What are the types of fine arts?

China traditional painting

Chinese painting for short. It refers to China's traditional Chinese painting, which has been formed and developed in China for a long time and has its own unique system in the world art field. It uses brush, ink and Chinese painting pigments to draw on special rice paper or silk. According to the subject matter, it can be divided into figures, landscapes, flowers and bamboos, birds and animals, insects and fish, palaces and other painting materials. According to the means and techniques of expression, it can be divided into meticulous painting, freehand brushwork, hook, boneless painting, color setting and ink painting. According to the layout style, it can be divided into vertical axis, horizontal volume, album page, sector and other styles. Chinese painting attaches great importance to pen and ink, using lines, ink colors and light and heavy colors to express the physical structure of objective objects through cross-dyeing, dry and wet shading, and yin and yang back; And use the combination of virtual reality and density and "blank space" to achieve ingenious composition effect. The spatial processing of traditional Chinese painting is also relatively free and flexible, that is, you can draw mountains and rivers by "seeing the big and seeing the small"; You can also use the method of "seeing the mountains from horseback" to draw the Wan Li of the Yangtze River. Chinese painting is characterized by "both form and spirit" and "vivid charm", which advocates both "learning from foreign teachers" and "winning the heart in China". Chinese painting also inscribed poems and seals on the screen, integrating poetry, calligraphy and seals.

Western painting

Refers to the western painting, which is different from the traditional painting system in China. Including oil painting, watercolor, gouache, printmaking, pencil drawing and other paintings. Western traditional painting pays attention to realism, expresses the volume, texture and sense of space of objects by perspective and light and shade, and requires the color effect of objects under a certain light source.

oil painting

A painting made on linen, cardboard or wood by mixing pigments and oiliness agents (linseed oil, poppy seed oil, walnut oil, etc.). Diluents used in painting are turpentine and dried linseed oil. The pigment attached to the picture has strong hardness and can keep luster for a long time after the picture is dried. Oil painting is the main type of western painting.

carve

A kind of "plastic arts". It is the floorboard of two methods: sculpture and plastic. Use all kinds of plastic mud or carved wood, stone and other materials to make all kinds of images with real volume, and the expression method is based on volume and structure. Sculptures are generally divided into circular sculptures and relief sculptures. Due to different purposes, it is divided into shelf sculpture, memorial sculpture, decorative sculpture, architectural sculpture and so on.

craft

One of the fine arts. Refers to the production of handicrafts with certain artistic significance, which not only meets the needs of people's material life, but also meets the needs of people's spiritual life. It is the combination of practicality and aesthetics, and the unity of technology and art. Arts and crafts are divided into two categories: ① daily handicrafts. (2) Display technology.

calligraphy

(1) a traditional art in China. ② Chinese character writing method. According to the modeling rules of Chinese characters, China's calligraphy uses stippling to form various forms to express ideas. Regular script, cursive script, running script, official script and seal script (big seal script, small seal script) have all kinds of characters. The basic factor of calligraphy beauty is stippling, followed by stippling. Therefore, it is very important to use a pen in calligraphy. We should master and use the contradictory relations such as lifting, hiding, turning, heaviness, urgency and Fiona Fang, and pay attention to avoiding frivolous fingers. On the whole, the beauty of calligraphy lies in the momentum, rhythm and rhythm between the lines and the artistic conception conveyed. All kinds of books pay attention to the horizontal and vertical arrangement of the structure, expecting to echo; Proper layout and clear organization.

sketch

A form of painting in which objects are mainly represented by monochrome lines and blocks. It is usually used as a means to exercise the basic skills of painting to train the ability to observe and express the shape, structure, light and shade, texture, sense of quantity and space of objective objects. Sketch can also be used as an independent art form for creation. For example, the painter Wang Shikuo's Blood Clothes is an example.

Opaque watercolor painting

A painting made by mixing powdered pigments with water. Gouache is generally opaque in color and has strong hiding ability, so it can be portrayed deeply and carefully. Used properly, it can have both artistic effects of oil painting and watercolor painting.

wall painting

A picture painted on the wall or ceiling of a building. Divided into rough bottom murals, painted murals and pasted murals. Mural painting is one of the oldest forms of painting. Egypt, India and Babylon have preserved many ancient murals. During the Italian Renaissance, mural creation flourished, resulting in many famous works. In China, since the Zhou Dynasty, there has been a mural system in palaces and even tombs. With the prosperity of religious belief, it has been widely used in temples and grottoes (such as Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes and Ruicheng Yongle Palace), and a large number of famous Buddhist murals and Taoist murals have been preserved so far. )

Comics; comedian

A kind of painting, also known as cartoon. The word "high-speed painting" comes from Italian Caricare, which means exaggeration. Later, it evolved into the word "cartoon", which refers to a picture with ironic and funny meaning. Through exaggeration, distortion, hypothesis, metaphor, symbol and other means, satirize, criticize (or praise) people and things in real life with humorous and humorous artistic effects.

paint from nature

Traditional terms of Chinese painting. Paintings depicting flowers, trees, birds, animals and other creatures are called sketches. Such as the sketch of rare birds in the Five Dynasties. In the modern common painting language, any description that directly takes the real object and the real scene as the object is collectively called sketch.

sketch

A drawing method that describes the expression, shape, movement and other characteristics of an object briefly with quick and accurate observation and concise lines. It is an important painting method to cultivate the painter's keen observation and quickly grasp the generalization of object characteristics, and it is also an important means to record life and accumulate creative materials.