Introduction to the Basic Principles of Marxism (II) Resume of Knowledge Points

First one? Saving the material world and practice

The world is material.

1. The meaning and significance of matter Lenin's short answer

Meaning: Matter does not depend on our feelings? Existence? It can be copied, photographed and reflected through sensory perception. Characterized by objective reality.

Meaning:

(1) It points out that matter is an objective reality independent of consciousness. Doctrine draws a clear line.

(2) it points out that the material can be what? What we know has drawn a line with agnosticism.

(3) What does it point out is objective reality? Cutting the essence of matter overcomes the limitations of the old materialist view of matter.

2. Basic problems of philosophy: the relationship between matter and consciousness, and the relationship between thinking and existence.

What is the nature of the world, matter and consciousness? Sexual problems-materialism and materialism?

Can the world be known, thought and existed? Sexual problems-knowable and unknowable

Dialectical materialism and historical materialism are thorough materialism? Meta-theory,

The basic idea is: short answer.

First, recognize the unity of the world, adhere to monism and oppose dualism.

Second, we believe that the world is unified materially, adhere to materialism monism and oppose idealism monism.

Thirdly, it is considered that the world is the unity of movement and infinite diversity, which overcomes the limitation of old materialism that the origin of the world is attributed to one or several specific material forms.

3. The fundamental nature and existence of matter? Formulas are inherent properties of motion.

The connection between motion and stillness is that there is stillness in motion and movement in stillness. This is materialist dialectics, and there are two wrong tendencies-relativism sophistry, which only recognizes movement and denies relative stillness; Absolute stillness, denying the metaphysics of motion.

Denying that matter is the subject of motion: just?

Matter that advocates immobile motion: shape? go to school

4. Is matter in absolute motion or relatively static? System?

Relatively quiet? It is a special state of motion.

5. How does the world exist (state of existence)

Exercise, contact,? Shield-dialectics

Quiet? Lonely? , deny it? Shield? go to school

6. Is time and space the existence of material movement? style

Time continuity, sequence? Answer? Irreversible. measure

For example, "Don't come back in the prime of life. Difficult in the morning. "

Space-? Extensibility and extensibility? Wide? Determine space-three dimensions

Time and space are absolute. Limited, Is relative and limited. This is? Dialectical materialism viewpoint.

This world is realistic.

1. The concept of practice: Practice is an objective material activity in which the subject actively transforms and explores the object.

2. The basic form of practice:

Does it matter? Production practice is the most basic practical scientific experiment to deal with social relations.

3. Characteristics of practice: ① Objectivity. Practice is an objective perceptual material activity. ②? Feel active. Practice is the consciousness and existence of the subject. Activities. ③ Social historicity. Practice is a social and historical activity.

4. Social life is essentially a short answer to practice.

(1) What is labor practice? Class and? Social production? The decisive link.

(2) Material? What is the production practice? The foundation of quasi-social existence.

(3) Is practical activity the driving force to promote social development? . So practice is society? The essence of being alive.

5.？ Marxism and old materialism and Wei? The fundamental difference of ism lies in whether to adhere to: the viewpoint of practice

? First one? Universal connection and eternal development of the material world

Materialist dialectics? Characteristic connection

1. Simple answer to the meaning of contact

The interaction between things and the elements inside things? And mutual restraint.

2. A simple answer to contact characteristics

Objectivity: the thing itself is inherent, not based on? Willing to transfer.

② Universality: Nothing is lonely? The earth exists, and everything is interrelated with other things. What is the whole world? An interrelated whole

③ Diversity: all kinds of connections.

Materialist dialectics? Characteristic development

The world is not a collection of established things, but a collection of processes. -Engels materialist dialectics

1. A brief answer to the meaning of development

The process of new things replacing old things: sinking? On the Qian Fan side, there are thousands of diseased trees ahead. spring

2. Simply answer the reason why new things will inevitably overcome old things.

(1) trend. New things conform to the inevitable trend (root, sign) of the development of things.

Superior. New things are better than old things.

③? New things meet the interests and requirements of the masses and can be supported by the masses? keep

3. Two kinds, right? Development view of

Connection+Development-Dialectics

Lonely? +Quiet? -Shape? go to school

Three? Legal rights? Unification? Law (? Law of shield)

1. Meaning. What is that? The law of shield, everything contains? Shield? Shield double? Both unity and struggle, thus promoting the movement, change and development of things.

2.？ Basic attributes of shield:? Competition and similarity? Sexual rights? Unification?

? Fight ~ ~? Controversial ~ ~ mutual exclusion

Unification? ~ ~ the same? Sexual interdependence and transformation

3. Internal and external reasons

Inside? Shielding-internal cause-foundation

External? Masking-External Cause-Condition

4. Briefly discuss the dialectical relationship between internal and external causes.

Internal cause is the basis of the development and change of things.

② External factors are the conditions for the development and change of things.

③ External causes pass through internal causes? Do it?