In classical Chinese, the emperor was afraid of the word Dong and became a scholar.

Daming

Feide's trip

You are shy, smart, young, and have a good relationship with your brother and Jun. His respect for Weng was awarded to this imperial envoy, who accepted medicine and abandoned his career to learn from it. Your party doesn't obey the rules, but if something goes wrong, it will be clean and thorough. Good articles are good for reciting scriptures, so I saw that I loved my granduncle, so I tried to bring them to Beijing, and then I learned from Taishigong's old family, abandoned it for a long time, and learned acupuncture methods from medicine. Gaixin's poems, calligraphy and painting, thousands of people in Jin Dynasty. Learn from my father, Mr. Jianzhai, and when eating at home, drink poetry and wine, get drunk and swallow traces. There is a saying called "leaning against a tree to study, sitting in the green, drinking and swallowing red flowers". My impression of my father is great, because there is a saying: "I am used to reciting in my seat, and there should be more drunken ink on the wall." Gai means jun also. He put Xi's teaching to use, so he moved to this university. You went, the gentry and nobles in the province, elegant and heavy, you think it is rare. Shi Jun, later named, was appreciated by his father, Chen Jun, an imperial adviser. His first poem was a gift, which was naturally poetic and also a famous pen. Although you are gentle and have a good medical skill, every time you recognize the market interests, you will be ashamed to treat others and get well. You will never be blamed for it, people will regard it as a virtue. Its greedy people need medicine, and taste: I have seen the world and used it to help others. My family has suffered a painful epidemic, and my mother is in danger of getting sick. Your support for decoction makes it hard to get rid of, but you have no one else. Ren Shenchun suddenly fell ill, so he kept it a secret. He sings and drinks, as usual. People didn't answer him when they saw him swearing, that is, five or six days later, he died after choosing. The Beggars' Sect knows that his pulse is sick and can't be cured, and they are afraid of hurting righteousness, so they don't talk to anyone. Everyone who heard it regretted it. The nephew of this upright gentleman, one month before you led the army, read Du Ji in the book, referring to the poem of General He Shan Ye, and said, "I'd better stay here, but I can't bear to leave at present. In ancient times, Duchenne became more and more malaria-ridden. What's wrong with me for my book? " Only in the middle, I don't know how to stop this, but knowing the truth, there must be something in it, but what is a cloud? Pain is in the middle, but when you meet people in your life, you are helpful and touching. You can't see the river thousands of miles away again. It is unbearable to hear your plan. Well done, beggars' deacons will praise you. And comfort Xixi's brotherhood. Fortunately, I am lucky.

Fu, said that he was clever since childhood and often had contact with his brother in Hexi Township. They have great respect for their teachers. The teacher was awarded the title of Yi Xuan Examiner. From then on, Fu Fu accepted the pharmaceutical industry, and the teacher told them to give up studying for the sub-industry and study medicine. Happiness is charming and unrestrained, but when you meet something, you must be clean and thorough, no matter big or small. Good articles like to recite, so they are loved by my uncle Fu Angong. They once brought happiness to Beijing, let happiness study in Taishigong's gate, and then gave up. At this time, they began to advocate the medical methods of Daming acupuncture. Even so, I still don't forget to study the calligraphy and painting of heart poems. There are a lot of people in the Jin Dynasty. Happiness follows his father, Mr. Jianzhai. When eating at home, there are always poems, wines, wines, drunkenness and swallowing marks. There is a saying that "leaning against a tree to study, sitting in green, drinking and swallowing red flowers". Praise from my father, so there is a poem that says, "When you are used to singing loudly in your seat, you should get drunk on the wall." This is the portrayal of happiness. Hexi went to college after being educated, and Ankang often went there. In fact, the gentlemen in the province are very elegant and heavy, and his well-being is hard-won. The late foil stone was highly valued by his father and Mr. Chen. First of all, poetry is for people. From then on, happy poems were like making a fortune, all written by celebrities. Although Fu likes medicine very much, he feels ashamed every time he sees the deal. Fu only treats people and never asks for anything in return, so people are grateful for his good virtue. I always give them medicine when I meet those greedy people. He once said: I don't show anything to the society now, but with a heart that helps others. There is a plague in our family, and doctors are afraid to push the door for treatment. My mother was dying, took medicine and stayed up all night, and finally turned the corner. And happiness is a peace of mind. Ren Shenchun's sudden well-being led to illness, and well-being was kept secret. He sings and drinks, as usual. People saw him asking about his illness and didn't answer. This year, Wisdom Fofo Agbo lay on the pillow for five or six days and died suddenly. Because he knew his blood was bad, he was afraid of hurting Gong Xuan, and he didn't tell anyone. Everyone who heard it felt sorry. In fact, Fu's nephew, a month before he met Fu, saw Reading Du Ji in the book, which refers to his poem about General He's mountain forest, which is recorded. He told me that I used to like these poems. Unfortunately, the ancients boasted that Du Fu's poems were getting sicker and sicker. This is my book. I hate them. Are they useful? I just want to get better, and I don't know to stop thinking about it right away. Know that he is not taboo or happy, but you hurt people's hearts by saying so. Only Francis, who has been in contact with people and helping people all his life, has lost sight of the words in academic activities. Moreover, Hexi traveled thousands of miles, and it was unbearable to see it. The beggar deacon praised happiness with male words. And to comfort the Hexi brothers, fortunately, I can't refuse, very lucky.

Only understand literal translation. If there is anything wrong, please advise. )

2. You are flat, and you grasp the words. The surname is Xu's epitaph in Hailing County, Taizhou.

original text

Mr. Ping, the first name of the word, surnamed Xu. I tasted the lineage of his family (2), the so-called Princess Hailing of Taizhou. Since I made friends with my brother Yuan, I am famous all over the world, but I am less unruly and eloquent. It is the wisdom and resourcefulness of contemporary adults to call my brothers. At the time of Baoyuan, the imperial court made a general plan to recruit talents from all over the world, while Fan Wenzheng, the viceroy of Shaanxi Province, and Su Gong of Zheng Wen scrambled to recommend the book you wrote, so they had to recruit students and chose the Princess Book of Hailing County, Taizhou. The minister of the imperial court, recommended by Mr. Duo, has extraordinary talents and bold talents, and should be appointed to do important things to test him, instead of being an ordinary official in a county. Xu Jun was once generous, confident and confident, and wanted to do something. But after all, he didn't get a chance to show his talent. He died. Hey! It's really sad. Scholars are born to be different, and they are immune to themselves with their hearts, scolding, laughing, insulting and not regretting. They have no requirements for others, and they are also related to future generations. Their differences are appropriate. As for those who are witty, pursue fame and fortune, and try to take advantage of the changes of the times to make profits by power, they are often unable to achieve anything and are hard to remember. The argument is enough to touch everything, but it is not used well; Seek enough to seize the three armed forces and humiliate the country of Una. Ha ha! Those who have hope for the afterlife and have no regrets will probably know why. Xu Jun died at the age of 59 and was buried somewhere in Luxian County, Changjiang County, Zhen County during the reign of Ren Zongjia. The lady's name is Li. Son-in-law, not an official; Zhang, the official secretary of state joined the army; Qi, ancestral temple Zhailang; Lin, Jinshi. Five daughters, two married, one married in Jinshi Zhou Lu, and the other worked as a county magistrate in Taizhou, a native of Taizhou. The inscription reads: there is a rise or not. Alas, prosthodontic! Xu Jun died in the position of secretary of the county party committee of Hailing County. Who made him so?

To annotate ...

Hailing County, Taizhou: Tai County, Jiangsu Province. ② Genealogy: making a genealogy for ... 3 Device: heavy. ④ Male: Zhongyan, from Wuxian, Suzhou. For the song dynasty. ⑤ Zheng Wen Su Gong, whose real name is Tian Xiu, was born in Wuxian, Suzhou. ⑥ (jǔ yǔ): This refers to political differences. ⑦ Right martial arts: advocating martial arts. 8 not to be an official: not to be an official. (9) get up: get up.

translate

Mr. Ping's name is Ping and his surname is Xu. I once compiled his genealogy, and he is the master book of Hailing County in Taizhou mentioned in the genealogy. Mr. Wang is not only praised by the world for his mutual love with his brother, but also surpassed the average person since he was a teenager. He is never bound, nor is he good at arguing. Both Mr. Wang and his brother are valued by contemporary adults because of their wisdom and strategy. In the first year of Renzongbao (1038- 1040), the general policy department was set up in the imperial court to recruit talents from all over the world. At that time, Gong (Fan Zhongyan, posthumous title) and Su Gong (posthumous title), Shaanxi viceroy, rushed to write letters to recommend Mr., so they were called to Beijing to take the exam and were appointed as the ancestral temple Zhailang. The DPRK minister recommended Mr. Zhu as a talent. He should be appointed to do important things to test him, and he should not be placed in a state or county as an ordinary official. Xu Jun used to be generous, confident and conceited, and wanted to make a difference. But after all, he died and had no chance to show his intelligence. Alas! It's so sad. Scholars have always been those who are far away from the world, divorced from the world, and blindly follow their own intentions. Even if you are satirized, insulted and poor, you don't regret it. They have no common people's desire for fame and fortune, but they have expectations for future generations. Therefore, they should feel depressed and outdated. As for those literati who are full of wit and strategy and pursue fame and fortune, they try to use the changes of the times to seek power and material benefits, but they often fail and are hard to count. However, eloquence is enough to change everything, but it is poor in the era of reusing lobbying; You are smart enough to catch the commander-in-chief of the three armed forces, but you are humiliated in a country that advocates force. How do you explain this situation? Alas! Those who look forward to the afterlife and suffer without regret probably know why! Xu Jun was fifty-nine years old when he died, and was buried in the original site of a place in Ganlu Township, Yangzi County, Zhou Zhen on a certain day in the year of Injong Jiayou (1056- 1063). The wife's surname is Li. The eldest son is named Xuan, not an official; The second son, Zhang, joined the army; Sanziqi, Ren Taimiao Zhailang; The fourth son, Lin, won the Jinshi. Five daughters, two of whom are married, one is married to Jinshi Zhou Fengxian, and the other is married to Taizhou Taixing County magistrate Tao Shunyuan. The inscription on the tombstone reads: someone promoted him and appointed him, and no one squeezed him out and hindered him. Alas! Xu Jun died in the official position of the little Hailing princess book. Who made him like this?

Comment and analysis

Xu Ping is an ordinary official who has been frustrated all his life. In this epitaph, the author mainly mourns Xu Ping's talent and the tragedy of relegation. The first paragraph is about the fact that Xu Jun is very talented but can't be used in the end; In the second paragraph, the misfortunes of maverick and trend peeper set off Xu Jun's frustration. The third paragraph is about Xu Jun's funeral. The inscription in the fourth paragraph is only over 20 words, which summarizes Xu Ping's life experience and implies strong grief and indignation. There are many discussions in the full text, and the mood is generous and sad.

3. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions: 20. C21.c22.a23.b24.d25. (1) Hu Yuan is in charge of imperial academy and can be called a great scholar. His students seldom follow him.

(2) Ouyang Fa's official position, regardless of size, is neither hasty nor brief. What he created cannot be changed by later generations. Analysis 20. Test analysis: this question examines the ability to understand the meaning and usage of notional words in classical Chinese.

When thinking, we can analyze and judge according to the specific context of the paragraph where the added words are located. Item c, application: explanation, indication. So choose C.

Know the meaning and usage of common notional words in classical Chinese. The ability level is understanding B.

When explaining the content words in classical Chinese, we should pay attention to those words that often appear in the texts we have learned, those words whose meanings are quite different from those in modern Chinese, and those words with more than one word. The notional words in classical Chinese should be explained by standardized modern Chinese words, and appropriate explanations should be given according to the actual meaning of the words in the sentence, so that the tone before and after the sentence is smooth and the meaning is clear and correct.

Specific analysis should be combined with specific context analysis. For example, the meaning of "expressing" in item C of this question can be judged by referring to "discussing the right and wrong of things and meeting many powerful people" and "not willing to act rashly with it" below.

2 1. Question analysis: This question examines the ability to understand the meaning and usage of function words in classical Chinese. Item A, ① conjunctions and table juxtaposition; 2 conjunctions, table modification.

B. 1 pronoun, he; (2) Modal adverbs, indicating commands or prayers. C. pronouns, like this; D.① verb, think; Think of it as, take away ... as.

So choose the location of C. test center to understand the meaning and usage of function words commonly used in classical Chinese.

The ability level is to understand B. The function words commonly used in classical Chinese 18: er, he, Hu, Nai, Qi, and, if, what, what, how, also, by, because, in, and then, the person, it.

Among them, "because, by, by, by, by, by, by, by, by, by, by, by, by" is especially favored by college entrance examination proposers, and it is the "old face" in college entrance examination papers over the years. When making function words in classical Chinese, we should focus on "meaning" and "usage". "Meaning" is in terms of expression, and "usage" is in terms of part of speech.

The most convenient and quick way is to substitute the meaning and usage of function words in textbooks into extracurricular sentences for comparative verification. For the function words in the material, we should consider them in combination with the context; Pay attention to the accumulation of 18 function words, especially the typical sentences in the textbook.

For example, in item C of this question, the word "zhi" is preceded by a person's name and followed by "person", so here are all pronouns "like this". 22. Test analysis: This question examines the ability of sentence breaking in classical Chinese.

According to sentence meaning, subject-predicate, verb-object and other sentence patterns, the whole sentence can be broken first, and then some iconic words in classical Chinese can be combined. For example, "monarch and minister" and "self".

Main idea of this sentence: only discuss the original theory of the ancients. Since written records, he has learned about the lineage of monarchs and ministers, institutional cultural relics, astronomy and geography, and so on. The location of the test center can be broken sentences in classical Chinese.

The ability level is E-level. Read the article through several times and punctuate the sentences, so as to have an overall perception of the full text. If it can be broken, break it first, then gradually narrow the scope, then concentrate on analyzing difficult sentences and make corresponding adjustments according to the relationship with the context. Find the function words in classical Chinese, such as "Qi, Er, Ruo, Fu, Qi, Gai, Ran, Shi" and modal particles, such as "Zhi, Ye, Yi, Yi, Yan, Zai, Hu", which are often used at the end of sentences. Conjunctions such as "I, Yu, Wei, Er, Ze" are often used in sentences. 2. Check the dialogue: such as "Yue" and "Yun"; 3. According to rhetoric: such as truth, parallelism, duality, symmetry, repetition, etc. 4. Discriminate sentence patterns: such as the fixed structure "… who, … also"; 5. Words that express the relationship of judgment, such as "Wei, Nai, namely, Ze".

6. Use the position of nouns and pronouns. Nouns are often used as subjects and objects.

Find nouns as subjects, such as names, titles, place names, etc. 7. Words indicating time, etc.

8. Some words that are often placed at the beginning of a sentence, such as "must, all". 9. Sentences are broken by finding objects.

23. Test analysis: This question examines the memory ability and information screening ability of literary common sense. To solve this problem, you can find out the wrong options according to your usual accumulation.

Item B "Confucius giving lectures in Xingtan is a imperial academy model" error. Confucius set up a private school, which is a private school, and imperial academy is a national university. So choose B.

Locate the test center and remember the common sense of literature. The ability level is a back, which is an early warning of error. Although this kind of question is to test the ability of screening information, it is actually to test the candidate's memory ability of literary common sense.

This kind of question type can easily make candidates think that they can find the answer from the text, but in fact, the content of the examination mainly depends on the accumulation of literary common sense and continuous review and consolidation by candidates. The expression of literary common sense in the options often secretly changes dynasties, management departments, figures and other contents. This makes the candidates very confused, so we must distinguish carefully when thinking.

For example, item B of this question confuses the nature of "private studies" and "Chinese studies" to confuse candidates. 24. test analysis: this question examines the ability to analyze and understand the content of the article.

According to the perception of the content of the article, we can carefully distinguish the subtle differences between the options and the original text. Item D "Su Shi asked Zhang Lei to write this epitaph" is wrong, and it is the inscription of Ouyang Xianqiu, the son of Ouyang Fa. So choose D.

The location of the test center summarizes the main points of the content and the central meaning. The ability level is analytical synthesis C.

The common angles of setting mistakes in skill guidance are: misinterpreting the meaning of words, exaggerating, generalizing, being arrogant, reversing right and wrong, confusing cause and effect, time sequence dislocation (time sequence inversion), making things out of nothing, and adding details. The wrong setting of one of the wrong items is hidden and confusing, and often some contents and words that are inconsistent with the original time, place, people and events are set on the premise of being generally correct.

When you do the questions, you should carefully scrutinize and compare them carefully. For example, this question, item D, is wrong.

25. Problem analysis: This question examines the ability to translate problems. When translating, we should put the sentences to be translated back into the context to understand, and also pay attention to literal translation as much as possible, implement the meanings of key words in sentences, make up for omitted components, and translate special sentences according to modern Chinese habits.

For example, use: use; Pick up: pick up; Binding: constraint; Acts: students; Follow: follow; Cure:.

4. The original and translation of the ancient poem "Reading Answers and Translating with Bo Yong": Reading Classical Chinese with Bo Yong (19).

Tiansheng was the first scholar in five years, served as a Guo Jian Zi, and was sentenced to Huzhou. Call for testing and understanding Gwangju with works by Zuo Langzhiji Yuan Xian.

At the age of 20, people are hungry, thieves make people hoard, and officials should die. The public said, "This hungry person is begging for food, and famine is also merciful." Please use the theory of reducing death.

It was later ordered and has been in use ever since. Queen Guo was abandoned and lived in Hua Yao Palace. She fell ill and received the sympathy of the world.

When the party is abolished, it should be strong and healthy to be an official. When Wen is sick, he should also be the main doctor. If you die later, the arguer should be cunning.

Please pay attention to the suggestions and test according to the actual situation to solve the world's doubts. Although it is impossible, since the article has applied things, no one dares to point out that the latter article should be killed arbitrarily.

Yuan Hao rebelled, fought in the Western Expedition, and took the public as the ambassador of Shaanxi. According to the public, the four roads are dangerous and easy, and some roads should benefit from more soldiers, some roads should not be attacked by thieves, and some roads should be prepared urgently. As for the length of the materials, I will recommend more than 20 people who can use them, and they are all famous.

At that time, the frontier soldiers were newly defeated by Haoshui, and Ren Fu and others died. Today, the prime minister of Korea lost his law in a long-distance bus, seized the action and won the agreement, knowing Qin Zhou; Fan Wenzheng also didn't smell his move book Yuan Hao first, but took his move to take his appointment, knowing Yaozhou.

Because the public said that these two people are the best choice in the world, loyal and brave, the name moved to Yi Di. It is not appropriate to ignore them. Ren Fu was defeated because of violating the festival, especially not blaming the Lord. Because it is the will of the Prime Minister, Dogg can't discuss other issues.

Next year, thieves will enter Jingyuan, crusade against Sichuan and kill General Ge Huaimin. It is because the words of the public finger are a preparation, so the words of the public finger are credible from the beginning, and the previous discussion is implemented. At first, Zhang Yonghe, an official, took this into consideration and asked for three-tenths of the money from the palace to help handle state affairs.

In the next three divisions, Yonghe Yin sent people to benefit the public, which thought it impossible. The number of the capital is the language of flight, and it is often very short.

If you don't ask the world, the public will feel at ease. In public affairs, discussions are different and repetitive. As for it, it is not independent.

In the past, there were many interests in the world, and they were not named when they were implemented. Fair and pure, although expensive, do not forget to be frugal.

Everyone is loved, sincere and unpretentious, knowledgeable and well known. Many people recommend scholars as famous ministers at that time. There are fifty volumes in the anthology.

In the end, he dictated the legacy of Chunchen to his younger brother, worrying that the ancestral hall was the most important and the heir was not established. The son of heaven was upset, dropped out of school when he was in mourning and looked forward to the sun. He gave his left servant an injection, too often called Wen 'an.

(Excerpted from Ouyang Xiu's Epitaph of the King) 4. In the following sentences, the incorrect explanation of the additional words is A.

Then I ordered: remarkable. B.

To explain the world's doubts: eliminate. C.

Dogs can't: shelve. d .

Yonghe Yin sent people to move Gong Yin for profit: secretly. 5。

In the following groups of sentences, the sentence that shows Wang's integrity is ① asking the public to pay for his affairs, suggesting that it is inappropriate to ignore the facts and facts, especially not to criticize the Lord in depth, starting with public words as credible, and making public words impossible. ①②④ B .

①③⑤C .②③⑥ D .

④⑤⑥6。 The following summary and analysis of the original content is incorrect.

Wang's military ability is outstanding. When Yuanhao Uprising triggered the northwest border war, Wang put forward his unique views on stationing troops and deploying troops through on-the-spot investigation.

B. When Wang was appointed as the ambassador of Shaanxi Province, when the current prime minister of North Korea was demoted due to improper command and Ren Fu and others died in the war of good water, he dared to speak out.

C. When Wang was an official, he had to discuss it repeatedly with everyone when dealing with government affairs, until he reached an agreement, and he never stuck to his own opinions.

D. Wang Yisheng held several posts, serving the country and the people, and was still concerned about state affairs before his death.

The emperor personally attended his funeral and stopped his state affairs for one day to express his grief. 7。

Translate underlined sentences into modern Chinese. (10) (1) Hungry people are begging for food, and the victims of famine are also sympathetic. "

Please use the theory of reducing death. (2) People are loved by others, sincere, unpretentious, knowledgeable, and have many names. Many people recommended scholars as famous ministers at that time.

Reference answer: 4. A(3 points) 5, B(3 points) 6, B(3 points) 7, (1) "This is just a hungry person begging for food and deserves sympathy from the famine relief law." That's why I demand a commutation of the death penalty.

(2) Divided into the general idea, in which "famine: famine", "compassion: compassion" and "theory: punishment" each have 1 point. (2) (Wang) treats people sincerely, does not pretend to cover up, is good at knowing people, and often praises people. Many people he recommended became famous ministers at that time.

(2 points to the effect; "Encounter: treatment" and "affectation: false cover-up" are called "praise" and "praise" each 1 point. ) Wang, the word Bo Yong.

Tiansheng was the first scholar in five years, and was named as a supervisor and a provincial judge in Huzhou. After the emperor received him, he was named Gong Zuolang, who was on duty in Jixian Hospital and went out to know Gwangju.

There was a severe famine in Gwangju this year, and many robbers plundered the granaries of the people. According to the law, they should be sentenced to death. The king said to him, "This is just a hungry man begging for food, so we should sympathize with the famine relief." That's why I demand a commutation of the death penalty.

Then it was written into the rules and regulations, and these laws are still in use today. After the abolition of Queen Guo, she lived in Hua Yao Palace and fell ill. The emperor was very sympathetic to her.

Eunuch, eunuch, once assisted Queen Guo when she was abolished. When the queen was ill, Wen Ying was in charge of supervising medical treatment. When the queen was dying, some people suspected that Wen should have a conspiracy.

Wang asked that the matter be submitted to the censor for interrogation and to investigate the truth of the matter, thus eliminating the doubts in the world. Although I didn't do it in the end, since it was what I should do, no one dared to say anything. Later, Wen Ying was suddenly executed on charges of indulgence and bossiness.

Yuan Hao rebelled, and the court wanted to use troops to crusade against the West, making the king an envoy to Shaanxi. Wang explored the surrounding mountains, rivers, terrain and danger. When we go back, we will tell you which way to increase the number of troops, which way to attack without thieves and soldiers, and which way to prepare urgently.

When it comes to the ability of your generals, they are well informed and recommended more than 20 people who can be used. Later, these people became famous. At that time, the border troops had just lost the battle in Haoshui, and Ren Fu and others died.

At that time, the prime minister of Korea was the commander in chief, but he was dismissed because of improper command and asking for permission. He knew Qin Zhou; Gong (Fan Zhongyan) also has correspondence with Yuan Hao because he doesn't know Yuan Hao's rebellion. I was dismissed from my post and recruited an assistant, knowing Yaozhou. Wang went on to say that these two people are the first choice in the world. They are loyal and brave and famous in Yidi. They shouldn't.