Living habits of owls, kangaroos and little monkeys

Owl is a general term for some nocturnal birds of prey in the order Ostrich. Many owls have upright feather clusters above their ears, such as ears or horns, so their faces look like cats, so they are usually called owls. There are 3 families, about 24 genera, 135 species (there are also 133 species, 180 species). These owls have their own names, such as chestnut owl, barn owl, eagle owl, carved owl, Japanese owl and so on. Therefore, we can't say what kind of bird the owl is, nor what its scientific name is. There are some kinds of owls, which are distributed all over the world, and some are only found on some islands. All owls have the same system and are easy to identify. Body length 13 to 70 cm, wing spread 30 to 200 cm. Most species are relatively small. The head is big, and it can rotate in any direction more than 180 degrees. Eyes are big, fixed in the orbit, unable to move, both eyes are forward. Almost all owls are active at night, and there are only rod-shaped cells in their retinas, so their vision is colorless. Owl's vision is binocular vision, which enhances depth perception by moving its head away from the central plane. Contrary to popular belief, owls are not blind during the day, their pupils can be extremely narrowed, and their eyesight is better than that of people at night. A feather collar with feathers around the ears, whose function is to concentrate sound. There is a movable earmuff at the front edge of the ear hole, which can act as a reflector and concentrate the sound. Many owls have asymmetric openings on both sides of their ear holes, and their ears are sensitive to different frequencies. Therefore, the sound source can be located in two planes at the same time. Species in the north have thick down to keep warm. Most species' flight feathers are covered with a layer of fluff, so they are silent when flying. Feathers vary in color, a few species are single in color, and most species have light stripes and speckled markings, which have protective color function against the background of bark. Owls can be found in almost all living environments, from grasslands and tundra to dense woodlands and rainforests. The population density of many species mainly depends on the available nesting area, not the amount of food that can be hunted. Owls are carnivores, and the most common prey is rodents, such as mice. Little owls eat insects and fish owls eat fish. The prey is swallowed whole, and the undigested parts (such as feathers, fur and bones) are spit out lump by lump. Owls are mostly nocturnal, but they are mostly inactive in the middle of the night. They usually sing and hunt before dawn. Voice communication is often used, especially in the field of mating and defense. During the day, their feathers cling to their bodies, their ears stand up and their eyes are half closed. Owls nest in tree holes, cliffs and caves. On the grassland, it nests on the ground. Each nest can produce at most 12 eggs, and the eggs are nearly spherical. Owls have a keen sense of hearing, which plays a major role in positioning in the dark environment where they can't see their fingers. Owl's left and right ears are asymmetrical, the left ear canal is obviously wider than the right ear canal, and the eardrum of the left ear is developed. Most owls also have a cluster of ear feathers, which form human-like auricles. Owls have well-developed auditory nerves. A barn owl weighing only 300 grams has about 95,000 auditory nerve cells, while a crow weighing about 600 grams has only 27,000. In addition, the owl's face is covered with hard feathers, and this panel is a good sound wave collector. Owl's huge head widens the distance between its ears, which can enhance the resolution of sound waves. When an owl searches for prey in the dark, its first reaction to sound is to turn its head, just like we listen to small sounds. But owls don't really listen to their ears The function of turning the head is to make the sound waves reach the left and right ears at different times. When this time difference increases to more than 30 microseconds, the owl can accurately distinguish the direction of the sound source. Once the owl determines the location of its prey, it will attack quickly. Owl's feathers are very soft, and its wing feathers have velvet-like thick fluff, so the frequency of sound waves generated by owl when flying is less than 1 kHz, which is not felt by ordinary mammalian ears. This silent attack makes the owl's attack more "blitzkrieg". According to research, when an owl pounces on its prey, its hearing still plays a positioning role. It can constantly adjust the attack direction according to the noise generated by the movement of prey, and finally its claws are extended, killing two birds with one stone. Of course, the owl's vision and listening to the party complement each other in hunting, and it is precisely in all aspects that it adapts to the nocturnal life and becomes an efficient night hunting expert.

Monkey is a common name. Many animals in primates are called monkeys. Primates are 1 order mammals. The highest group in the animal kingdom, with developed brains; The track faces forward and the track spacing is narrow; The toes (fingers) of hands and feet are separated, and the thumb is flexible, and most of them can hold hands with other toes (fingers). Including prosimia and simian suborder. Protomonkey suborder has a fox-like face; No cheek pouch and buttock callus; The forelimb is shorter than the hind limb, and the thumb and big toe are developed, which can be opposite to other fingers (toes); The tail should not be curled or missing. Ape suborder has a human face; Most of them have cheek pouches and hip calluses; Most forelimbs are longer than hind limbs, and some big toes degenerate; Tails are long, some can be curled, and some have no tails. According to the geographical distribution or nostril structure, the suborder simian is divided into wide-nosed monkeys, also known as new world monkeys; Narrow-nosed monkeys, also known as old world monkeys. This order includes 1 1 family, about 5 1 genus, 180 species, mainly distributed in warm areas of Asia, Africa and America. Most of them live in forest areas. The largest primate is a gorilla, weighing 275 kilograms, and the smallest is a bonobo, weighing only 70 grams.

Primates' skulls are mostly large and spherical, which is caused by the shortening of jaws and the flattening of faces. The posterior orbital process develops to form a bony eye ring or a closed eye socket; Most species have short noses, and their sense of smell is not as good as sight, touch and hearing. Some lower species have highly developed olfactory centers in their brains, and they rely heavily on the sense of smell. Some lemurs have long noses. The nasal bones of snub-nosed monkeys and dolphin-tailed langurs degenerate, forming upturned nostrils. The nose of a proboscis bird is big and long. These special types are formed by the development of muscle or cartilage. The big toe of the foot can abut against the other toe, making the hands and feet become grasping organs. The five fingers of primitive monkeys can only be flexed and extended at the same time, and cannot be used alone. Palmar surface and □ surface are exposed, with finger and toe lines and different patterns. The foot pads are soft or wide, and all of them are flexible except the black apes. Most fingers and toes have flat nails. Generally speaking, there is little difference in the length of forelimbs and hind limbs, but the forelimbs of Red Tide Insects and Scarabaeidae are much longer than the hind limbs. Apes and humans have no tails. In species with tails, the tail length varies greatly, from only one protrusion to exceeding the body length. The tail of most species in the family Cephalaenidae has the function of grasping and is called the "fifth hand". Some old world monkeys (such as baboons) have brightly colored faces, buttocks or breasts, especially during the breeding season. The buttock has a hard lump composed of hard skin, which is called the buttock callus.

1 nipple in most species is located in the chest or armpit, while 1 nipple in monkeys is located in the abdomen. Male penises droop, most of which have penile bones, but tarsiers, marmosets, humans and some species do not. The testicles are wrapped in a bag. The female body has a double horn uterus or a single horn uterus. Body coat, some soft and thin, some thick and hard, or local long, or hair with different colors of links. Some hair on the top of the head is very long, forming a tufted crown, or short, flat-topped, or bald and hairless. Some people have long hair on their cheeks or chin, which is shaped like a beard. Some shoulders, backs and hips are covered with long hair. Some body hair is gorgeous.

Most primates live in different forms of arboreal or semi-arboreal life, and only ring-tailed lemurs, baboons and marmosets live in land or rock areas. Usually small groups, but also large groups. Most people can walk upright, but not for long. Most of them are active during the day, and at night they are refers to monkeys, some big lemurs and night monkeys. Japanese lemurs and Japanese lemurs sleep for several days to weeks in dry and hot summer.

Most of them are omnivores, eating plant or animal food. There are different ways to choose food and feed. For example, monkeys are good at picking bugs in tree holes or crevices. Orangutans eat a lot and spend most of their time foraging. The stomach of colobus monkeys has a special structure, and most species eat plant food containing a lot of crude fiber.

Breeding 1 ~ 2 times a year, each fetus 1 offspring, and a few can have up to 3 offspring. Larvae grow slowly. Crawling on the mother's chest and abdomen or riding on her back during lactation, carried by her mother. Sexually mature females have menstruation, and males can mate at any time. Only lower monkeys, such as lemurs, sloths and lynxes, have a certain mating and breeding season.

The skull features of Dendrolimidae are very similar to those of some very primitive monkeys. Many anatomists and paleontologists have listed it as a primate, but its external morphology and ecological habits are very different from those of primates. Therefore, modern taxonomists have classified it as Dendrolimidae independently.

Kangaroos are native to mainland Australia and parts of Papua New Guinea. Some of them are unique to Australia. All Australian kangaroos live in the wild except those in zoos and wildlife parks. Different kinds of kangaroos live in different natural environments in Australia, from rainforests and desert plains with cool climate to tropical regions.

Kangaroos are herbivores, eating all kinds of plants, and some also eat fungi. Most of them are active at night, but some of them are active in the early morning or evening. Different kinds of kangaroos live in different natural environments. For example, Porto-Lloyd kangaroos build their own nests, while tree kangaroos live in bushes. Large kangaroos like to use trees, caves and rock cracks as shelters.

All kangaroos, no matter how big they are, have one thing in common: the hind legs with long feet are strong and powerful. Kangaroos jump instead of running. They can jump up to 4 meters and as far as 13 meters, which can be said to be the tallest and farthest mammals. Most kangaroos live on the ground, and it is easy to distinguish them from other animals when they jump from their strong hind legs. Kangaroos keep their balance with their tails when jumping. When they walk slowly, their tails can be used as the fifth leg.

All female kangaroos have a pouch with four nipples in it. "Cubs" or kangaroos are kept in nursery bags until they can survive in the outside world.

Kangaroos belong to Kangaroo family, including Kangaroo suborder, Kangaroo order, Striata class, Mammalia class, Chordata class and animal kingdom. They are famous mammals in Australia and occupy a very important ecological position in Australia. Kangaroos have short forelimbs and developed hind limbs. They often lift their forelimbs and jump on the ground with their hind legs instead of running. Kangaroos are generally 2.6 meters tall and weigh about 80 kilograms.

Kangaroo pictures are often used as symbols of Australia, for example, green kangaroos are used to represent Australian manufacturing. Kangaroo pictures often appear on Australian highways, which means kangaroos often appear nearby, especially when driving at night.

Kangaroos usually live in groups, sometimes as many as hundreds. But some smaller kangaroos, such as wallabies, live alone.

Kangaroos can't walk, they can only jump, or run and jump with the help of their front legs and hind legs. Kangaroos are nocturnal animals. They usually come out for food a few hours after sunset and return to their nests shortly after sunrise.

Kangaroos breed once or twice a year. Kangaroos are born about 30-40 days after fertilization. They are very tiny, have no vision and little hair, and are stored in their mother's pouch immediately after birth. It was not until 6-7 months ago that I began to leave the pouch for a short time to study life. I can't be weaned and leave the nursing bag until one year later, but I still live near the kangaroo mother and get help and protection at any time. Mother kangaroo can give birth to a baby kangaroo outside the bag, a baby kangaroo inside the bag and a baby kangaroo at the same time.

Kangaroos feed on short, moist grass close to the ground, leaving long grass and hay to other animals. Individual species of kangaroos also eat leaves or small tree teeth.

The most famous kangaroo is red kangaroo, which is the largest and lives in the arid zone of Australia. The average annual rainfall in this area is less than 500mm. Because kangaroo's food contains a lot of water, it can survive in areas without running water. In fact, only male kangaroos in red kangaroo are red and female kangaroos are gray-blue.

Red kangaroo is also known as the Greater red kangaroo. This kind of kangaroo is the largest kind of kangaroo family, which is produced in Australia and its nearby islands and is one of the endemic animals in Australia. In fact, only males in red kangaroo are red or reddish-brown, and all females are blue-gray. Kangaroos have short forelimbs and long and powerful hind limbs. When marching, jump completely with your hind feet and keep your big tail balanced. They are good at jumping. They can jump 7-8 meters and 1.5- 1.8 meters high. If they go to the Olympic Games, they will surely win the "double jump champion". Kangaroos like to engage in "small groups" and often live in small groups in grassland areas, foraging for various grasses and wild vegetables at night. Generally, it is 1.5-2 years old and its life span is 20-22 years. They are listed in the appendix of the International Convention on Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. Red kangaroo can breed all year round. After the arduous "pregnancy in October"-the pregnancy period of kangaroos is 343 days, and they usually give birth to babies. Mother kangaroo is busy picking out her pockets and licking dirty things with her tongue when she is about to give birth to her baby.

The "racial discrimination" of kangaroo family is very serious. They can't tolerate foreign members entering the family, and even don't welcome family members who have been away for a long time. Even if the family accepts a new member, it must be taught a lesson. After new members learn many "rules", they can be integrated with their families.

Red kangaroo, which lives in the open grassland in southeastern Australia, is the largest marsupial and a representative species of kangaroo, and is called the king of modern marsupials.

This big red kangaroo looks like a mouse, like a giant mouse. Actually, it has nothing to do with rats. Its body hair is reddish brown, its body length is 130- 150 cm, its tail length is 120- 130 cm, and its weight is 70-90 kg. Small head, long face and black beard on both sides of nostrils. Big eyes. Ear length. The appearance is strange and fascinating. They have small heads, big ears and big eyes. Adapted to the jumping lifestyle, the forelimbs are short and thin and can be used to grab food. The hind legs are strong and the toes are close together. One step can jump 5 meters, and the speed can reach 40-65 kilometers per hour. When the tail grows up, it is the supporting organ when perching and the balancer when jumping.

Red kangaroo mostly moves in the early morning and dusk, and hides in grass nests or shallow caves during the day. I like to integrate 20 ~ 30 or 50 ~ 60 group activities, mainly plant foods such as grass. It is timid and alert, and its vision, hearing and smell are very sensitive. Its long big ears can hear the slightest noise, so it ran away.