Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography major - What are the entry skills of Canon microphotography?

What are the entry skills of Canon microphotography?

What are the operation skills of Canon micro-single entry? Below I have compiled the photography skills of Canon photography micro-sheet for everyone, hoping to help everyone!

First, expose the article

What are aperture, shutter speed and ISO? How to control exposure parameters?

The aperture controls the amount of light entering, and the format is f1/2,8, F 1/8. The smaller the number, the greater the amount of light and the brighter the picture. The amount of light entering is inversely proportional to the square of the aperture value. For example, the amount of light entering F4 is four times that of F8.

Because in photography, the amount of light entering doubles with each additional exposure, the standard aperture classification is: F 1, 4, F2, F2, 8, F4, F5, 6, F8, f1,F 16, every two.

Aperture not only affects the amount of light, but also affects the depth of field. The larger the aperture, the shallower the depth of field, that is, the shallower the clear part of the picture and the more blurred the background. We often see photos with empty background and clear subject on the Internet, all of which are taken with large aperture.

Generally speaking, we use a large aperture to shoot portraits and still lives, so as to achieve the effect of highlighting the subject. At the same time, shoot the scenery with a relatively small aperture, such as F8, so that all parts of the photo are clear. Moreover, the general lens reaches the best aperture at the position of two to three times the maximum aperture value, with the highest definition and the clearest picture. For example, the shots of 18-55/3, 5-5 and 6 are best shot around F8-F 1 1. For example:

Large aperture, shallow depth of field. The figures are clear, but the building is empty.

Small aperture, Quan Jingshen. People and buildings are very clear, because close to the best aperture, the image is clearer.

The shutter controls the exposure time in the format of 1/2000s, 1/50s, 0,5s. The first exposure time is the shortest and the last exposure time is the longest. Double the shutter time and double the amount of light. The standard shutter classification is: 1/4000s, 65438. 1/500s, 1/250s, 1/ 120s, 1/60s, 1/30s, 1/ 15s,6550。

The faster the shutter speed, the shorter the capture moment. Then the less the subject moves in this short period of time, the more difficult it is to record the jitter of the person holding the camera. There is a so-called safety shutter in photography, that is, as long as the shutter speed is higher than this value, the picture will not paste. This value is the reciprocal of the equivalent focal length. For example, if the focal length of the lens on d5 100 is adjusted to 35mm and the equivalent focal length is 52mm, then the value of the safety shutter is 1/50s. If it is higher than this value, such as 1/30s, it is easy to burn out. If the camera or lens has anti-shake function, it can be downgraded by 2-5 levels. For example, the anti-shake of a 55-200VR lens is almost 4 gears, so when the focal length is 200mm, the equivalent focal length is 300mm, and the anti-shake safety shutter is 1/250s does not open. This shutter speed is usually too dark when shooting indoors or at night. However, if the lens is turned on for anti-shake, the shutter speed can be lowered to115s, which can meet the needs of most dark shooting.

If you shoot a child, because the child has been moving, the shutter usually has to be lowered below11000 s to shoot. Sometimes, a slow shutter is used, such as shooting waterfalls, clouds or night scenes. In order to shoot a dreamy feeling, you can set the shutter to about 30 seconds to shoot, so that the actions within 30 seconds are superimposed.

ISO is sensitivity. Under the same aperture and shutter settings, the higher the sensitivity, the brighter the picture. However, the higher the ISO, especially after exceeding a certain range, the imaging quality will often deteriorate, and a lot of white noise will appear on the screen. The ISO of most APS-C format SLR is best set below 800. A better one can be set to 1600, and a worse one, such as 600d, may only be set to 400. ISO classification:100,200,400,800,1600,3200,6400,12800,25600.

The increase of aperture is equivalent to the increase of shutter speed and iso speed. Therefore, in the same scene, the brightness of F2, 1/60s and ISO 100 should be the same as that of F8 (aperture decreases by 4 steps), 1/30s (shutter increases 1 step) and ISO800(ISO increases by 3 steps). The difference is that the aperture of the former is larger, so the depth of field is shallower and the background is more blurred; The shutter of the former is faster, so it is less likely to burn out the picture; The ISO of the former is lower, so the picture is cleaner.

So how to set the exposure parameters in actual shooting? Generally speaking, we first determine the aperture according to the required depth of field. For portraits and still lives, we usually use the maximum aperture, such as F 1 and 8. For the scenery, we adjust the aperture to a medium aperture, such as F8. Then we adjust the shutter speed to a safe shutter, for example, 50mm for 35mm, and the shutter speed is 1/50. Then we set the ISO to the lowest level, such as ISO 65438. If the picture is too bright, you can lower the shutter speed to1120. If the screen is too dark at this time, you can raise the ISO to ISO400 or ISO800.

Generally speaking, when the sun is fine during the day, portraits are usually shot with large aperture (F 1 8), low ISO(ISO 100) and medium-speed shutter (1/500s), while landscapes are shot with small aperture (F8) and low ISO (ISO/kloc-0). Indoor shooting of still life or bust is with large aperture (F 1, 8), low ISO(ISO 100) and safety shutter (1/30s). At night, it has a large aperture (F 1 8), a high ISO(ISO 1600) and a safety shutter (1/30s).

If you want to save trouble, then you can set the mode to P and turn down the ISO. When shooting still life, you can use aperture priority mode (first gear) to adjust the aperture to the maximum, and the rest can be set automatically. When shooting a moving scene, use the shutter priority mode (S file), set the shutter to the fastest, and other automatic settings. This can at least be much better than the automatic mode, and because the entry camera does not have enough wheels, it only needs one wheel compared with the manual mode (M file), and setting parameters will be much faster.

Second, the color article

Clever application of white balance and color temperature setting

There is a white balance setting in the camera, and some even have a color temperature K setting. The lower the color temperature value is set, the higher the actual color temperature after white balance compensation, and the bluer and colder it feels. On the contrary, it is yellow and warm. Generally, shooting snow scenes and snow-capped mountains is usually set at a low K value (such as 2500k). When shooting a sunset, autumn scenery usually uses a high K setting (such as 7000k).

If the entry camera does not have the function of setting the color temperature K value, you can use cloudy shadows instead of the high K value setting, and use incandescent lamp mode to lower the K value setting.

Set the low color temperature of the picture or the high k value of the fuselage.

Set the high color temperature of the picture or the low k value of the fuselage.

Third, some shooting skills.

Find a picture with people and scenery, try to shoot with different focal lengths and different apertures, and experience the change of perspective relationship caused by focal length change (for example, when shooting a full-length portrait, the perspective relationship will change when replacing 50mm with 200mm) and the change of depth of field caused by aperture change.

In addition to taking portraits with standard lenses with large aperture (lenses such as 50/ 1, 8), try to take portraits with lenses with a longer telephoto end, so that people and the background will be compressed together and there will be a sense of separation.

The same is true for taking scenery. You can try the telephoto end more. If the focal length is not enough, only a small part of the picture can be cropped after shooting, which is the same as shooting with a telephoto lens. At present, the camera pixel is very high, but the resolution of uploading to the internet is generally several hundred, so don't be afraid of cropping.

Light is very important. The sunshine is the most beautiful about two hours before dark. At this time, you can find a beautiful place to take portraits outdoors and try to see the effects of lighting, backlighting and metering. At this time, it is also appropriate to go to the coffee shop and find a window facing west to sit down, take some beautiful busts of sugar water with gentle sunshine and decorative ornaments in the coffee shop, and use a large aperture lens to still life.

Finally, I wish you can use the camera to walk more, see more, take more pictures and play its value.