Introduction of Princess Fang Yi in Tang Dynasty, was Princess Fang Yi beheaded?

Textual research of princess Fang Yi's life story, there are four kinds of history books:

Book of the Old Tang Dynasty (Volume 9) Chronicle of Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty Download: Seal the daughter of the eldest grandson Yang as a princess;

Tang Huidian, Volume 6, Princess, Zi Jian, Volume 2 15, Book House Yuan Gui, Volume 979: My niece was made a princess.

Tang Huidian (volume 96), Xi Xin Tang Shu (volume 219) and Xi Zhuan (Xi Zhuan) contain: Princess Yang Yifang was born in an imperial clan.

Book of the New Tang Dynasty, Volume 5, Biography of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, states that a young lady should be Princess Fang.

With regard to the first statement, Cui Mingde wrote in the History of Intimacy in Ancient China (hereinafter referred to as the History of Intimacy): "Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty was born in August of the first year of Hanggong (685), and March 6 of Tianbao four years (745)1year old. It is against common sense to have a married granddaughter at the age of 6/kloc-0. Therefore, the so-called "grandchild's daughter" is obviously the mistake of "granddaughter's daughter." By analogy, the so-called "grandson Yang's daughter" is obviously the fault of "granddaughter Yang".

"History of Intimacy") wrote: "It can be concluded that Princess Fang Yi is the daughter of Yang Shuo, the thirteenth patriotic princess of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty." "Princess Fang Yi: Married status: granddaughter of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty." "The biological father of the princess is Yang and the biological mother is Princess Weiguo."

Is Princess Yang the daughter of Princess Wei and Yang? The key point is that in March of the fourth year of Tianbao (745), when Princess Yang got married, Princess Weiguo asked Yang if she had a daughter to marry. In particular, the daughter who can write the poem "Xu Chi Tie Ti Ping" is earlier than "Chronicle of Death"?

"The Book of the New Tang Dynasty" Volume 83 "Biography of the Emperor Princess" contains: "The Princess of Weiguo began to seal Jianping. Married to Bing Lujian and married to Yang. When I was far away from town. "

"Tang Dou Lu Jian Epitaph" records: "The late Tang Dynasty doctor Yin Qing Guanglu, servant and captain, the founding father of Zhongshan County, enjoyed his life for thirty-nine years, and died in Jingshengye on March 24th. On August 12th, Yue was buried in Hongduyuan, Xianyang, and went first. ……"

From August 12th, the third year of Tianbao (744) to March, the fourth year of Tianbao (745), the interval is only half a year. Princess Weiguo and Yang said it was impossible to have children, and Yang, the daughter of Princess Weiguo, could not surrender to Li Yanchong, the music governor of Xirao!

There is no daughter Yang of Princess Weiguo, and no other granddaughter Yang can get married. Princess Yang's life experience has nothing to do with her granddaughter.

Regarding the second statement, after checking the Book of the New Tang Dynasty and Tang's article "Princess", there were 1 1 daughters, but no one married Yang, so the second statement was obviously wrong.

Regarding the third statement, the princess's granddaughter Yang and the princess's niece Yang were not found. Only Yang Guifei was found.

The Book of the New Tang Dynasty (Volume 2 19) and Biography of Xi: "Xin 'an King (Li) T paid 5,000 yuan to his leader Li Shisuo, and took his land as his country of refuge. Because of the worship of General Zuo Yulin and the governor of this state, he gave hundreds of silks, favoring his secluded state. After the death of Shi Li, his son turned around and rebelled with the Khitan, and was trapped in Youzhou by Zhang Shou. Yan Chong surrendered, paid homage to the satrap Rao Le and Huai, and married the imperial princess. "

"Tang Huidian" Volume 96 "Xi" contains: "Xin (Li) B sent Qiu. Return the land to Yizhou. Because Wang Shi. Poetry is dead. His son is spoiled and rebellious. Life trapped by you. Retreat. Feng Huai believes in Wang. Yang Yifang, the daughter of the royal family, is the wife of Princess Fang Yi. "

Book of the New Tang Dynasty, Volume 5, Biography of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty records: "In March of four years, I took Yang's daughter as a princess and married Li Tingchong, the governor of Xilaole."

It is recorded in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty (Volume 636), Biography of Four Yi People (Volume 2) and Xi (Volume 2 19).

The Biography of Princess Fang Yi was written in the fifty years of Qianlong (1785), which was based on the Book of the New Tang Dynasty and Biography of Xi. It is reasonable and thought-provoking.

The History of Intimacy and Intimacy also said: The History of Intimacy and Intimacy and the Identity Table of Married Minorities and Intimacy Princes in the Central Plains Dynasty listed the identity of Princess Yang as "imperial niece". The "imperial niece" is not a granddaughter or a niece, but an "imperial niece".

Princess Yang is not the daughter of Princess Weiguo, nor the granddaughter of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, but an imperial woman.

Speaking of Princess Fang Yi, I have to talk about her wedding country-Xi.

Xi, a nation that people seldom seem to mention, actually played an important role in northern China from Sui and Tang Dynasties to Liao Dynasty. In the early Tang Dynasty, it was even more valued than the Qidan nationality.

The Xi nationality and the Qidan nationality are of the same ancestry, and both are descendants of the Yuwen Department of Xianbei in those days. After being defeated by Tuoba Xianbei, he hid in the North Mountain of Daxian (now Daxing 'anling), lived by the Xilamulun River, came out of the mountain in the late Southern and Northern Dynasties, grew stronger and stronger, and later formed an independent nation. During the period of Wu Zetian, Li Jingye and Sun Wanrong, leaders of Qidan, led the uprising because they could not bear the oppression of local officials in the Tang Dynasty. After Li's dedication, Sun Wanrong led the uprising. Xi people began to follow the uprising, and were later bought by the Tang Dynasty and the Turks to attack the insurgents from behind. Yang, Tang (Zhou) army, attacked the Khitan army from the front, and the Khitan army was defeated. Its leader, Sun Wanrong, was declared as the capital. Wu Zetian took the matter of Kai Li Gu and Luo as a whole to attack the remaining party of Qidan, and made it even. Since then, Xi's power in the northeast frontier is greater than that of the Qidan nationality.

In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong called it "Tiankhan" and made many expeditions to Koguryo. Seeing the powerful influence of the Tang Dynasty, the two princes were successively merged, and the clan leader was given the national surname "Li". The fiefdoms were mainly on the banks of today's Xilamulun River, which is today's Chifeng area. In the Tang Dynasty, the "Raoyue House" was established in this area, with the leader of the Xi nationality as the governor, which was a real administrative government. However, driven by the incitement and interests of Turks, Xi people and Qidan people wavered between Turks and Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, Hugh Z defeated Xi, Hu Jie and Sanggan Turks in Dushu Mountain and gained a lot. In the Tang Dynasty, Wang Zhongsi defeated Xi Nuwa three times in Sanggan River and won the support of the masses.

In 732 AD, Li Jue, the grandson of Li Ke, the king of Xin 'an, was ordered to attack Xi. The mutiny was originally provoked by the Turks. Therefore, when the army drove to Horqin Grassland, Xi Chief Li Shisuo led 5,000 Li Shimin, expressing his willingness to submit to the Tang Dynasty and move to the mainland. Therefore, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty made Shi Li king, General Zuo Yulin and the prefect of Guiyi, and gave him 654.38 million+silver to move his tribe to Guiyi Prefecture on the border of Youzhou. Guiyifu, located in Changyang, Fangshan, Beijing, was originally the place where Silla (North Korea) Guiyifu was placed. At this time, Xi people were relocated.

This time, the submission is thorough. Not only are almost all the staff here, but the 5,000 accounts should have more than 50,000 people. Therefore, Rao Yuefu's * * * office department also moved here. Built at the foot of Dafang Mountain, this is Raolefu Village in Fangshan Town today.

After Li Shishuo succeeded, he sent his eldest son Li Yanchong (732-746) to the imperial court as a bodyguard. In fact, he was a "proton" and a hostage. After Li Shisuo died six years later, An Lushan asked the court to let Li Yanchong succeed him. The court agreed.

After Li Yanchong succeeded to the throne, he returned to the original hometown of Rao Yuefu, Xilamulun River. Soon, he joined forces with Qidan to resist the Tang Dynasty, and then fell under the siege of Zhang Shou in the Tang Dynasty.

Princess Fang Yi was not the first princess in the Tang Dynasty who had a close relationship with Xi. As early as Kaiyuan 7 17 and 724, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty married the leader Li from his niece (not a noble princess), Princess Xin of Gu 'an and Princess Wei of Dongguang.

Li Yanchong succeeded to the throne and went down to the Tang Dynasty, where he was named Governor of Raoyue Prefecture and King Huai Xin. Once again, he tried to win Xi's support by supporting democracy. In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), on March 24th, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty conferred the title of Princess Fang Yi on his granddaughter and married Li Yanchong.

When the pro-team arrived at Xuchi Post Office, Princess Fang Yi was heartbroken and wrote a poem on the wall of the post office, expressing her sad poem "Why is it heartbreaking? I hope to see Chang 'an in the future".

An Lushan invaded Xi and Qidan for many times to engage in border work, which led Xi to rebel and kill Princess Fang Yi.

After the Anshi Rebellion, the Khitan frontier fortress, Lee Jae-yong of the Tang Dynasty repelled the Khitan and captured the famous Khitan king. Liu Ji defeated Xi, chased Du Qingshan for more than 1000 miles and beheaded 20 thousand people. Zhang Zhongwu broke through the northern part of Xi and Shaanxi.

The historical records of tomb research show that Lujingling is a dangerous place. Therefore, it is located in Shang Ling Village, Hekou Township, 30 kilometers north of Lan County. Guangxu's "Shanxi Tongzhi": "Lujingling, six miles north of Lan County, is also in the valley. The west lacks horses, and the east is quiet. "

The conical hill not far from the ridge is called "Huanggu Grave" by the locals. Jin Peirong of Lan County Photography Association has visited Lujingling in Hekou Township of Lan County twice. The following is his inspection content:

This is a huge ancient tomb, located in the northeast facing southwest, with mountains on the east and valleys on three sides. The bottom circumference is about 70 meters and the height is about 6 meters. It is located alone in the head of Lujingling. As you can imagine, since the burial, the aunt has always turned her back to the east and has never seen the sunrise since. She can only face the west wind alone as always, waiting for the sunset for a long time, revealing a kind of sadness. Such a special location and environmental atmosphere are hard to understand! As the graveyard of the imperial aunt, why do you choose such a remote and desolate place? According to the investigation and historical records, it is speculated that this tomb may be the tomb of Princess Fang Yi in Tang Dynasty. The History of Song Dynasty recorded an ancient place name "Fang Yi County", which is now Lan County, obviously related to Princess Fang Yi. See the geography of the Song Dynasty for details: "There is a kite flying castle in Fang Yi County." Kite-flying Castle, also known as Ling and Ma, was closed in the Song Dynasty. Geography of Song Dynasty: "There is a kite flying castle in Fang Yi County." Chenghua's "Shanxi Tongzhi": "Feimaling Village, six miles north of Lan County. Three miles around the city, one foot two feet high. Hongwu guarded the west of the city for nine years. Now. " In the Song Dynasty, Zhao Xuan once held an important military position in Feiyuanbao, Lanzhou.

"Virtual Pool Sticking Screen" is the only public work of Princess Fang Yi, and it is also her last words for future generations. And "What happened to my heart? He is looking forward to Chang 'an. "This should also be a psychological portrayal of her standing in Lujingling, Fang Yi County, overlooking her hometown.

Historical Records Biography of Child Tongzhi Volume 2 15:

From Xuanzong to Emperor Daming, the great sage of Taoism, Tianbao lasted for four years (AD 745).

In March, Ren Shen married her eldest grandson, Dugu, as Jingle Princess, and Li Huaijie, King of Qidan. My nephew Yang is a princess and married Wang Liyanchong.

......

An Lushan wanted to attack the city with edge work and invaded Xi and Qidan several times; Xi, Qidan each killed the princess to rebel, and Lushan tried to break it.

Book of the Old Tang Dynasty Volume 9 Chronicle of Xuanzong;

In the spring of four years, Shen Jia gave a banquet in Qin Zheng Building. Ren Shen, the daughter of the eldest grandson, named Princess Jingle, surrendered to Li Huaijie, commander-in-chief of the late Song Dynasty in Qidan. Grandson Yang's daughter was made a princess, and Li Yanchong, commander-in-chief of Xiwai Music, was released. Autumn and August, the book is too true, with Yang Weigui. In September, floods occurred in 8 counties including Suiyang, Huaiyang and Qiaocheng in Henan Province. In September, Khitan and Sheikh Xi each killed the princess and rebelled against the tribe.

Tang Huidian Volume 6 and Princess Fan

Honghua (Princess Honghua). In November of the thirteenth year of Zhenguan, the imperial clan girl. Murong Zhuge put down the Tujia soul bowl. Wencheng (Princess Wencheng). Imperial clan girl, this is the fifteenth day of the first month of the fifteenth year of Zhenguan. It fell to Tubo Zambon Nong Zan (Songzan Gambu). I ordered King Jiangxia to send it. Yes, welcome to Heyuan. See the king. As a son-in-law, it is an honor to lament the beauty of dress etiquette. Pitching has a falling color. It is said that you are very close. My grandfather never married a big country. Today I want to be Princess Datang. When building a city. Show off to others. Or for the chief's children. Please enter Chinese studies. To learn poetry. From it. Jincheng (Princess Jincheng). Wang Yong Li Shouli (Li Shouli) female. April 14, the third year of Shenlong. Fall on the three treasures of Tubo. Guo Ning (Princess Guo Ning). Gan Yuan, the daughter of Su Zong, lived on July 17th of the first year. Uighurs are brave and powerful. They stay away from Gay Khan. Set up the Princess House. August 23rd, two years. Self-discipline. To April 12, Zhenyuan five years. Tell me about the princess's house. Home city department. Yongle (Princess Yongle). The imperial clan girl kaiyuan twenty-five years on November 3. The king of Songmo County in Qidan was defeated. Yan Jun (Princess Yan Jun). Princess Murong of Yuyao. In the fifteenth year of Kaiyuan, May 19th was a leap. Li Yan (Li Yan), King of Songmo County in Qidan. Gu 'an (Princess Gu 'an). My niece, Xin Shi. In February of the fifth year of Kaiyuan. Li Dating, the leader who surrendered to Xi, was sentenced to eight years. Big t committed suicide. * * * Li is mainly (Li). Still take the princess as his wife. Semejer, an official of Lu Su, murdered Su Ru. Return to Turkey. The princess knew it in secret. Then seduce and kill it. Credit your achievements to yourself. Appreciate it. The princess's first mother was jealous of the Lord's honor. It is said that the cloud master is an ordinary person. Please don't marry Su Ru because you were born. Anger. Is divorce. Dongguang (Princess Dongguang). Princess Cheng 'an's daughter Webster. Rusu, the leader of Xiaxi. Jiaohe (Jiaohe Princess). The tenth surname is Khan Ashna, a Taoist woman. December of the fifth year of Kaiyuan. Come out and ride Khan Sulu. He Yi (Princess He Yi). The imperial clan girl Tianbao was born on December 14th, three years ago. King Fenghua of Ningguo. Jingle (Jingle Princess). March 14th, Tianbao four years. Dugu sealed his niece. Li Huaijie, commander-in-chief of Songmo, Huai Shun Wang. Fang Yi (Princess Fang Yi). Niece Yang. March 14th, Tianbao four years. Li Yanchong, Chu Huaiwang, Governor Rao Le. Hui Chong (Princess Hui Chong). Pugu Wynn's daughter. May 24th, four years in Dali. Out of the Uighur Khan. Xian 'an (Princess Xian 'an). Dezong's daughter. Zhenyuan four years in October. I kissed Khan when I came out of Uighur. The 26th of this month. Set up Princess Xian 'an House. The future prince. Taihe (Princess Taihe). Xian zong's daughter Changqing in February of the first year. Out of Uighur Chongde Khan.

There is a poem written by Princess Fang Yi when she passed the Xuchi Post Station when she got married in The Complete Poem of the Tang Dynasty. Her story will be told forever.

Volume 7 _ 1: "Princess Bendou Lushi is a talented girl. After four years of Tianbao, Xi has no master. An Lushan asked him to be a proton and a princess. I sent a messenger from China to Xuchi Station to write a sad poem. "

Volume 7_ 1 Virtual Pool Post Title Screen

It is difficult to get married and leave home. Sheng En Zhou came from afar and wept at each other.

Powder remains on the surface of sand plug, edges and corners. What happened to my heart? He is looking forward to Chang 'an.