The growth of dandelion

Dandelion, a perennial herb in Compositae, can be used as medicine, and has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, relieving pain and removing blood stasis. Its young shoots and leaves can be eaten raw or fried, and can also be made into soup and cold salad. In recent years, dandelion, as a precious wild vegetable, has been listed as the top grade on the dining table. Wild dandelion has strong adaptability, likes light and cold, and is drought-resistant and barren-resistant, and resistant to pests and diseases. The root system is straight, the taproot is thick, the leaves are flat, and the base is clustered in a rosette shape, about 15cm long and about 5cm wide. Tongue-shaped flowers, yellow, with flower heads at the top of flower stems, cross-pollinated. It can bloom twice a year, with 3-5 crowns per plant and 40-50 grains per crown. The fruit is thin, spindle-shaped, with brown surface and crown hair, which can spread with the wind when it matures.

Cultivation points ① Seed treatment. Soak seeds in water at 50℃ and accelerate germination at 25℃. 2 sow. Before sowing, apply sufficient base fertilizer, plough deeply, and make a seedbed with width 100 cm and height 15 cm or plant it in a small ridge with width of 45 cm. Ridges 60 ~ 65 cm wide can be raised on the reserved ground. Dandelion is propagated by seeds, and the seeds have no dormancy period. Mature harvested seeds can be sown at any time from spring to autumn according to market demand, and can be sown in greenhouse in winter. 165438+1sowing, seedling raising and transplanting in greenhouse from late October to early February. If cultivated in greenhouse or small and medium-sized arch shed, plastic film can be buckled in February-March of the following year, and new buds can be harvested in late March. At this time, the price is higher and the economic benefit is considerable. In the open field, drill sowing is adopted, shallow horizontal furrows are opened at the edge of the border with a row spacing of 25-30cm, the sowing width is about 1cm, and the seeds are covered with 1cm, and then slightly suppressed. The sowing amount is 2 ~ 3 grams per square meter. Sow seeds in the flat border, using 1400 ~ 2000 grams of seeds every 667 square meters. After sowing, cover the grass and keep warm, and uncover it when it emerges, and the seedlings can emerge in about 7 days. ③ Field management. Dandelion is often planted in loose soil during its growth. The seedlings became seedlings when there were 4 ~ 5 true leaves and 8 ~ 10 true leaves. Transplanted seedlings can be planted or put on the market for sale. Generally, the seedling spacing is 3 ~ 5 cm, and the fixed seedling spacing is 8 ~10 cm; The planting distance in the greenhouse is 6 cm. Keeping the soil moist is the key to dandelion growth. After each thinning and harvesting 1 time, combined with watering, apply 1 time effective nitrogen fertilizer. Do not water for 3 ~ 4 days after harvesting to prevent root rot. Before overwintering, pour frozen water and apply overwintering fertilizer. After turning green in spring, apply quick-acting fertilizer combined with irrigation. (4) harvesting. Dandelion generally does not pick leaves in the year of sowing, so as to promote its vigorous growth, make the new buds of the plant robust in the early spring of next year, and produce tender leaves with good quality and high yield. 1 year can be harvested 1 time or not. At the seedling stage, you can pick the big leaves outside in batches or cut the leaves except the heart leaves with a knife.