What lens does the novice use? Choose the right lens to take pictures.

As a beginner in photography, photography has a lot to learn. First of all, you should know what lens beginners use. How to choose the lens that suits you? A good lens is a necessary weapon to take a good photo. Before looking at the photographic lens, let's look at the relevant knowledge about the lens.

What is light transmittance?

What lens does the novice use?

In photography forums and professional literature, "high-speed lenses" are often mentioned, referring to those lenses that can adjust the aperture in a wide range. The smaller the aperture value, the greater the transmittance of the lens. You will find a series of numbers on the camera lens, which represent the light transmittance of the lens. For example, the number on the zoom lens is: 28-135 mm1:3.5-5.6.

On each lens, you can read its maximum aperture value.

This string of numbers means that if the focal length of the zoom lens is set to 28 mm, the maximum aperture (that is, the aperture value f 3.5) can be used when shooting; If the focal length of the lens is set to 135 mm, the maximum aperture that can be used for shooting is relatively small (aperture value f5.6).

You can read the maximum aperture of each lens.

For example, a zoom high-speed lens will have such a value: 28-80 mm 1:2.8. This means that no matter which value you set the lens focal length between 28 and 80 mm, you can use the aperture value f2.8 when shooting. The smaller the number after "1:", the more composition choices you have. However, greater light transmittance does not necessarily mean higher optical shooting quality. However, if you shoot with a lens with high transmittance, you can still set the exposure time shorter without increasing the sensitivity in the case of weak light. In addition, using this lens, it is easier to make the main theme stand out from the blurred foreground and background. However, this kind of lens also has disadvantages. It is bigger, heavier and more expensive than ordinary (low transmittance) lenses.

Tip: The beauty of the blurred area in the photo is determined by the lens. The technical term is "Sanjing", which comes from Japanese. Lens lens refers not to the blur degree of the photo, but to the shape of the blurred area. When shooting with a fixed-focus high-speed lens, the relative aperture of the aperture will be relatively large, so the defocus is completely different from that under a zoom lens. Professional photographers can judge how big the aperture of this photo is according to the shape characteristics of glare.

What is the focal length conversion factor?

When we talk about camera lens, we often mention the focal length conversion coefficient. In fact, it is more appropriate to call it frame coefficient or cropping coefficient, because the focal length conversion coefficient is also mentioned in other aspects of photography. So what exactly do these words mean?

What is the focal length conversion factor?

Using a smaller sensor does not change the focal length of the lens, and its image angle is smaller than that of a larger sensor. This creates the illusion that the shooting focal length becomes longer-so we sometimes use the concept of "focal length conversion".

The image sensor of most types of SLR cameras is smaller than the previous Quan Huafu format (24 mm× 36 mm). According to their size, they are called APS-C or APS-H sensors, which is to distinguish them from sensors in Quan Huafu format. Despite this difference, the lens of many film cameras can also be used on the body of digital cameras. For example, if you put an old wide-angle lens with a focal length of 28 mm on a SLR digital camera, the final photo doesn't look like it was taken with a lens with a focal length of 28 mm, because it can't produce a wide-angle effect. The reason why this happens is that the effect of photos no longer depends on the actual change of focal length, but on the cutting of the picture by the small photosensitive element on the digital camera.

The frame coefficient of the so-called Quan Huafu sensor is 1, and the imaging type of the old lens (the lens of the film camera) on this new digital camera is the same as that on the previous film camera. For cameras with small sensors, the frame coefficient can reach above 1.2 ~ 1.8 according to the size of the sensor. If you want to know the imaging characteristics of the old lens used in the new digital camera, you can use the frame coefficient to calculate it. When shooting with a wide-angle lens, the disadvantages that affect the shooting effect become advantages in the case of long focal length: the frame factor of 1.8, and the general lens with a focal length of 300 mm will become a great super telephoto lens with a focal length of 540 mm

If you want to equip your camera with Quan Huafu sensors, you should pay special attention when buying lenses. Not all new lenses can be installed on Quan Huafu's cameras, because they are now more suitable for smaller sensors.

Wide angle zoom lens

A wide-angle zoom lens suitable for a SLR digital camera with a small sensor can't be installed on a camera with a Quan Huafu frame sensor, because it can't take into account the whole image angle area. When the focal length of the zoom lens is set to 12-20mm, the photo looks like this-it doesn't work at all.

To know whether a lens is designed for a smaller APS-C/H sensor or a Quan Huafu sensor, we can see it from its special production model logo. Canon EOS digital camera can use Canon lens with EF bayonet and matching lens produced by third-party manufacturers. Canon EF-S lens is developed to adapt to EOS 300D smaller sensor (APS-C). In order to be compatible with this lens, EOS cameras with APS-C format sensors have new lens bayonets since EOS 300D. Nikon's DX lens is specially designed for digital sensors in Nikon DX format. If you are interested in a lens, you can look for hints in its product manual to see which size sensor it is suitable for.

Lens classification

Until 30 years ago, SLR cameras were sold with so-called standard lenses. At that time, the focal length of the lens was 50 mm At present, the lens with shorter focal length is called wide-angle lens, the lens with longer focal length is called telephoto lens, and the lens with focal length over 300 mm is called super telephoto lens. In addition, there are special shots, such as macro shots suitable for close-ups, or shift-axis shots mainly used for shooting buildings-by adjusting different perspectives, the influence of diagonal lines (i.e. perspective deformation) of buildings on photos can be overcome.

Macro lens shooting

Macro lens shooting: This photo was shot with a macro lens with a focal length of100 mm. In order to prevent shooting jitter, the exposure time must be controlled within1100 seconds. When shooting with a macro lens, the depth of field will be very shallow. If you want to make a clear image of most areas of the main theme, you must adjust the aperture very small.

Beautiful portrait

Whether in the studio or outdoors, if the focal length is adjusted to more than 50 mm, beautiful portraits will be taken. The old standard lens installed on the digital camera acts like a medium telephoto lens with a focal length of about 80 mm (according to the focal length conversion factor)-very suitable for taking portrait photos. Using this focal length can make the model's face realistic, while the background will blur or even disappear. In this way, there will be no interference factors, which will distract the viewer from the primary theme.

Take an unusual architectural appearance

Wide-angle lens can shoot many things, of course, it may also shoot unusual architectural appearance: shooting directly from bottom to top with wide-angle lens will not only make the photo appear diagonal lines, but also completely distort the imaging of the primary theme.

Stay as close to the topic as possible.

As close as possible to the primary theme without affecting the primary theme-telephoto lens can do this.

Portrait photography

This photo was taken with a wide-angle lens, and the focal length was 20 mm The cutting factor of 1.6 weakened the wide-angle effect and made the focal length 32 mm. But this focal length is still too short for portrait photography, and the subject's face looks a little distorted.

Sports photography can only be interesting through relatively compact framing. But in order to capture the athletes' movements perfectly, it needs a quiet background and a correct shooting angle. Although the framing and definition of this photo are correct, a good high jump photo must capture the moment when the athlete crosses the beam. It is not enough to shoot with a lens with a focal length of 300 mm, and a focal length of 500 mm or longer is the ideal focal length.

Closer to the theme

Under the standard configuration, macro photography with a portable camera is closer to the theme than with a SLR camera. Because of its portable manufacturing method, the clear area of photos will be completely different from that of SLR cameras.

What kind of lens do you need?

One of the great benefits of using a zoom lens is that you can shoot in almost all scenes. You don't have to spend a lot of time replacing the lens. More importantly, you avoid bringing a small amount of dust into the camera when replacing the lens. The zoom lens is light and easy to carry, so you can take it with you when you are on vacation. It can be used in any shooting scene you can think of at any time.

So far, the imaging quality of zoom lens is not as good as that of fixed focus lens. However, if you only shoot a general subject and the requirements for photos are not very high, then the portability of the zoom lens can completely offset the lack of imaging quality. When buying a camera, you don't need to buy the standard lens equipped with the camera body, because most of these lenses have a narrow zoom range and poor light transmittance (1:5.6 or 1:8). You'd better pay more money and buy a zoom lens with higher light transmittance (1:3.5 or 1:4.5).

How to choose the lens that suits you?

If your budget is limited, you can consider buying an ordinary camera with a more advanced lens. Because usually, the body of a digital camera is worthless after two or three years, but a good lens can continue to be used in the next camera. Of course, what kind of lens you should buy depends on what subject you like to shoot (please refer to the table below). The values given in the table are only approximate, because if you are close to the target, you can use a focal length shorter than 300 mm, or in some cases, you may use a super telephoto lens to take special architectural photos. The longer the focal length of the lens, the more room for composition when shooting. But it is meaningless to expect a large lens that can cover the whole focal length range (12 ~ 1500mm) unless you are really too lazy to change the lens.

In most shooting scenes, it is enough for a lens to have a zoom range from wide angle to medium telephoto, such as 18 ~ 125mm. If you want to shoot scenes beyond this range, you need to add zoom lenses, such as lenses with a focal length range of 100 ~ 300 mm or 40 ~ 800 mm. Please buy lenses with a focal length range that can shoot the most common themes, and then slowly add "heterogeneous" lenses to supplement your equipment library.

Misunderstanding of lens selection

Choosing a lens depends on the demand first, not asking about the price and which is better. The most common question I receive every day is: Which lens should I choose? Or which lens is better? First of all, it is a misunderstanding to compare lenses like this. Choosing lenses depends on two factors, one is your own needs, which is the most important. What you need to shoot before choosing what kind of lens. The second is to look at the price, which options meet your needs within the price range you can afford. So rational planning will be clearer.

Misunderstanding of lens selection

Therefore, choosing a lens can't be as simple as comparing the prices of goods. If you agree with someone, it must be good. Many so-called "magic mirrors" boasted online in the forum are sometimes really used, and they are not so fantastic. Some degraded lenses are really used, and they are not that bad, which is quite cost-effective. Some of those remarks are true, and some are behind the scenes and the water army. This must be clear, and it is very important to learn to distinguish rationally.

If you are a beginner and know nothing about it, it doesn't matter. Ask the good people around you. Don't ask me which one to buy directly, learn to ask: what do I want to shoot? Then what is my budget range, and then which one do you suggest I buy? Give me two choices. If you ask such a question, it will be easy for your old bird friends to make a rational analysis that suits you.

How to choose the lens that suits you?

As I said before, choosing a lens is nothing more than two ironclad truths: one is to look at the demand, and the other is to look at the price.

There are three main types of demand: one is portrait demand. Many people buy cameras just to take pictures of their sisters or family members. If this is the main demand, large aperture fixed focus is the best choice. Although some people think that wide angle can also be used for portraits, it is always necessary to fix the focus with a large aperture. This kind of lens can range from 35 focal length to 50 focal length and then to 85 focal length. Beginners suggest choosing 50 focal length, which is the standard lens to start shooting. I always recommend this focal length whether you are in APS or Quan Huafu. Good use of standard lenses is the basis of all lenses. I have used a 50 1.4D camera for five or six years and have taken many portraits of literati with good themes. I never think that this lens with more than 1000 yuan is not good enough. Don't be disturbed by gossip for various purposes. This 1000 yuan lens doesn't work well, and 10000 yuan doesn't necessarily work well. As for other options, 35 or 85 depends on personal economic conditions and preferences. This depends on your own practice in the future and then consider it yourself.

How to choose the lens that suits you?

The second is landscape photography: many people will say that the landscape is wide-angle, which is not wrong. Landscape photography needs a wide angle. Personally, I like landscape photography with two focal lengths, one is 20 focal length and the other is 85 focal length. Needless to say, the former is a standard wide-angle focal length. Some people will ask the latter, isn't 85 a portrait photographer? Yes, 85 is just that many people position him as a portrait lens. But the manufacturer didn't say whether it was a portrait lens or a human lens. I quite like the photo of the corner of the small landscape published in 1985. I suggest that beginners break the rules set by predecessors and break the inherent thinking, so as to learn to shoot the scenery in your heart and your own spiritual world.

Some people will say, shouldn't we choose an ultra-wide focal length like 14 or 16? I can choose this, but it's only my personal preference. I really don't like things with this kind of impact. I prefer fine products and good photos with good resistance under peaceful visual experience. If you only rely on visual tension to shoot, in fact, anyone can shoot, which more reflects the ability of the lens itself and lacks the human component. I have never liked being squeezed out of my personality by lens tools in photos. Of course, this is my personal experience and I only share it with my friends.

Why are all the lenses recommended for beginners fixed focus?

The most common problem that beginners in photography make in composition is "greed", that is, they want to shoot everything and make the world as visible as possible, which often leads to three works with full pictures, no theme, no hierarchy and no thoughts. I often advise friends who play photography around me to take an extra lens for long-distance travel and go out to sweep the streets on weekdays. It's best to only take a fixed focus when taking pictures. Everyone's vision and thoughts are limited, and it is difficult to express what they see and understand perfectly and to the extreme. As for the rest, you can really give up. At a shallow level, this is a matter of composition and photography choice. When it rises to a higher level, it is more a matter of mentality.

Why are all the lenses recommended for beginners fixed focus?

Personally, I have always felt that friends in the photography circle often can't really settle down when learning photography. There will always be some blind obedience, comparison, follow the trend, or equipment, or shooting themes. Of course, from the perspective of human nature, this is human nature, and everyone's original intention of playing photography is different and beyond reproach. And I have come all the way from that mentality, but I always want to share some of my experiences as much as possible. I hope everyone will take fewer detours and make more progress. After all, regardless of the reasons for playing photography, in order to make a good film with color, thought and artistic conception, the purpose is always the same.

When I went out to sweep the street, I saw many things. If I only bring a fixed focus, maybe I can cultivate my mind slowly. Just think about how this lens in your hand can exert its greatest power and characteristics and shoot the most suitable and unique works. I won't think about whether I am suitable for hanging a camera. No, change to another one. I missed the best shooting opportunity after changing, and I still don't know which one is suitable for me. Long-term use of fixed focus will naturally form a habit. When shooting, I will concentrate on shooting and make good use of the equipment in my hand. You won't think too much, and your heart will really settle down, which means people can concentrate more on thinking about the shooting content and expressing their ideas, instead of being distracted to think about whether more equipment is suitable. I think the level of movies will naturally improve a lot.

Sure, let's stop here. Everyone is used to fixing the focus and choosing according to their own preferences. There is no law. I have never understood why someone always defines each shot, what 35 is suitable for shooting, what 50 is suitable for shooting, and so on. Is this definition too formulaic and modular? Photography itself is a world where the Eight Immortals cross the ocean and lead the way. Not all kinds of experts can break this routine and take photos of different styles. Therefore, on the road of photography learning, don't set a set for yourself or define yourself prematurely. The experience of predecessors is worth learning, but it is not the only criterion of truth. Our younger generation started on the road of our predecessors, but in order to go further, can we try to break some thinking patterns? After all, the praise for good works is the same, but the technical standards are never the same.

Summary:

As for technical advantages, there are actually many on the Internet, such as good image quality, stable color, larger aperture and so on. My platitudes are nothing new, and there will be many such articles about hummingbirds. Of course, fixed focus can't be everything, and insisting on using fixed focus is only for friends who are determined to take pictures. If you just shoot casually, you don't have to regard photography as an accessory to travel, but it is convenient. Everyone's situation is different and their purpose is different. All discussions are just references, and there is no absolute authority, and there is no absolute miss. It is always good to use it at the right time.

What lens does the novice use? Recommend five SLR premium lenses suitable for beginners

Canon 10- 18mm wide-angle lens

1, completely surpassing Canon's 10- 18mm wide-angle lens.

If you don't know how to shoot scenery, composition and view, put on a wide-angle lens and shoot it all. EF-S10-18 mm f/4.5-5.6 ISTM, this lens is converted into 35mm specifications, which is equivalent to the viewing angle of 16-29 mm. It is a high-quality portable wide-angle zoom lens. At present, the price of this lens has fallen below 2000 yuan, which is a good time to start.

Friends who love shooting scenery must be eager to have a wider wide angle, especially those who use APS-C format. Because of the format, it is not easy to find a reliable ultra-wide angle. Canon EF-S10-18 mm f/4.5-5.6 ISTM fully considers the pain points of friends in APS-C format, has an ultra-wide viewing angle equivalent to 16 mm, weighs only 240g g, and the caliber of 67mm can be the same as18-/klm.

Canon 10- 18mm wide-angle lens photo effect.

Under the wide angle, we can see more scenes that are difficult to capture by ordinary lenses, and we can integrate the whole scene into the painting, presenting a shocking and wide picture. In addition, the wide-angle lens can also increase the perspective of the space and make the original ordinary scenery more impactful.

Editorial point of view

Canon 10- 18 obviously surpasses the lens of the sub-factory in terms of focal length, anti-shake, price, volume and weight. Except for the lens like Tuli 1 1- 16, it can be dealt with with with a large aperture, but in terms of wide-angle small aperture imaging and universality of focal length, everyone is most concerned. EF-S 10- 18 is a Canon APS-C wide-angle lens recommended by the author. Whether it's an entry-level fuselage like 1200D or a 10,000-yuan 7D II, it's a cost-effective choice for Canon's half-frame wide-angle lens!

Recommended lens for beginners of photography: Nikon 35/F 1.8g DX is the first choice for DX to hang up and focus.

2. Nikon 35/F 1.8g DX is the first choice for DX coke hanging.

Nikon AF-S DX 35mm f/ 1.8G lens is a fixed-focus lens, with seven circular apertures. At the maximum aperture of F 1.8, it can shoot a dizzying and feminine Jiao Wai effect. When the light is not good, but you want to use ambient light, the advantages of this large aperture lens come into play. The price of Nikon AF-S DX 35mm f/ 1.8G lens is around 1200 yuan, which does not pose any pressure for our entry-level users.

Nikon 35/F 1.8g DX photo effect

Editor's point of view:

The 35/F 1.8g DX lens released at the same time as D90 is not particularly new, but it still has great dominance in the same focal length. You may also think of Canon's 40mm cookies. Compared with Canon's 40 cookies, Nikon 35/F 1.8g DX has a more universal equivalent focal length and a larger aperture, so it will obviously be more suitable as an on-hook lens. Canon 40 cookies, on the other hand, are cheaper and can be adapted to Quan Huafu's body.

As a classic DX hang-up, I think whether it is the entry-level D3300, D5500, 5300 or the current flagship D7 100/D7200 of Nikon DX, you can buy an AF-S 35/F 1.8g DX lens to hang up, especially when shooting indoors or at night!

Recommended lens for beginners of photography: Canon 55-250 ISTM

3, the highest performance entry telephoto Canon 55-250 ISTM

Canon EF-S 55-250mm f/4-5.6 IS lens is a telephoto lens with 4.5 times optical zoom function. The viewing angle of this lens under APS-C camera is about 88-400mm, which is very suitable for shooting distant scenes. In addition, the lens also uses Canon's brand-new STM stepping motor to focus faster and quieter.

Canon EF-S 55-250mm lens adopts 1 UD lens in optical structure, so that high image quality can be obtained at full focal length. The hand shake compensation mechanism IS image stabilizer realizes the hand shake compensation effect equivalent to the 4-stage shutter speed, which can effectively prevent the hand shake that is easy to occur when shooting telephoto.

Canon 55-250 ISTM photo effect

Editor's point of view:

Canon STM 55-250mm telephoto is a very high performance product. Referring to Nikon's 55-250mm telephoto section, both of them can provide excellent performance (not exaggerating, they can obviously surpass the deputy factory). Canon is equipped with STM driving technology, so it can be better in speed (the price will be a little more expensive).

The author believes that for telephoto lenses with low utilization rate, it is not necessary to pursue sub-factory lenses with metal * * * but ordinary image quality. As a Canon that has always maintained a good reputation in telephoto field, this 55-250STM is undoubtedly a good choice for beginners to experience telephoto * *!

Recommended lens for beginners of photography: Nikon 24- 120 F4 VR.

4, gold circle blessing price halved Nikon 24- 120 F4 VR

Nikon 24- 120mm lens adopts Nikon internal focusing system. When focusing, the lens length remains the same, equipped with 2 ed lenses and 3 aspheric lenses, and the optical performance is excellent. Nikon 24- 120mm lens is equipped with M/A and M focusing modes, and a silent wave motor (SWM), which can realize silent autofocus. Interested friends can have a look.

Nikon 24- 120 F4 VR camera effect

Editor's point of view:

As a gold ring product, the disassembled version of this lens has dropped to an amazing level of 3500-4000, which is a whole cut compared with 7000 yuan at the time of listing! Compared with Canon's red circle 24- 105, Nikon 24- 120/F4 VR is a new lens released later, which enlarges the precious focal length by 15mm.

As far as image quality is concerned, Nikon's lens design is D800 series hanging lens. Not to mention its powerful appearance and domineering hood, so that 24- 120 is a very good product whether it is "face or lining". Referring to the price below 4000 is undoubtedly a good opportunity to bargain-hunting.

Recommended lens for beginners of photography: Canon 50F 1.8STM.

5. Canon 50F 1.8STM will not be added to the classic upgrade.

Finally recommended, of course, is the latest generation of "small spittoon", which is the most cost-effective. This EF 50mm f/ 1.8 STM is the third generation of Canon's 50mm f/ 1.8 camp. The first generation was born in 1987, and the second generation came out three years later until 20 15. This time, the latest STM motor technology is added, which improves the focusing speed and quietness, and comprehensively improves the workmanship and texture of the lens. Moreover, its price is lower than that of 800 yuan, and its excellent imaging quality and the most valuable focal length make its cost performance unparalleled.

As the most mature 50mm focal length lens, its optical design is excellent, with 7 diaphragm blades (6 in the previous generation) and the recent focal length (0.35cm) shortened. Don't underestimate this progress. Closer focal length brings better background blur and macro magnification. F 1.8 circular aperture blade with super aperture is a sharp weapon for shooting female portraits.

50mm lens is the closest visual angle for human eyes to observe things in a whole frame, and the narrative is plain and natural, but it is equivalent to about 80mm on a half-frame machine. Although the field of view of this focal segment is narrowed, when the distance increases, the spatial distance between the person and the background is most suitable for shooting the bust, which is neither too far nor too compressed. This is a classic humanistic focus part. Interested friends can pay attention to this shot.

Canon 50 F 1.8 STM photo effect

Editor's point of view:

Canon E50F 1.8 is a classic lens. Whether it is an entry-level machine or a professional product, we can all see the calm figure of "small spittoon". After twenty years, Canon E50F 1.8 finally welcomed the blessing of STM motor, and made remarkable progress in miniaturization and coating, which is just right. What's more commendable is that after upgrading the aperture, workmanship and image quality, the new Canon 50 F 1.8 STM can not only support the Quan Huafu fuselage, but also almost maintain the price of the previous work!

As a long-term user of the previous generation Canon 50 F 1.8 II, I can obviously feel the improvement of focus reliability, anti-glare, focus fluency and feel after upgrading. Reference to this lens is less than the price of 700 yuan, and it can really be said that it is a "welfare product" that any Canon user should buy!