Tips for landscape photography

Lead: What problems should be paid attention to and what skills should be mastered in the process of landscape photography? Now I'll share some tips on landscape photography with you, and friends should learn it quickly!

Tips for landscape photography 1. Flexible use of aperture

Generally speaking, landscape photography should capture the scenery from the foreground to the background very clearly. Compared with telephoto lens, wide-angle lens can shoot larger depth of field; Compared with a large aperture, a small aperture can shoot a larger depth of field, and accurate focusing is very important. As we all know, the smaller the aperture, the greater the depth of field and the clearer the part. Therefore, it is generally recommended to use a very small aperture, such as f/ 16 and f/22. But if the aperture is too small, it will damage the clarity of the image. Is this because of a name? Diffraction? Because of the optical effect.

Diffraction, in the simplest way, means that when light passes through the lens aperture, the edge of the lens aperture scatters light waves. The smaller the aperture, the greater the proportion of diffracted light of the recording light, and the less clear the image, resulting in less image details.

Generally speaking, you will start to see the diffraction effect in the following situations: the camera aperture of ASP-C size sensor is reduced to below f/ 1 1; The camera aperture of Quan Huafu sensor is reduced to below f/ 16.

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In order to illustrate the diffraction effect under different apertures, we show here that the focal length and overall exposure of a series of photos taken under f/8, f/1,f/ 16 and f/22 apertures remain unchanged, and the only change is the aperture size. The post-processing of these photos all use the same software and settings.

When the aperture is set to f/8, all the scenes in the photo are very clear, and the details of trees in the background are also good; When the aperture is f/ 1 1, the scene is clear, but the smaller the aperture is, the more unclear the image is and the details are not obvious with the increase of depth of field. This is an important problem in landscape photography, especially when making large-scale images. Does it look like this? Paste? Some plants damaged many photographers' digital landscape photos.

Second, understand the shutter

We discuss the choice of shutter by shooting water.

How to film the movement of water is a controversial issue. Some photographers like to capture water in a real way with high shutter speed? Coagulation? The movement of water. Others like to deliberately put water? Blurred? Create a sense of movement. These two technologies can produce good results in suitable occasions. It's important to choose between the two. If it is between the two, the water body is neither fuzzy nor clear, which often gives people a sense of disorder and unconsciousness.

If you want to stop the movement of the water body, you usually use the shutter speed of 1/500 seconds or higher. The exact shutter speed depends on the flow velocity of the water body.

Landscape photographers usually use a small aperture (large f/ number) to get enough depth of field, so that foreground and background details are in focus. In this way, it is usually necessary to adopt a relatively long exposure time, especially in poor lighting conditions.

Many photographers like to go to the other extreme and blur the running water with long exposure. One of the reasons is that, for the eyes of the viewer, this kind of? Blurred? The effect adds vitality and movement to the image, so it is more pleasing to the eye.

1/2 seconds exposure should be enough to achieve this effect, and a few seconds exposure will be better, so as to ensure a touching white and silky blur. For long exposure, the minimum aperture (generally f /22) should be used, and the ISO of the camera should be set to the lowest. At this point, if the shutter speed is not low enough, you need the help of a filter.

Third, the layout prospect

As we all know, the world is three-dimensional and photos are two-dimensional. One of the main reasons for the failure of landscape photography is that photos can't convey the sense of depth that our eyes see. Fortunately, we can also use some composition techniques to overcome this rather unpleasant little problem.

An effective way to create the depth of a photo is to take a strong foreground, usually with a wide-angle lens. Highlight the prospect in this way and create one for the eyes? Entry point? Pulling the viewer into the scene gives the photo a sense of distance and proportion, thus increasing the depth of the photo.

Wide-angle lens can achieve this effect because it can extend the viewing angle and exaggerate the components close to the lens, thus opening the distant scenery.

However, you should be careful, it will make the middle-distance scenery look empty and boring. One way to make up for it is to shoot from a low angle. This narrows the middle distance, so there won't be too many blanks in the composition. You also need to use a small aperture and focus carefully to achieve the maximum depth of field, so that the foreground and distant scenery are in focus.

Proper treatment: ox parsley and broom are attractive prospects, which can draw the attention of the viewer to the scene and form an appropriate framework for the distant scenery. The wide-angle lens and the small aperture of f/22 create a great depth of field.

Let's listen to how the famous landscape photographer Adam Burton sets the prospect:

It should be pointed out that my first concern is not the prospect, after all, the most important thing is the theme. But for me, the prospect is second only to the subject. So whenever I go out to take a landscape photo, I always find a shooting spot with many potential shooting opportunities. When I arrive at the venue, I will look around for the most attractive subject and the best shooting angle. Once you choose the shooting location, you begin to look for the future benefits. There are no ready-made rules about what kind of prospects you are interested in, but you always have to consider several factors. It is important to think carefully about what to include and not shoot what you can't see. I like landscape photography, so I always look for natural elements as my foreground rocks, flowers and water are the usual ingredients. I know these things can blend into the big picture in my mind. On the contrary, man-made objects will appear incongruous.

Try to squat down and get close to the foreground you want to take, and your photo will stand out! But also be careful not to drop too low, otherwise your prospects may be more prominent than your prospects, making your image out of balance. In the same way, your theme must be clean and concise, and the wonderful background will be submerged by the mixed prospects! Finally, it is also important to use a small aperture. Focusing on one third of the depth of the scene can give you a good depth of field. By doing these simple things, you can greatly improve the composition of your landscape image.

Fourth, know the color.

Color not only has visual impact, but also can express different emotional demands, stimulate different emotions and produce symbolic significance related to cultural background. Think about what the main colors in your image can do. Maybe you need to lighten or aggravate this color. Colors should be carefully considered when composing, lighting and using filters.

Red is a strong color, especially when it contrasts with a black background. Red is widely used as a warning or danger sign, which is hard to ignore. Red is the most powerful color in photography, which can attract people's attention, but it can also be a distracting color. If there is a little red dot in the landscape, for example, there is a red car, a red boat or a red mailbox in the distance.