How to quickly understand the acupuncture points and meridians on the human body

What exactly are acupuncture points? In 1882, Brix discovered the existence of warm and cold spots on the surface of the human body and was hailed as a pioneer in somatosensory physiology. In fact, as early as more than 2,000 years ago, our ancestors already knew that there are many special sensory points and acupoints on human skin. The famous medical classic "Huangdi Neijing" written in the fifth to first century BC has pointed out that "the Qi points have their own names" and recorded 160 acupoint names. Huangfu Mi of the Jin Dynasty compiled the "Acupuncture and Moxibustion Classics A and B", the pioneering masterpiece of acupuncture in my country, which discussed the names, aliases, locations and indications of 340 acupuncture points on the human body one by one. In the Song Dynasty, Wang Weiyi redefined acupuncture points, corrected errors, and wrote the "Acupuncture Map of Bronze Figures on Acupoints". He was also the first to develop and cast two acupuncture bronze figures specifically for acupuncture teaching and examinations. Their shapes are lifelike and their faces are carved. Precise and impressive. It can be seen that ancient Chinese medical scientists knew how to treat diseases based on acupoints a long time ago, and formed a complete theoretical system of acupoints during long-term practice.

"Lei Jing·Ren Zhi Si Hai" records: "Shu, Shu, and Shu are all common in this classic." Therefore, acupoints are also called Shu points and Shu points, and they are also called acupoints, acupoints or channels. of. According to the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture points on the human body have three main functions. They are the parts where the qi of the meridians is infused on the body surface, where diseases are reflected on the body surface, and where acupuncture, massage, qigong and other therapies are applied. Acupoints have the miraculous effects of "quickly pressing" and "rapidly dispelling diseases". However, what is the essence of acupuncture points? Is it really a special structure of the human body? For a long time, people have speculated about this, and there is no consensus.

Many people explore the essence of acupuncture points from their electrical properties. In 1950, Japan's Nakatani used 12 volts of direct current to pass through human skin and found that there were certain "good conduction points" on the skin with particularly high conductivity, and their locations matched the locations of acupuncture points. Shortly thereafter, the famous French acupuncturist Niboat, with the assistance of his assistant, confirmed this phenomenon by measuring skin resistance and determined that the resistance of an acupoint was only half of the resistance of the surrounding skin. Measurements performed on cadavers yielded the same results. In the late 1950s, Chinese scholars' research on acupoint electrophysiology basically confirmed that acupuncture points have the characteristics of low resistance and high potential. However, it is speculated that the total area of ??acupuncture points on the whole body only accounts for four ten thousandths of the body surface, while there are many parts of the body's surface that are far from limited to acupuncture points. Moreover, many factors such as physiological activities such as eating, sleeping, and exercise, external environmental changes such as timing, season, and temperature, as well as precise psychological state, will affect the skin resistance value. No wonder researchers from the Shanghai Institute of Hypertension lamented that it is quite difficult to measure meridian points with this method (skin resistance measurement). France's Dela Foye spent five years applying this method to measure acupuncture points, but the results obtained were very different from those of Chinese acupuncture points, and he had to abruptly stop this research.

There are also people who compare and analyze the ancient acupoint theory and modern medical theory, trying to explain them with new theories and new concepts. For example, when electric current stimulates the skin, the stimulated muscles will contract. The part of the body surface that produces the largest muscle contraction when stimulated by the weakest current is called a motor point. American scholar Jin Lin compared the locations of exercise points and traditional acupuncture points and proposed that the distribution of the two is almost the same. Masayoshi Hyoto of Japan and Frost of the United States compared acupuncture points with trigger points. Trigger points are considered to be localized sites in the body's muscle tissue that are characterized by deep tissue sensitivity, nodules, and radiating pain. Although its mechanism is not yet clear, it is generally believed to be caused by muscle spasms, endocrine disorders or muscle tension due to pain or other reasons. When acupuncture points are used, damage to muscle fibers and nerve fibers in local tissues will occur due to mutual friction between tissues and the interaction between the metal needle and the tissue dielectric. In addition, the distribution of the two is also slightly the same. Therefore, they believe that certain properties of acupuncture points are very similar to trigger points. Some people even think that they are just the same thing with different names. There are also research reports that acupuncture points are closely related to electrical differential points and skin activity points. These multi-channel studies reflect the characteristics of acupuncture points from the side, and undoubtedly have certain reference value for exploring the mysteries of acupoints.

Some people are focusing on studying the morphological structure of acupuncture points, hoping to uncover the mystery of acupoints in one fell swoop. Experts from Shanghai First Medical College dissected and observed 324 acupuncture points on the corpse and found that 99.6% of the acupoints were related to nerves. They further found that the nerve distribution of meridian points and related organs often belong to the same spinal cord segment, and the acupuncture points on the inner and outer meridians often belong to the same spinal cord segment. Japanese scholar Shutaro Mori proved that among the acupuncture points on the whole body, about 100 acupoints have nerve bundles running through the deep tissue. Acupoints are also related to receptors at the terminal ends of sensory ganglion cells such as muscle spindles, nerve tendon spindles, tactile corpuscles, and annular corpuscles. From a genetic point of view, the epidermis and nervous tissue have the same origin. The nerve center has projection points for various skin areas and internal organs. Therefore, there may be a biological correlation between acupuncture points and embryonic morphology. However, some studies have reached the opposite conclusion: both acupuncture points and non-acupoint tissues have nerve fiber distribution, and there is no obvious difference in their histology. It is still unclear as to how the neural tissue underlying acupuncture points differs from non-acupoint areas. It has also been reported that acupuncture points are closely related to blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.

Ichichi Saijo of Japan used infrared thermography to observe that the skin temperature in the chest and abdomen acupuncture points was 0.5 to 1°C higher than the surrounding skin. He believed that this was due to the presence of blood vessels under the acupoints. Relevant anatomical data confirm that many acupuncture points are indeed covered with subcutaneous veins or have deep blood vessels penetrating them.

Acupoint researchers believe that human acupuncture points are complex comprehensive structures and functions that are closely related to the nervous system, as well as blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, muscles and other tissues.

Their respective functions are:

The standard positioning is in the temporal part, between the eyebrow tip and the outer canthus of the eye, in the depression about one horizontal finger backward.

Select the acupoint in the sitting or side lying position, in the temporal part, between the eyebrow tip and the outer canthus of the eye, in the depression about one horizontal finger backward.

Acupoint anatomy There are skin, subcutaneous tissue, orbicularis oculi muscle, temporal fascia and temporalis muscle under the acupoint. It is distributed with the branches of the zygomatic nerve, the zygomaticofacial nerve, the temporal and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve, the temporal nerve of the mandibular nerve, and the branches or tributaries of the superficial temporal artery and vein.

The temple is an important acupuncture point on the human head. In "Dharma Secrets", massaging this acupoint is listed as a "rejuvenation method". It is believed that this method can keep the brain youthful and rejuvenate. When people use their heads continuously for a long time, they often feel heavy pressure or swelling and pain in their temples, which is a sign of brain fatigue. The effect of massage at this time will be very significant. The temple is known as the "extra-meridian odd point" in the meridian theory of traditional Chinese medicine, and it was also one of the first "dead points" listed as a vital part in various martial arts schools. It is recorded in Shaolin boxing that once the temple is hit, "it can range from fainting to severe death." Modern medicine has proven that hitting the temples can cause death or concussion and loss of consciousness.

The temple is located at the intersection of the parietal bone, zygomatic bone, sphenoid bone and temporal bone, which is called the "pterygoid point" or "pterygoid suture". This is where the skull plate is thinnest and the bone is fragile. The skull is a hard bone plate that protects the brain. The thickness of the skull plates varies from place to place, with an average thickness of 5 millimeters and a maximum thickness of 1 centimeter. The thickness of the bone plate at the temple is only 1-2 mm, which is the weakest part of the skull. It can easily cause fractures if it is hit or squeezed. A fracture can directly affect brain function.

Functions: Clear liver and improve eyesight, unblock meridians and relieve pain.

Indications

1. Migraine headache, neurovascular headache, and trigeminal neuralgia.

2. Red, swollen and painful eyes, optic nerve atrophy, etc.

Acupuncture and moxibustion are performed by pricking 0.3-0.5 inches straight or obliquely, or using a three-edged needle to prick for bleeding.

The standard positioning is on the temporal part, when the eyebrow tip and the outer canthus of the eye in between, about a finger's worth of depression backwards.

Select the acupoint in the sitting or side lying position, in the temporal part, between the eyebrow tip and the outer canthus of the eye, in the depression about one horizontal finger backward.

Acupoint anatomy There are skin, subcutaneous tissue, orbicularis oculi muscle, temporal fascia and temporalis muscle under the acupoint. It is distributed with the branches of the zygomatic nerve, the zygomaticofacial nerve, the temporal and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve, the temporal nerve of the mandibular nerve, and the branches or tributaries of the superficial temporal artery and vein.

The temple is an important acupuncture point on the human head. In "Dharma Secrets", massaging this acupoint is listed as a "rejuvenation method". It is believed that this method can keep the brain youthful and rejuvenate. When people use their heads continuously for a long time, they often feel heavy pressure or swelling and pain in their temples, which is a sign of brain fatigue. The effect of massage at this time will be very significant. The temple is known as the "extra-meridian odd point" in the meridian theory of traditional Chinese medicine, and it was also one of the first "dead points" listed as a vital part in various martial arts schools. It is recorded in Shaolin boxing that once the temple is hit, "it can range from fainting to severe death." Modern medicine has proven that hitting the temples can cause death or concussion and loss of consciousness.

The temple is located at the intersection of the parietal bone, zygomatic bone, sphenoid bone and temporal bone, which is called the "pterygoid point" or "pterygoid suture". This is where the skull plate is thinnest and the bone is fragile. The skull is a hard bone plate that protects the brain. The thickness of the skull plates varies from place to place, with an average thickness of 5 millimeters and a maximum thickness of 1 centimeter. The thickness of the bone plate at the temple is only 1-2 mm, which is the weakest part of the skull. It can easily cause fractures if it is hit or squeezed. A fracture can directly affect brain function.

Functions: Clear liver and improve eyesight, unblock meridians and relieve pain.

Indications

1. Migraine headache, neurovascular headache, and trigeminal neuralgia.

2. Red, swollen and painful eyes, optic nerve atrophy, etc.

Acupuncture and moxibustion are performed by pricking 0.3-0.5 inches straight or obliquely, or using a three-edged needle to prick for bleeding.

The standard positioning is in the oral cavity, at the midpoint of the sublingual frenulum. at.

Acupoint selection: Sit upright, open your mouth, roll your tongue backwards, and select the acupoint at the midpoint of the sublingual frenulum.

Acupoint anatomy There are tongue mucosa, submucosal tissue and tongue muscle under the acupoint. It distributes the lingual nerve of the mandibular nerve, the nerve fibers of the hypoglossal nerve and the chorda tympani of the facial nerve, branches of the lingual artery, the deep lingual artery and the branches of the lingual vein, the deep lingual vein.

Function: dispelling evil spirits, opening up the mind, producing body fluids and quenching thirst.

Indications: 1. Sluggish tongue, heavy and swollen tongue, and closed larynx.

2. Vomiting, hiccups, diarrhea, and thirst.

Acupuncture uses thin three-edged needles to cause bleeding.

[Standard positioning] Above the auricle, when the ear is folded forward, at the tip above the auricle.

[Acupoint selection] Sitting upright or lying on your side, above the auricle, when the ear is folded forward, at the tip above the auricle.

[Acupoint Anatomy] There are skin, subcutaneous tissue and auricular cartilage under the acupoint. Distributed include the superficial temporal depression, the preauricular branch of the vein, the posterior auricular branch of the postauricular artery and vein, the preauricular branch of the auriculotemporal nerve, the posterior auricular branch of the lesser occipital nerve, and the auricular branch of the facial nerve.

[Function] Clear away heat and dispel wind, relieve spasm and relieve pain.

[Indications] ⑴ Stye ⑵ Eyelid granuloma ⑶ Eye burn ⑷ Acute conjunctivitis ⑸ Cellulitis ⑹ Acute lumbar sprain ⑺ Intractable insomnia ⑻ Oral herpes ⑼ Mumps

[ Acupuncture and moxibustion] Prick 0.3-0.5 inches down, or use a three-edged needle to prick for bleeding. Can be moxibustion

Functions of the Erjian point

1. The functions of the Erjian point are to calm the nerves, clear away heat and detoxify, purge fire, clear the brain and improve eyesight, activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis, reduce swelling and relieve pain, and cool the body. Blood relieves itching, anti-allergy, anti-inflammatory, anti-infection, etc.

Stimulation method of Erjian point

(1) Bloodletting therapy: Erjian point is often used to treat diseases by bloodletting and regulate the functions of viscera, thereby eliminating chloasma, acne and scars. printing purpose. Because of its simple method, small damage and less bleeding, good curative effect, and wide range of indications, it is easily used by beauticians.

1. Operation method: ① Massage the auricle to make it engorged, and disinfect the auricle skin regularly; ② Fix the top of the auricle with the left thumb and index finger, and hold the sterilized three-edged needle with the right thumb, index finger and middle finger. Quickly and accurately insert the tip of the ear to a depth of about 2 mm; ③Use the thumb and index finger of both hands to gently squeeze around the needle eye from bottom to top on the auricle. Bleed 3-5 drops depending on the customer's physical condition, and use sterilized dry cotton balls to absorb the blood. If the bleeding is still bleeding, use sterilized dry cotton balls to press and stop the bleeding for a while. No bandaging is needed. It will heal on its own after a while; ④ Treat the two ears alternately, depending on the customer's face. Depending on the severity of the skin problem, bloodletting should be done every other day or every 3-5 days.

2. Precautions: ① The acupuncture and bloodletting operation must be skillful, and the acupuncture should not be too deep to avoid excessive damage and pain; ② The amount of bloodletting is appropriate, not too much or too little, usually 3 -5 drops. People with obvious patches or pustular acne can bleed 5-10 drops; ③ Various bleeding diseases, such as hemophilia, essential thrombocytopenia, etc. should not use this method; ④ Pay attention to aseptic operation, To avoid skin infection.

Mechanism Discussion

Chinese people have long used the Erjian point to treat diseases. The application of ear tip bloodletting to treat skin problems is based on the functional characteristics of the Erjian point, and is also in line with the ancient Chinese "thorn pricking" therapy. principle.

1. The conduction function of meridians: There is an inseparable connection between the ears and the meridians of the human body. As early as the "Lingshu·Patterns of Evil Qi and Organ Diseases" in the Nei Jing, it is stated that "Twelve meridians, three hundred and sixty-five routes, all the blood and qi go up to the face and go through the empty orifices...the other qi goes to the ears for hearing." records. It shows that the communication and connection between the ear and the whole body are closely related, and the meridians are connected and communicated with each other. Therefore, the organs and tissues of the whole body are related to the corresponding parts of the auricle. The theory of bioholography further illustrates this problem. , Acupuncture and bloodletting have the effect of dispelling evil. Acupuncture at sharp points can stimulate menstrual qi, achieve the effect of strengthening and dispelling evil, dredging qi and blood, and harmonizing yin and yang. It can unblock the meridians and regulate qi and blood, thereby exerting the defensive function of meridian qi. Achieve the effect of preventing and treating diseases and whitening the skin.

2. Nerve feedback: From the perspective of modern medical neuroanatomy, the nerve distribution of the auricle is extremely rich. In addition to the greater auricular nerve and lesser occipital nerve from the body, there are also mixed branches of the trigeminal nerve, facial nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and vagus nerve from the cranial nerve, as well as sympathetic nerve fibers distributed on the walls of the blood vessels in the ear. The branches of these nerves overlap or anastomose each other, and some are intertwined into networks or nerve plexuses. The ear tip point is located on the top of the helix, where the branches of the auriculotemporal nerve, vagus nerve and glossopharyngeal nerve are distributed. After the needle is sharpened, the locally intersecting nerves and blood vessels are stimulated, stimulating the regulatory effect of the nerves, causing them to feed back to the relevant lesions, regulating endocrine, improving local blood circulation, and promoting the absorption of inflammation, thereby allowing the body to recover and remove stains. Diminishes, eliminates acne and its scars.

A total of 763 cases of febrile diseases such as mumps, acute tonsillitis, acute conjunctivitis, subcollar inflammation, persistent cold and fever were treated with light moxibustion on the ear tip point. Good results. Operation method: Take a piece of rush, dip it in a little sesame oil, light it and moxibustion it on the apex points of the ears on both sides or one side until you hear a "pop" sound. If there is no sound, the effect is not good. Use the sound as a measure once a day. Treatment results: Mumps: recovered (after 1 to 2 times of fire moxibustion, the body temperature dropped to normal in 1 to 3 days, the swelling and pain around the earlobe subsided significantly, and the symptoms disappeared) 641 seconds. Effective (the body temperature dropped after fire moxibustion, but was still higher than normal, and the swelling and pain around the earlobes were relieved) in 9 cases. Ineffective (the body temperature did not drop after fire moxibustion, and the swelling and pain around the earlobe did not disappear) in 2 cases.