaggeration to say that Zhuangzi Tianxia evaluates itself as "being alone with the spirit of heaven and earth".

Qi: pass "fasting" and fast; For example, "you must be with meditation."

Branches: "limbs", limbs; For example, "forget that I have four bodies."

Bone: smooth and chaotic; For example, "it is clever and expert, but its external bones disappear."

See: through "now", appear, present; Such as "so biased".

And: the auxiliary word "tong" that expresses the sigh tone can be translated as "ba"; For example, "the device doubts God because it has something to do with it".

? To do a good job, only by getting rid of all distractions and interferences, can we deeply understand and grasp the laws of things and achieve outstanding achievements.