How does the studio make photo lighting?

Lighting technology commonly used in portrait photography in indoor studio

The lighting equipment of portrait studio can be generally divided into two types: flash lamp with instantaneous light and quartz lamp with continuous light. Flash flash is the most basic and commonly used equipment in the studio, which belongs to normal shooting. Its light source is fleeting, and the negative can be exposed in an instant, so it is also called "instantaneous light". The brightness of the theme light can be directly observed through the analog light set inside the flash. It is quite convenient to take pictures, with a color temperature of about 5400K, which is the most basic equipment in the studio.

Continuous light quartz lamp light source is used to shoot warm colors or details with slow sensitivity. Its light source belongs to a continuous luminous body, so it can get more detailed colors through slow exposure, which is contrary to the flash light source. It's just that this type of lamp consumes a lot of electricity and is easy to generate heat, and its color temperature is warm yellow at 3200 K. Because it emits light continuously, it is the main light source when shooting dynamic films such as movies. If you want to get the normal color temperature of 5400K, you can use C 12 blue filter to correct it.

The lighting equipment in the studio, whether it is a flash or a quartz lamp, is not lit by a single lamp. In general photography, in order to make the light-dark ratio of the photo picture perfect, the studio uses a variety of lights for lighting, so it is necessary to plan a variety of lights to combine, and the effect is perfect. The function and effect of each lamp can be seen in the following concise list.

A concise list of names and functions when lighting and lighting are combined in a studio.

Name retouching function

1. The main light illuminates the brightest part of the subject, which is the most important light source in photography.

2. The auxiliary light is used to fill the dark part of the theme, and the auxiliary light source is used to adjust the light ratio when controlling the light ratio.

3. Background light is one of the effect lights, so it is necessary to brighten the background area, otherwise the theme and background will lack the sense of light field and layering, and will produce background shadows.

4. Lighting is one of the effect light, which separates the hair from the dark background, but it is not applicable when the background is light.

5. Concentrate the theme light of the background light of the effect light to create a strong light effect. If you insert a special shape insert, you can get different shapes of light and shadow effects, which are often used to make background light and shadow.

6. Other effect lights Effect lights include effect lights, such as "background light", which highlights the outline of the theme. Skills and functions depend on the photographer's needs.

When lighting, in order to improve the light quality and color of each light, such as changing direct light into scattered light or condensing light, auxiliary equipment of lighting can be used, such as using reflective umbrella and shadowless cover. Four-leaf shutters and other equipment to change different light quality. Its key equipment and functions are as follows.

(1) Reflective umbrella: The reflective umbrella is installed in front of the lamp, and the naked light (light without any shielding) is converted into jumping light (light with reflector) by using the anti-knock function of this umbrella. This form of lighting method makes the light quality become the property of scattered light, thus obtaining softer light quality. Usually installed on auxiliary lights or main lights. Its material is silver or white, but white is more commonly used and the light quality is softer.

(2) Shadowless hood: Shadowless hood is the simplest and most direct scattering light conversion device. Its function is to make a translucent white cloth into a lampshade and cover it directly on the lamp holder. The direct light will diffuse into the light quality of scattered light after passing through this cloth cover, and the operation is simple and convenient. It is the most important and widely used equipment to change the light quality in the studio. Commonly used for main lights or auxiliary lights, the sizes are large and small, and can be purchased according to the photographer's shooting purpose.

(3) Sharp nose mask: It is a device with the opposite function to shadowless mask. When the funnel-shaped cylinder similar to the pig's mouth is installed in front of the lamp holder, it will guide the light of the naked lamp to the light projection place more intensively, forming a spotlight state, and it is the most commonly used light guide device for lighting and spotlight effect.

(4) Four-leaf shutter: This is a multifunctional device. Its shape is a cover composed of four movable shields, which can get a large or small range of illumination according to the size and aperture of the blade, and it is the best creative equipment to change the illumination range. You can also use its jack to insert any color film to get color light with changed colors. Easy to operate, it is an important multifunctional device, which is often used to change the background light.

(5) Color film and other accessories: Color film is a kind of color transparent film that can change the color of light. It is made of plastic, and photographers can change it according to their own preferences. In addition, there are dimming materials such as tracing paper. You can refer to the instructions of various material manufacturers and make full use of the photographer's photography content to achieve different lighting design effects.