All famous painters in the world and their most famous works

1. Gu Kaizhi

1. Character introduction

Gu Kaizhi (348-409), named Changkang, small-named Hutou, Han nationality, Wuxi, Jinling People (now Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province). Outstanding painter, painting theorist and poet. Gu Kaizhi was erudite and talented, good at poetry, calligraphy, and especially painting.

He was good at portraits, Buddha statues, animals, landscapes, etc. People at that time called him the three masters: painting, writing and infatuation. Xie An took it seriously, thinking that it had never happened before. Gu Kaizhi, Cao Buxing, Lu Tanwei, and Zhang Sengyao were collectively known as the "Four Great Masters of the Six Dynasties".

Gu Kaizhi's paintings were intended to express the spirit. His arguments such as "imagination is wonderful" and "describing spirit with form" laid the foundation for the development of traditional Chinese painting.

2. Introduction to the work

"Pictures of the Luo Shen Fu" is a painting by Gu Kaizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The original volume of "Pictures of the Luo Goddess" is ink and color on silk. It is a long scroll that is similar to a comic strip but is composed of multiple storylines. It has been lost.

The main ones handed down now are four copies from the Song Dynasty, which are collected in the Palace Museum in Beijing (two copies), the Liaoning Provincial Museum and the Freer Museum of Art in the United States. The two figures in the Palace Museum are basically similar, but the scenery is divided into one complex and one simple.

The whole volume is divided into three parts, depicting the sincere and pure love story of Cao Zhi and Luo Shen in a detailed and layered manner. The characters are arranged in an appropriate density, naturally alternating, overlapping, and exchanging in different time and space, and the depiction of mountains and rivers all shows a kind of spatial beauty.

2. Zhan Ziqian

1. Character introduction

Zhan Ziqian (about 545-618), a master of painting in the Sui Dynasty, Han nationality, Bohai ( Today's Shandong Yangxin) people. He went through the Eastern Wei, Northern Qi, Northern Zhou, and Sui dynasties. In the Sui Dynasty, he was summoned by Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty and served as an official in the court and the governor of the account.

He is the only famous painter of the Sui Dynasty whose paintings can be traced, and occupies an important position in the history of Chinese painting. He is good at painting Buddhism and Taoism, figures, pommel horses, chariots and carriages, palaces and gardens, pavilions, feathers and historical stories, especially landscapes. The characters are described in detail, and the faces are dyed with color and scenery.

Drawing a horse is fascinating. The standing horse has the posture of its feet, while the lying horse has the posture of leaping and leaping on its belly. He is known as the "ancestor of Tang painting" when he writes about landscapes far and near, with the potential to be close at hand and thousands of miles away.

2. Introduction to the work

"Spring Outing" is a painting created by the Sui Dynasty painter Zhan Ziqian. It is on silk and is colored in green. On the painting is the inscription "Zhan Ziqian" written by Song Huizong. The six-character painting "Spring Outing" is now in the Painting Gallery of the Palace Museum in Beijing. ?

The picture shows the scene where the water and the sky meet. There are green mountains and a harmonious lake. There are also scholars riding horses on the mountain trails or stopping by the lake. There are also beautiful ladies boating on the water. The breeze is gentle. The water surface is sparkling, peaches and apricots are blooming on the shore, and the grass is green. ?

The painter used green to emphasize the landscape, used mud to depict the foot of the mountain, used ocher to fill in the tree trunks, took panoramic shots from a distance, and properly arranged the figures. He was the first to create a magnificent landscape in the Tang Dynasty and was very representative in early landscape paintings. sex. This painting is the only work handed down by Zhan Ziqian, and it is also the oldest scroll in existence so far.

3. Xu Wei

1. Character introduction

Xu Wei (March 12, 1521-1593), Han nationality, Shanyin, Shaoxing Prefecture (now Zhejiang) Shaoxing) people. The first character was Wenqing, and later it was changed to Wenchang.

No. Qingteng Old Man, Qingteng Taoist, Tianchisheng, Tianchishanren, Tianchiyuyin, Jinlei, Jinhuishanren, Shanyin Buyi, Baijioshanren, Elbishannon, Tian Dan Water, field water month (one is paddy field month). A famous writer, calligrapher, painter, dramatist and military strategist in the Ming Dynasty.

Xu Wei is versatile and unique in poetry, drama, calligraphy and painting. Together with Xie Jin and Yang Shen, he is known as the "Three Talents of the Ming Dynasty". He is the founder of China's "splash-ink freehand painting school" and the originator of "Ivy Painting School".

His paintings can absorb the essence of his predecessors and become completely different. He does not seek resemblance in form but resemblance in spirit. He works meticulously on landscapes, figures, flowers and birds, bamboos and stones, with flowers being the most outstanding. He created a generation of painting style and influenced the painting circles of later generations ( Such as Bada Shanren, Shi Tao, Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics, etc.) had a great influence.

2. Introduction to the work

"Ink Grapes" is one of Xu Wei's handed down paintings. In the picture, a pen dipped in ink is used to write an ink grape. I saw bunches of fruits hanging upside down from the branches, crystal clear and fresh, vivid and vivid.

The lush leaves, branches, trunks, etc. are all painted with large pieces of ink, and the brushwork is smooth and integrated. The style of this painting is sparse and irregular, which is exactly the result of the artist pouring his emotions into the brush strokes when painting.

4. Zheng Banqiao

1. Character introduction

Zheng Banqiao (1693-1765), formerly known as Zheng Xie, also named Kerou, also known as Li'an, also known as Ban. Qiao, known as Mr. Banqiao, is a native of Xinghua, Jiangsu, and his ancestral home is Suzhou.

A scholar of Kangxi, a scholar in the tenth year of Yongzheng, and a Jinshi in the first year of Qianlong (1736). He was the magistrate of Fan County and Weixian County in Shandong Province. He had outstanding political achievements. He later lived in Yangzhou and made a living by selling paintings. He was an important representative of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou".

Zheng Banqiao only painted orchids, bamboos and stones throughout his life. He called himself "the orchid that never fades in all seasons, the evergreen bamboo with a hundred knots, the unbeatable stone through the ages, and the unchanging person through the ages." His poetry, calligraphy and painting are known as the "Three Wonders" in the world. He is a relatively representative literati painter in the Qing Dynasty.

Representative works include "Building Bamboo and New Bamboo", "Clear Light Picture", "Orchid and Bamboo Fragrance Picture", "Gan Valley and Chrysanthemum Spring Picture", "Crossing Orchid and Thorns Picture", etc. He is the author of "Collection of Zheng Banqiao" .

2. Introduction to the work

"Orchid and Bamboo Fragrance" is a work by the Qing Dynasty painter Zheng Banqiao. Now in the collection of Nanjing Museum. In this painting, poetry and painting complement each other and complement each other, reflecting the characteristics of Chinese literati paintings. The orchid and bamboo written in thick ink are elegant and unrestrained, with flying charm.

5. Leonardo da Vinci

1. Character introduction

Leonardo di Piero da Vinci (Italian: Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci; April 15, 1452 - May 2, 1519), a famous Italian painter and scientist. Together with Raphael and Michelangelo, he is known as the three masters of the Italian Renaissance and the entire European Renaissance. one of the representatives.

2. Introduction to the work

"Mona Lisa" is an oil painting created by Italian Renaissance painter Leonardo da Vinci. It is now collected in the Louvre Museum in France. museum.

This painting mainly shows the typical image of elegance and tranquility of women, creating an image of an urban proletarian woman during the rising period of capitalism.

"Mona Lisa" represents the aesthetic direction of the Renaissance; the profound and noble ideological quality of women reflected in this work reflects people's aesthetic concepts and pursuit of female beauty during the Renaissance. .

6. Rubens

1. Character introduction

Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640), Christian name Peter Paul Rubens was a 17th-century Flemish painter, an outstanding representative of early Baroque art, and a diplomatic envoy of the Spanish Habsburg Dynasty. Peter Paul Rubens was a Flemish painter and an early representative of the Baroque school.

Rubens was born in Siegen, Germany. After the death of his father, the 12-year-old Rubens followed his mother back to his hometown of Antwerp under Spanish rule, where he was baptized as a Catholic. It has also become a very important theme in Rubens' career as a painter.

2. Introduction to the work

"The Rape of the Daughter of Leusippus" is an oil painting created by Peter Paul Rubens from 1617 to 1617.

This painting depicts the traditional "bridal robbery" scene: Castor and Pollux, two dark strong men, kidnapped the two daughters of Lyosipas from their sleep. The scene of being prepared to forcibly pull on the horse's back.

7. Huang Gongwang

1. Character introduction

Huang Gongwang (1269-1354), courtesy name Zijiu and nickname Yifeng, was born in Changshu County, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces (now Changshu City, Jiangsu Province). A famous painter of the Yuan Dynasty, the leader of the "Four Yuan Painters".

Good at painting landscapes, he learned from Dong Yuan and Ju Ran, and also studied Li Cheng's method, and was taught by Zhao Mengfu. The ink and wash paintings he made are sophisticated, simple and profound. He also applied light ocher on top of the ink, which is known as "Light Crimson Landscape".

In his later years, he used Cao Zan's brushstrokes in his paintings, which were majestic and vast. Together with Wu Zhen, Ni Zan and Wang Meng, he was known as one of the "Four Yuan Masters". He is good at calligraphy and poetry, and wrote "Secrets on Writing Landscapes", which is a talk about his experience in creating landscape paintings.

Existing works include "Dwelling in Fuchun Mountain", "Nine Peaks with Snow", "Danya Yushu", "Tianchi Stone Wall", etc.

2. Introduction to the work

"Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains" is an ink painting on paper created by the Yuan Dynasty painter Huang Gongwang. It is one of China's top ten famous paintings handed down from generation to generation. The painter Huang Gongwang painted it for his younger brother Zheng Chuan (Wuyongshi), and it was completed in 1350.

Later, it changed hands several times, and was buried in two parts due to "burning paintings and burials". The first half volume: The Picture of the Remaining Mountain, is now collected in the Zhejiang Provincial Museum; the second half volume: The Volume of the Useless Master, is now in the collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei. Museum.

Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains, with the Fuchun River in Zhejiang as the background, uses light and elegant ink, and the mountains and water are arranged in an appropriate density. The ink colors are thick and light, both dry and wet, and are very varied. About 80% of the content in the Fuchun Mountain Residence painting is the scenery of the Fuchun River in Tonglu, and 20% is the scenery of Fuyang.

8. Wu Daozi

1. Character introduction

Wu Daozi (about 680-759 AD), a famous painter in the Tang Dynasty, is honored as the Painting Saint in the history of painting. , also known as Daoxuan. Han nationality, from Yangzhai (now Yuzhou, Henan). He was born around AD 680 (the first year of Yonglong) and died around AD 758 (the first year of Qianyuan).

He was solitary and poor, and gained a reputation for painting when he was young. He once served as county lieutenant in Xiaqiu, Yanzhou (now Ziyang, Shandong), but resigned soon after. Later he lived in Luoyang and engaged in mural creation.

2. Introduction to the work

"The Picture of the Heavenly King Sending His Son" (also known as "The Picture of the Heavenly King Sending His Son" and "The Picture of the Birth of Sakyamuni") was written by Wu Daozi in the Tang Dynasty based on the Buddhist scripture "Rui". "Yingbenqi Jing" created ink and ink drawings on paper, which are said to be copied by people in the Song Dynasty. This work is now in the Osaka Municipal Museum of Art, Japan.

The whole picture is divided into three parts: the first part depicts a kingly god sitting in the middle, flanked by civil servants holding ribs, fairies holding inkstones, and people holding swords and surrounding snakes. The military commander Rikishi faced a dragon subdued by two gods.

The second paragraph depicts a four-armed god with disheveled hair sitting on a stone, with flames rising behind him. The statue has a strange appearance and is quite imposing. On the left and right sides are the goddesses holding pots and furnaces.

The third paragraph is "The Picture of the Birth of Buddha Ying Muni", which tells the story of the birth of the son of King Suddhodana of India. From the picture, you can see that when Sakyamuni was born, his father carried him to the temple to pay homage to the God of Freedom.

9. Monet

1. Character introduction

Claude Monet (November 14, 1840 - December 1926) 5), a French painter, known as the "leader of Impressionism" and one of the representatives and founders of Impressionism.

Monet is one of the most important painters in France. He promoted most of the theories and practices of Impressionism. Monet was good at experimentation and expression techniques of light and shadow.

His most important style is to change the painting method of shadows and outlines. In Monet's paintings, you can't see very clear shadows, nor can you see highlighted or flat outlines. The color depiction of light and shadow is the biggest feature of Monet's paintings.

2. Introduction to the work

This oil painting depicts the sunrise at Havre Port through the mist. The painting strokes that directly touch the dots depict the unclear background in the morning mist. The various colors give the water surface infinite brilliance, but the inaccurate depiction makes the boats vaguely visible.

Truely depicts the visual impression given to the artist by the light and color of sunrise in the French harbor city. Because it broke through the shackles of traditional painting methods, a critic borrowed the title of this painting to mock a group of young painters represented by Monet who demanded innovation and creation as "Impressionism". This painting school got its name from this .

This painting was exhibited at the First Joint Exhibition of Impressionist Painters, which opened in 1874. This work is the most typical of Monet's paintings.

10. Van Gogh

1. Character introduction

Vincent van Gogh (March 30, 1853-July 1890) August 29), Dutch Post-Impressionist painter. Representative works include "Starry Night", self-portrait series, sunflower series, etc.

Van Gogh's madness (someone recorded it as "epilepsy") often had attacks, but he still insisted on painting when he was conscious. In July 1890, he shot himself in a state of insanity. He was only 37 years old. age.

2. Introduction to the work

"The Potato Eaters" is an oil painting created in 1885 by the Dutch post-impressionist painter Vincent Van Gogh. The painting is in the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam.

In this painting, Van Gogh used crude models to show real civilians.

The painter himself said, "The point I want to convey is that by the light of an oil lamp, potato eaters grab potatoes from the plate with the same hands that work on the earth - they honestly Support one's own efforts."

This painting was created when Van Gogh lived in North Brabant, and it is also what the artist considers to be his best work.

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