On the art of lighting in photography. Please help me find such a paper urgently! ! ! ! ! ! !

Photography relies on light to create images and photographs. Without light, we can't see the scenery of the objective world.

Light mainly includes four characteristics-light intensity, light properties, light directionality and light color.

We mainly talk about the directionality of light, that is, we often say front light, side light, backlight and top light.

1, lighting along the light This is a kind of light with the flattest effect. Without taking advantage of the three-dimensional sense and spatial depth of the subject, it lacks vitality.

2. The effect of sidelight illumination is obviously improved, and the change of light and shade of the subject shows three-dimensional sense and surface texture, which is more in line with people's normal visual habits, so it is widely used in photography.

Backlight can outline the shape of an object and separate it from the background. Forming bright lines on the edge of the object shape can render the atmosphere to be expressed and enrich and activate the picture. When shooting in backlight, appropriately increase auxiliary light to illuminate the shadow part, and pay attention to setting off the bright part of the subject edge with the background, such as using "fool" camera and forced flash mode.

4. The effect of the top lighting makes the picture show a hot feeling, causing strong projection under the eyes, nose and chin of the characters, which plays an ugly role in the image of the characters. Obviously, no one wants to enjoy this kind of photo. Changing the lighting effect at the top can make the head of the character tilt upwards, or wear a lace straw hat.

Light exhaustion in Gao Fancha portrait photography

2006-5- 1 1 15:32:49

It is an interesting attempt to shoot a portrait with high contrast and no normal tone spacing in black and white portrait photography. It can create some vivid and touching images by using contrasting light.

In order to get this portrait of Gao Fancha, we need considerable exposure and development skills, and we also have certain requirements for lighting when shooting. American photographers J Mitchell and J Hannum put forward a simple light distribution method in an article in Darkroom Photography:

Direct light or scattered light can be used for lighting, and generally one or two lamps are better. For the convenience of shooting, it is best to use spotlights, so that you can directly observe the lighting effect. Of course, you can also use a flash. In most cases, only one lamp is enough. If the object's hair is dark, you can use a second lamp to illuminate the object's hair directly or from behind to create a brighter outline, thus distinguishing the object from the background. In order to achieve a touching effect, you can try to illuminate the subject with side light or light with a 45-degree angle. Side light only illuminates half of the subject's face, while 45-degree light can illuminate most of the face, forming a triangular bright part on the cheek, facing the light source. This Gao Fancha effect works best in a dark and unlit background. C in order to better distinguish the image from the background, the head of the subject can be brightened with light: the backlit silhouette portrait can actually be regarded as a kind of portrait photography in Gao Fancha. M kipling, a British photographer, pointed out that backlight photography is a silhouette image effect taken by the subject with his back to the light source. In general, the tolerance of photographic film for feeling and expressing hue is very limited. In contrast, human eyes have a much wider range of perception of hue. In this way, darker objects can stand out against a brighter background.

Sunlight is often used as the light source for taking silhouette photos against the light, but any light can be used as the light source according to the photographer's convenience or preference. Kipling thinks it is reasonable to take silhouette photos with the sky as the background after sunset or before sunrise. In order to produce a good backlight silhouette effect on the negative, the ratio of the brightest part to the darkest part in the photo is usually 50: 1. This is especially true when shooting with slides, because its tone tolerance is narrower.

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