Where was Lotre Reiniger born?

Lotte Reiniger

Lotte Reiniger is a female director of the Federal Republic of Germany and a pioneer of paper-cut animation. She uses scissors and paper to create Amazing animation art. In 1926, she produced her first feature-length paper-cut animation "The Adventures of Prince Archimedes", which is a classic in the field of paper-cut animation. Paper-cut cartoons are no longer the mainstream of animation art. Even at the beginning of its birth, few people easily tried this form of animation production with a huge amount of work. Because if you want the characters to move, every character needs to be cut and recolored. Even in the era of silent films with 18 frames per second, 18 paper-cut figures with coherent movements were needed to produce one second of moving pictures. If you want your character's joints to be flexible and expressive, the work will be even more tedious. Therefore, paper-cut cartoons have never been able to become the mainstream form of animation art, but it is precisely because of this that it has a charm that is difficult to match and surpass other animation forms. Lotte Reiniger is a pioneer in this field.

Chinese name: Lotte Reiniger

Foreign name: Lotte Reiniger

Alias: Charlotte Reiniger

Nationality: Germany

Birthplace: Berlin-Charlottenburg

Date of birth: June 2, 1899

Date of death: June 19, 1981

< p>Occupation: Animator, director

Main achievements: Received the German Grand Cross in 1979

Won the German Film Golden Ribbon Award in 1972

Representative works: "The Adventures of Prince Archimedes", "10 Minutes of Mozart", "The Rose and the Ring"

Character Life

Lotte Reiniger was born in Berlin when she was 15 years old After listening to a lecture by the famous actor and director Paul Wegener (his representative work "Golien"), she was deeply attracted by the magical visual effects created by his use of special effects photography. Determined to follow Paul Wegener, Lotre Reiniger convinced her parents to study acting at an acting school. However, the school did not have the opportunity to intern and perform for her to get close to her hero, so she went to the Max Reinhardt Theater to watch Paul Wegener's performance. Lotte Reiniger gave the actors free paper cutouts of their stage looks, which caught the attention of Paul Wegener. In 1918, Paul Wegener hired her to create subtitle illustrations for his film "Der Rottenfanger von Hameln" (Der Rottenfanger von Hameln), and she served as an extra in many of his films. In the summer of 1919, Paul Wegener recommended her to Hans Curlis, Berthold Bartosch, and Carl Koch, who were organizing an experimental animation studio at the time. , and convinced them to fund Lotte Reiniger's production of her cutout cartoons. In December 1919, she completed her first animated film "Das Ornament desverliebten Herzens" (The Ornament of Love), which told a short story about two lovers and reflected their emotions. The film was warmly welcomed by people. This was the beginning of her animation career. Lotte Reiniger produced more than 50 animated short films during his lifetime.

In 1923, with the funding of banker Louis Hagen (Louis Hagen), Lotte Reiniger used Louis Hagen's garage to build his own studio and began to produce "Akimi". The Adventures of Prince De. This film adaptation of "One Thousand and One Nights" is full of adventure, romance and magic. *** Also involved in the production of the film were her husband Karl Koch (the two married in 1921), Berthold Bartosch, and Walther Ruttmann, who was responsible for background design. The film not only uses paper cutting, a medium that Lotte Reiniger was comfortable with, but also boldly experiments with animation using wax and sand. This 90-minute black and white film (18 frames/second) uses hand-shaded technology to pursue the multi-angle changes of the camera. When the film was released in 1926, it received rave reviews and was praised by film masters including Jean Renoir and Rene Clair. Jean Renoir later became Lotre Reiniger's close friend and working partner. This paper-cut animated feature film is not only recognized as a classic in the field of paper-cut cartoons, but some historians believe that this work is the first animated feature film in the true sense. Although this view needs to be proved, But "The Adventures of Prince Archimedes" is undoubtedly Europe's first animated feature film.

The following animated feature film is adapted from Maurice Ravel’s 1925 ballet opera L’Enfantetlessortileges. Before World War II, they produced 26 cartoons, among which "Papageno" was the most famous. They also made paper-cut animation clips for Jean Renoir's film "La Marseillaise".

After the emergence of sound films in the mid-20th century, in addition to making fairy tale films, she also directed some feature films, including "Mozart" (1930) and a parody comedy "Carmen" (1933). ) and The Magic Flute (1935), films that reflected her interest in music. She then directed two musicals, Helen (1957) and Boudoir (1958), for which she was the producer. Her last work was the edited film "The Rose and the Ring" (1979). She is also considered one of the great figures of German cinema.

Personal works

1979 The Rose and the Ring (short film)

1975 Aucassin and Nicolette (short film)

< p>1961 The Frog Prince - The Frog Prince (short film)

1956 The Star of Bethlehem (TV short film)

1955 Hansel and Gretel - H_nseland Gretel (short film)

1955 Jack and the Beanstalk - Jack and the Beanstalk (short film)

1954 Aladdin and the Magic Lamp (short film)

1954 Caliph Storch (short film)

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1954 Thumbelina-D_umlienchen (short film)

1954 Puss in Boots-Pussin Boots (short film)

1954 SnowWhite and RoseRed (short film)

1954 The Frog Prince-The Frog Prince (short film)

1954 The Gallant Little Tailor (short film)

1954 The Grasshopper and the Ant (short film)

1954 The Little Chimney Sweep (short film) (starring)

1954 Sleeping Beauty-TheSleepingBeauty (short film)

1954 The Three Wishes (short film)

< p>1954 Cinderella (short film)

1953 The Magic Horse (short film)

1951 Mary'sBirthday (short film)

1944 The Goose that Lays Golden Eggs-DiegoldeneGans (short film)

1938 Hops-TheHPO (short film)

1937 Daughter-Daughter

1937 Torchbearer-TheTocher( Short film) (ballet film)

1937 The King's Breakfast (short film)

1936 Puss in Boots - Pussin Boots

1936 Silhouette ( Animation scene)

1935 The Little Chimney Sweeper - Derkleine Schornsteinfeger (short film)

1935 Galathea: Living Marble Image - Galathea: Daslebende Marmorbild (short film)

1935 Papageno (short film)

1934 Stolen Heart-Dasgestohlene Herz (short film)

1933 Carmen (short film)

1932 Sissi - Sissi

1931 Harlekin (short film)

1930 Mozart's Ten Minutes - ZehnMinutenMozart (short film)

1928 The Chinese who faked their death - DerscheintoteChinese (short film)

1928 Dr. Dolittle and his animals-Dr.DolittleundseineTiere (short film)

1927 Chinese Nightingale-The Chinese Nightingale

1926 Aki The Adventures of Prince Meade - Die Abenteuerdes Prinzen Achmed

1922 Cinderella - Aschenputtel (short film)

1922 The Secret of the Marquise - Das Geheimnisder Marquisin (short film)

1922 Flying Travel Box-DerfliegendeKoffer (short film)

1922 Sleeping Beauty-SleepingBeauty

1921 Star of Bethlehem-Der Stern von Bethlehem

1919 The Embellishment of Love-DasOrnamentdesverliebtenHerzens

Personal life

Lotte Reiniger and her husband were a pair of extreme leftists, so they were eager to leave Germany when the Nazis came to power. However, the reality was very different from their hopes. Britain, France and other countries refused them entry. The couple had no choice but to continue to make animated short films in Germany, but the anti-Nazi spirit was inevitably revealed in these films.

In 1936, they left Germany due to political pressure, and the couple, holding temporary visas, traveled around Europe. During the crisis, Jean Renoir did everything he could to help them. Not only did he hire the two of them to work in his film, but when the war broke out, he also took the couple to Italy to participate in the filming of the film "Tosca". Lotre Reiniger and his wife stayed in Italy until 1944, when they were eventually deported back to Germany by the Allies. After returning to China, she was forced to make the animated film "The Goose that Lays Golden Eggs" (Diegoidene Gans), but the film was never completed.

The couple finally obtained British visas in 1948, and Lott Reiniger completed almost all of his work in the UK for the rest of his life. In 1955, "The Gallant Little Tailor" (The Gallant Little Tailor) directed by her won the grand prize at the Venice Film Festival that year. They also established their own "Sakura Company" (Primrose Production) to produce paper-cut animation commercials for BBC children's television programs. But her husband could not get over the mental trauma caused by the war and died young. Lotte Reiniger lived a strong life and maintained abundant creative enthusiasm. She was still active in the production line until she was 80 years old: in 1976, with funding from the National Film Board of Canada (NFB), she adapted and filmed a film based on a medieval legend. "Aucassin and Nicolette" received international acclaim; Lotte Reiniger's last animation work was "Rose and Ring" (1979) produced when she was 80 years old.