Noun explanation: 1. Vagrant novels; 2. The devil sent three poets; 3. "Newcomer" image; 4. "Tough guy" character.

1. The tramp novel "Negative Protest Literature" is a unique novel popular in Spanish literary circles in the middle of16th century. The appearance of this novel is related to the civic literature in the Middle Ages. It mainly describes the life of the urban underclass, observes and analyzes all kinds of ugly phenomena in society from the perspective of the urban underclass, and widely reflects the social life at that time in the form of logistics history, humorous style and concise and fluent language, which has certain ideological and artistic value. Most of its protagonists are born in poverty, some are orphans and illegitimate children, and their childhood and adolescent life are often unfortunate. They generally maintained a naive, lovely and compassionate character in their early years. However, once they leave home and join the society, they feel unable to adapt, so in order to survive, they have to learn to kiss up, chop people, lie and cheat, and many of them are eventually assimilated by society and become degenerates or cunning and shameless people. Works usually describe their unfortunate fate, but they also describe their deception, theft and various practical jokes forced by life, showing their passive resistance. With the hero's mouth, the work criticizes the current politics and points directly at Chen's abuses, so that readers can sigh the injustice of the world and the hardships of life while laughing heartily.

2. Devil poets are British romantic poets Byron and Shelley. Because Byron criticized the conservative position of Hunan poets, Southey called Byron and Shelley "demons". This title has always been used in the history of English literature, symbolizing a fighter who actively resists reality. Different from Huxiang poets, the devils always adhered to the ideal of democracy and freedom, sympathized with the French Revolution, opposed tyranny and supported the liberation struggle of the oppressed nations. They affirmed the social function and educational significance of literature, wrote poems full of revolutionary passion, and enriched the form and meter of poetry.

3. The so-called "newcomer" image is the artistic image of civilian intellectuals with democratic ideological tendency in Russian literature in the middle of19th century. Russian aristocratic intellectuals are gradually replaced by civilian intellectuals, and the image of "new people" in literature replaces the image of "redundant people"; The so-called "newcomers" refer to ordinary intellectuals with humble origins, revolutionary ideals, solid actions and respect for friendship and love. Turgenev, Chernyshevski and others created many typical "new people".

4. "Tough guy character"? In the 20th century, Hemingway, an American novelist, created a series of characters who struggled in confusion. These roles include matador, boxer, hunter, fisherman and so on. Their personality characteristics are indomitable and unyielding. They all show calm willpower in the face of violence, death and unchangeable fate, and safeguard human dignity and courage. Santiago, the hero in The Old Man and the Sea, is a tough guy in Hemingway's works.