Present situation of water resources utilization and forecast of supply and demand in Meizhou city

13.2. 1 current situation of water resources utilization

The water supply characteristics and reasons of 13.2. 1.

In 2003, the total water supply of eight counties (cities, districts) in the city was 265.438+82 million m3, of which the surface water supply was 65.438+95 million m3, accounting for 96.5438+0.4%, and the groundwater supply was 65.438+87 million m3, accounting for 8.6%. In the surface water supply, the water storage project supplies 973 million m3, accounting for 48.8%, the water transfer project supplies 785 million m3, accounting for 39.3%, and the water lifting project supplies 237 million m3, accounting for 1 1.9%. Groundwater source water supply is basically shallow groundwater.

From the perspective of water consumption structure, in the total water consumption of 210.82 billion m3, farmland irrigation is the largest, reaching/kloc-0 1.465438 billion m3, accounting for 64.6% of the total water consumption, followed by industrial water consumption, accounting for10.57%, agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery water consumption accounting for 8.0%, and rural domestic water consumption.

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Table13.1Statistical unit of water consumption of counties (cities, districts) in Meizhou in 2003: 10,000 m3.

According to the table 13. 1, the current water consumption in Meizhou mainly includes industrial water, agricultural water, urban domestic water and rural domestic water. According to the data analysis of Meizhou Water Resources Bulletin in 2003, the characteristics of water consumption in Meizhou are as follows:

(1) The city's comprehensive water consumption per capita is 445m3, but the comprehensive water consumption per capita varies greatly among counties (cities, districts), with dapu county being the least, only 322m3, and Jiaoling being the largest, reaching 73 1m3.

(2) In terms of water consumption, the city's per capita daily water consumption is 228L, of which Meijiang District is the largest, reaching 34 1L, and xingning city is the smallest, only 128L.

(3) The comprehensive water consumption per mu of cultivated land in the city is 1 105m3, of which Meijiang District is the largest, reaching 37 15m3, and dapu county is the smallest, reaching 857m3.

(4) The utilization rate of local water resources in the whole city is 19.9%, among which Meijiang District is the largest, accounting for 62.7%, and Fengshun County is the smallest, accounting for 13.3%.

Why are these characteristics formed? The author thinks that the possible reasons are as follows: ① Jiaoling County is relatively developed in industry (there are many cement enterprises), with a large water consumption, but a small population and a large comprehensive water consumption per capita; (2) Meijiang District is mostly an urban population, with relatively sufficient water resources and relatively perfect water supply facilities, so the per capita daily water consumption in cities and towns is the largest; (3) Due to the large-scale development of suburban agriculture in Meijiang District, the irrigation water consumption is large, so the comprehensive water consumption per mu of cultivated land is the largest; ④ The total amount of water resources in Fengshun County is the highest among all counties in the city, reaching 2.385 billion m3, but the total amount of water used is lower than that in xingning city and Wuhua County, and there is little hydropower development in China, with the lowest utilization rate of water resources.

13.2. 1.2 Comprehensive utilization of water resources

Only when resources have played a variety of values can they be said to have been fully and reasonably utilized. Meizhou mountain area is rich in hydraulic resources. However, like the outside world, for a long time, water resources, along with trees, stone carvings, sea of clouds and sunrise, have only been regarded as one of the ornamental objects of the landscape, and no in-depth tourism development and utilization has been carried out. With the development of modern science and technology, hydropower stations in mountainous areas are gradually developed into hydropower stations. It has become a fixed thinking of some people to develop hydropower stations as long as there are waterfalls and rapids. There are more than 60 hydropower stations 160, large and small, in only one county in Meizhou mountainous area. The location of Fengshun Longjing River rafting project is also relatively fast. Dalonghua Town originally planned to build a hydropower station here, and has completed geological and hydrological exploration and construction drawing design. However, the county party committee and government decided to stop the construction of hydropower station and develop drifting tourism after comprehensive consideration after learning that the river section can also develop drifting projects, and some investors were interested in it, and negotiated with the Dalonghua town government to give appropriate economic compensation, which fully contributed to the completion of this new tourism project [3].

In recent years, private water conservancy has become a bright spot in Meizhou. According to statistics, there are more than 35,000 private water conservancy enterprises 100 in Meizhou. In 2002, the income of private water conservancy economy in Meizhou was 3.35 billion yuan, and the tax paid was 654.38+0.2 billion yuan [4]. Among them, Qingliangshan Water Conservancy Project is the first project in Meizhou to adopt BOT mode (construction, operation and transfer). The total investment of the project is more than 270 million yuan. Meizhou Daily (2005-06-05) consists of a medium-sized reservoir, two small reservoirs, a water diversion system and four power stations.

(figure 13. 1). Pucheng Hydropower Station in Tai Po, located in Lijiaping section of the middle and lower reaches of Meitan River, was built by Guangzhou Disabled Persons' Federation with an investment of more than 20 million yuan, with an installed capacity of 1.890 kW, which belongs to the seventh level of the 9-level development power station planned by Meitan River. After the completion of the hydropower station, it will give full play to the regulation function of the upstream cascade hydropower stations, make the maximum use of Meitan river water resources, and thus promote the development of the county's power industry.

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Figure 13. 1 Top view of Qingliangshan Reservoir in Meizhou City

13.2.2 water demand forecast

According to the current situation of water use in 1997 and the long-term water supply and demand planning of Meizhou City compiled by 1996, the current water use level, development trend in recent years, natural, social and historical habits are analyzed, different increase (decrease) rates and corresponding water use indicators are selected, and the principle of "throttling first, supplemented by open source" is implemented to meet the water demand of all industries in the city.

Table 13.2 Annual Water Demand Forecast of Meizhou City: 10,000 m3

sequential

13.2.3 analysis of supply and demand balance

If we compare the current situation of water consumption in 2003, we can get the balance table of water resources supply and demand (table 13.3). It can be seen from Table 13.3 that in terms of water consumption structure, the water demand for industrial and urban life increases rapidly, with a large water shortage, while the water demand for agricultural and rural life increases slowly, with a small water shortage. The author thinks that with the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, and considering the popularization of water-saving technology, the above prediction results basically meet the requirements.

Table 13.3 Meizhou Guarantee Rate 90% Balance of Supply and Demand Water Table Unit: 100 million m3