What should we pay attention to when watching the total solar eclipse?

The sun is a celestial body that emits extremely strong light. Therefore, when observing the solar eclipse, never watch it directly with the naked eye. Even during the partial solar eclipse, when the sunlight is only blocked by a curved part, don't look directly with the naked eye, or you will be stabbed by the strong sunlight.

What is the safest way to watch a solar eclipse? Here are some common methods used by ordinary astronomy enthusiasts.

Safe way to watch the solar eclipse with naked eyes: The easiest way is to find a piece of glass, paint it with some ink or smoke it black, and use it to watch the solar eclipse, so as to protect your eyes from harm.

You can also use the exposed black and white film as a filter for observation. The method is to pull out the film, expose it in the sun for about 30 seconds, and then develop and fix it for enough time. Fold two negatives (never use one alone) and fix them in the middle with a cardboard frame, so you can watch the sun.

There is a filter called sun screen, which is a special plastic film. It can not only reduce the visible light in the sun, but also block the passage of infrared rays and ultraviolet rays in the sun. Therefore, it is very safe to observe the solar eclipse with naked eyes or telescopes. But because it is a very thin film, it is easy to be damaged and broken. Never observe the sun with a broken sunscreen.

Telescope observation: The binoculars commonly used for observing scenery are small in size, easy to carry, wide in field of vision, easy to find targets and cheap, so they are one of the ideal tools for observing solar eclipses. Usually 7×50 or 8×30 type can be selected. 7× means that the magnification is 7, and 50 means that the aperture of the lens is 50 mm The larger the lens, the stronger the light gathering ability and the higher the resolution.

At present, the refractive telescope on the market is an ideal tool for observing solar and lunar eclipses. There are many kinds, the price ranges from flat to expensive, and the magnification ranges from dozens to two or three hundred times. This kind of telescope mainly uses a group of convex lenses as the objective lens, and the light from the distant scene is imaged to the focus through the objective lens, and then the image is enlarged by the eyepiece. Some regular astronomical telescopes are mostly equipped with equatorial bases and complete accessories. The equatorial plane can easily track the movement of the sun, and with the camera, it can track the shooting. But this kind of refracting telescope is certainly more expensive.

Reflecting telescope can also be used to observe solar and lunar eclipses. However, because the lens barrel is not sealed, the air in the tube is heated by sunlight to form a disturbed airflow, which will affect the imaging quality and the observation effect is not ideal.

During the total solar eclipse, there may be sudden situations such as sudden drop of temperature, change of wind direction, increase of wind speed, sudden change of skylight and change of clouds. When the total solar eclipse occurs, what impact may our life, production and study have?

Street lights turn on the rescue site, and shifts are temporarily changed day and night: during the total solar eclipse on July 22, it was the peak period of going to school and going to work, and the day temporarily turned into night, which made you feel that time and space were staggered and hallucinated. People who go to work have a short rest, and traffic people stop or slow down because of the interesting natural phenomenon of total solar eclipse.

Short-term obstruction of urban operation: when the total solar eclipse occurs, the whole sky will be dark, and the city's traffic, shipping, highways, aerial photography and field work, architecture, medical care, teaching, business activities and social security will all be affected by the sudden darkness. The sky suddenly darkens, drivers are distracted, aerial work and hospital surgery may be suspended, and the operation of the city will slow down or stop because of the short-term darkness of the sky.

Communication influence is disturbed: the celestial gravity and luminosity changes caused by the total solar eclipse may have communication influence on communication system, network transmission, power transmission and use, and may even be blocked or even interrupted for a short time. There is no need to tune or change channels at this time, and all the phenomena are only temporary.

Don't be confused when it suddenly gets dark: when it is completely dark, no matter where you are or what you are doing, don't be flustered, confused or blindly protected when watching the total solar eclipse.

Know in time, be prepared and take your time.

In order to avoid traffic accidents, street lamps and other lighting equipment should be turned on. The public will be informed when the sky will turn black, and vehicles will be stopped, so that drivers and passengers can enjoy the spectacular sight of the total solar eclipse when it turns black completely in five minutes.

Know the specific "dark" time through newspapers, television, radio and other channels.

Drivers, aerial workers, outdoor tourists, etc. Arrange their schedule in advance according to the shady time of the total solar eclipse. Construction, transportation and other industries need to take safety measures in advance to prevent safety accidents caused by "dark night" for 4~5 minutes. After the total solar eclipse, drivers on the road should immediately turn on the lights to slow down and drive carefully. At the same time, aerial workers should also avoid accidents caused by suddenly reaching out and not seeing five fingers.