What is gestalt isomorphism theory?

Gestalt psychology believes that there are two kinds of forces: one is the physical force of the external world; One is the psychological power of the inner world. If these two forces are the same in structural style, they are "isomorphic", but different forces are "heterogeneous isomorphic". That is to say, although the materials are different, the structural style of the force is the same, the electric pulses aroused in the brain are the same, and the style of the force possessed by emotional activities is the same. Therefore, apparently different materials have the same emotional expression in the eyes of artists because of the same stress mode. In this case, artists can combine conscious people with unconscious things. Although people and unconscious things are completely different from ordinary people, they have the same performance in the eyes of artists. If a man is upright, a tree will stand. The so-called unity of things and me, the so-called harmony between subjective and objective, and the so-called harmony between external things and internal information are all the results of this "isomorphism" or "heterogeneous isomorphism". Only "isomorphism" or "heterogeneous isomorphism" can produce psychological experience and aesthetic pleasure. On the other hand, gestalt is a spontaneous pursuit of balance. Gestalt psychology believes that balance is a spontaneous psychological need of human beings. The human body is in static equilibrium and symmetry, and the world is in equilibrium. At the same time, everything in the universe is in a state of balance in motion. Therefore, people also spontaneously pursue balance psychologically. In beautiful things, we should embody the balance of strength and movement.

Introduction to Gestalt Psychology;

Gestalt psychology, also known as gestalt psychology, is a famous schools of psychology born in 19 12. Its main representatives are German psychologists Whitman, Kaufka and Kohler, especially Rudolf arnheim (1904- 1994), a famous aesthete and psychologist, who came all the way from Germany and moved to the United States. They are all engaged in psychological research, and attach great importance to using the research methods of Gestalt Psychology to study a series of important problems in aesthetic psychology, and have achieved remarkable results. In particular, arnheim's research on the aesthetic psychology of film art and plastic arts has a wide influence, which has established the school's important position in the international aesthetic field.

Gestalt is a transliteration of the German word Gestalt, which means gestalt. Gestalt has a special meaning in Gestalt aesthetic psychology. "Form" refers to an image organization and structure formed in people's perceptual experience. Gestalt refers to the integrity of form in psychological activities. So gestalt psychology is also called gestalt psychology. It absorbs the latest achievements of scientific development in the 20th century, and introduces the concept of "field" in relativity, system theory and modern physics into psychological research. Gestalt psychologists believe that "Gestalt" has the characteristics of integrity and independence, and they especially emphasize that "Gestalt" is not purely objective and natural, but a model presented in human perception. It is not the initial objective thing itself, but the whole experience composed of perceptual activities. Of course, gestalt is not a simple subject creation, but the result of active organization or construction under the objective stimulation of human perception. Rudolf arnheim (1904- 1994) is generally recognized as the main representative of the aesthetic school of gestalt psychology. He published the book German Film as early as 1932, and analyzed and demonstrated the unique aesthetic perception and artistic creation of film art from the psychological point of view, especially using the method of Gestalt psychology to study the visual picture of the film, and firmly grasped the aesthetic psychological characteristics of the film. He also wrote Visual Thinking, Towards Art Psychology and Art and Visual Perception, which played an important role in the formation and development of Gestalt Psychology.

Gestalt psychology has three characteristics. One is integrity, that is, the integrity of gestalt is "integrity" in the sense of modern scientific system theory. Its significance lies in that the whole gestalt is not the sum of simple parts, but the whole is greater than the sum of parts. For example, the overall feeling and understanding of a five-character quatrain is by no means a simple addition of the meanings of 20 words, but a complete meaning, far greater than the sum of some meanings. The second is independence, that is, once each gestalt is formed, it has relative independence that is not changed by external factors. If people appreciate a piece of music, no matter what instrument they play it again, it will not destroy or change the overall psychological feeling of music. The third is the unity of subject and object. That is, gestalt does not refer to the form of the object itself, but refers to the gestalt formed in human perceptual experience. In other words, gestalt is formed in the brain on the basis of people's perception of objects, and it is presented in perception. So gestalt learning is mainly about perception.

The characteristics of gestalt are mainly manifested in two aspects. On the one hand, gestalt is a style of force. Gestalt psychology puts forward the theory of "brain force field", which explains the mode of force in aesthetic feeling.