The stories of famous people in Linqu and their thoughts after reading them.

Feng Weimin (15 1 1 ~ about 1580) was an essayist in the Ming Dynasty. The word you made, no. Floating in the sea. Shandong linqu people. I have been to Nanjing, Pingliang and Shiqian with my father since I was a child. Smart and eager to learn, Feng Weimin's hometown is Linqu, with talented people and foresight. He, his brother Wei Jian and his younger brother Weiner are famous for their poems, and they call themselves "four phoenixes who kiss Feng Weimin". In the 16th year of Sejong Jiajing (1537), he was a scholar, and in the 25th year, he was a scholar. He was arrested for offending Shandong patrol section. Later, he served as laishui county magistrate. Because of punishing "Hao Min", he was not tolerated by powerful people, slandered Professor Fu Xue of Zhenjiang and moved the capital to Baoding for sentencing. 157 1 At the end of the year (five years), they were transferred to trial and resigned. In the spring of the following year, he abandoned his official position and returned to Linqu, where he built a pavilion called "Jiangnan" on the bank of Laolongwan under the floating mountain at sea. Because he is called a man floating on the sea, he and his peers sing for it, and he works hard to support himself to the end. His works include Hai Fu Shan Tang Ci Draft, Shimen Collection, Jiajing Linqu County Annals, and Wanli Baoding Tongzhi, among which there are many excellent works that uphold justice and respect historical facts. The collection of Sanqu, which has a great influence on later generations, is the Ci Draft of Haifushantang, in which the sufferings of farmers, worries after rain and the feeling of cutting wheat reflect his sympathy for farmers' sufferings. Other works, either satirizing greed, stabbing abuse, poking abuse, or exposing evil, are all works that warn the public. Therefore, Wang Shizhen rated his Sanqu as "outstanding". His drama Offenders of Monks and Monks, through the story of adultery between monks and nuns, was later judged as husband and wife by the government, pointing out that "sharing a room with men and women is a big relationship between people" and "passing it down from generation to generation" is a matter of course. He used this to openly declare war on hypocrisy. He was born in an official's family, and the habits of aristocratic children are hard to get rid of. In his works, there are also some love affairs and other works. Feng Weimin was born in his father Feng Yu's office in Jinzhou, Zhili. Later, he moved from Jinzhou to Nanjing with his father, from Nanjing to Pingliang, Gansu, and from Gansu to Shiqian, Guizhou. When he was young, he roamed most of China. Feng Yu, a Texan, knows the difficulty of reading, so he personally teaches his younger brother Feng Weimin to read when he is busy with official business and tired of traveling. Feng Weimin is gifted and intelligent, and his articles are helpful. "Ya Li Hong Si, although young, has surprised the elders." (Biography of Feng Weimin in Yidu County) In the 16th year of Jiajing of Emperor Shizong of Ming Dynasty (153 1), Feng Weimin participated in the rural examination for the first time and was recognized by the invigilator and famous writer Wang's Portrait of Wang. Since then, I have tried again and again. He was very angry at the corruption of the imperial examination system, refused to be an official and lived in seclusion. However, he did not forget the reality, so he was able to write a preface that sharply criticized the real bureaucracy, "Zhenggong, Xu Woting returned to the field." This passion is by no means a temporary emotional impulse, but a volcano that moves from time to time and sometimes forms fiery magma, which is expressed through his first Sanqu. This long-term formation has formed the fundamental theme of his Sanqu creation and cast his generous creative style. During the period of "sleeping in Maolin deep rock", he sang with friends such as Xu Woting and Xie. Xie's "Returning to the Field and a Flower in Lunan" describes the scene at that time: "Thirty years of gratitude to the temple, ready to travel thousands of miles. I don't like big officials ringing bells, I'm not tired of home cooking, and I don't care much about small villages. Draw a building, a field, and mediate the leisure and enjoyment of the years. There are three glasses of wine and some poems. Sometimes I can't stay in Dongshan, and I can't look back if I miss my life. " China has a lot of cynical vulgar words. At this time, Li Kaixian also confessed his responsibilities and went to his hometown of Zhangqiu Xiushui. Li Kaixian was a master of Sanqu in Ming Dynasty and was good at all kinds of arts. There is also a thousands of books Pavilion at home, which contains many secrets from the world. Feng Weimin received Li Kaixian in Beijing, and returned to offer his condolences with a preface to "Lu Xian Dian Jiang Lips Li Zhonglu Return to the Field". In the * * * language with Li Zhonglu, he strengthened his literature: "Poetry comes from nature and there is only one person; The basic point of view is "sound and political communication are all vulgar", which opposes the retro trend of thought advocated by the first seven scholars. "In order to practice his literary thoughts, he once wrote six short poems, which are simple and natural. Feng Weimin did not forget the world; Feng Weimin can't escape the laws of current politics. Mao Peng, one of the "four sons", ruled Shandong and had a voice in politics. However, his successor Duan Guyan opposed Mao Peng's way, which greatly incited political abuse. In a supplementary explanation, Feng Weimin denounced Duan's cruelty, greed, cruelty, satire and exposure of Duan's three realms, Lu Chunyang's investigation of good and evil, the complaint of a child and a skeleton, and the complaint of a god of wealth. For example, write his greedy face: "If you have money, make it quickly. If you have no money, don't panic. Find a way to retract the confession. Steal from me a brick on the bridge of gold and silver, oil by the water stove, two painted jars of folk metaphor for tyranny, and burn the residual firewood and charcoal in the pit. If there is no such arrangement, then take off a dress with me (Lv Chunyang Sanjie Test). Another example is to write that it knocks the bone and sucks the marrow, but it turns into a dead bone: "The iron broom is the king of sweeping the floor, and the leather fence is a cornucopia, which is fished out from the Internet. It's hard to escape in a scutiger hole, so how can wolves and tigers escape from their mouths? Heart of stone, heartless. Count your hair and look for it in your teeth. " ("The Playboy Hates the God of Wealth") These three great commanders laughed and cursed, and their pens were sharp, no doubt like a giant sword, stabbing at the dark reality, which became the most glorious chapter with realistic fighting spirit in his Sanqu. Throughout the Ming Dynasty, the creation of Sanqu was rarely compared with it. However, this angered Duan Guyan and sent Feng Weimin to prison. From then on, he was determined to go into politics. At the age of 52, he went to Beijing and was elected as the magistrate of Laishui. He looks very proud. From the perspective of "loyalty and dedication", he is an official. He fulfilled his promise and went to work in Laishui. "It's a pity that you don't care about your relatives. Don't take your family with you, only one child will accompany you (preface to Gong Zheng Zheng Zheng Zheng Hao Zhai Yi's First Academic Record). After Ren Laishui County made the order, he was "the best in governing the city"; Even those who want to trap him have to admit: "At this point, the city is governed by a ditch and the trees are lush. What he called "a hundred miles change" ("a flower in Lunan, a county official sells willows"). However, he was not used to pandering and ignored the hints of asking for bribes, so he offended the imperial envoys, so he talked about impunity and trampled on Feng Weimin's creed of "serving the country faithfully". Because there was no empirical evidence, Feng Weimin had to be transferred to Jingkou and awarded a professor at Zhenjiang University. Even if it was a part-time job, Feng Weimin took this opportunity to go to Jinling to see the remains of the Six Dynasties, and the ideas of "nothingness" and "for me" flooded again. During this period, I got to know more Sanqu people like Jin Luan, many of whom sang and sang, but after all, it was "Six Dynasties sigh and rise and fall through the ages" ("Huang Zhong drunk Huayin, rewarded White"), which prompted him to return to Linqu Wild Garden and repeat the mistake of "Maolin deep rock falls". When Feng Weimin died, he wrote the Sanqu "Drunken Taiping Family Instructions", admonishing his children to "lay down their lives for gluttony" and "obey heaven, be willing to be stupid when taking advantage", which is generally a portrayal of his principles of being a man. Feng Weimin practiced justice all his life and finally expressed his descendants with the virtue of benevolence and righteousness. Although Feng Weimin died in a mountain house, his virtue and his amazing works made him famous. The editor's works in this section include the manuscript of Hai Fu Shan Tang Ci, Shimen Collection, Jiajing Linqu County Annals, Wanli Baoding Tongzhi, etc., among which there are many excellent works that uphold justice and respect historical facts. The anthology of Sanqu, which has great influence on later generations, is the manuscript of Hai Fu Shan Tang Ci. Feng Weimin's complete works, such as Peasants' Suffering, Worrying about Rain and Feeling of Cutting Wheat, show his sympathy for peasants' sufferings. Other works, either satirizing greed, stabbing abuse, poking abuse, or exposing evil, are all works that warn the public. Therefore, Wang Shizhen commented that his Sanqu was "original". His drama Offenders of Monks and Monks, through the story of adultery between monks and nuns, was later judged as husband and wife by the government, pointing out that "sharing a room with men and women is a big relationship between people" and "passing it down from generation to generation" is a matter of course. He used this to openly declare war on hypocrisy. He was born in an official's family, and the habits of aristocratic children are hard to get rid of. In his works, there are also some love affairs and other works. Feng Weimin's Sanqu Collection is Hai Fu Shan Tang Ci Draft, and his whole poem is Feng Hai Fu Collection. Among them, the drama The Offender of Monks and Monks has distinctive features, which is the most profound reflection on capitalism in the Ming Dynasty and has epoch-making enlightenment significance. Although Feng Weimin has been an official for more than ten years, he is frustrated because of trivial matters. He expressed his cynical and carefree feelings in Sanqu, and his poem "Returning to the Field" is very sincere. His Sanqu can break away from the stereotype of mourning for the past and weariness of the world, talking about meditation and seclusion, and talking about men's and women's amorous feelings, expanding the theme to all aspects of social life and enriching the content of his works. Cartoons reflecting people's sufferings. First of all, some of his works exposed political darkness and social abuses. There are satirical ruling groups that are corrupt and incompetent and reverse right and wrong, such as (Qingjiang cited) "Eight Needless" and (Chao) "Xieguan Society"; There are also those who condemn corrupt officials for carving and undressing, such as (drunken Taiping) "Li Zhonglu's drunken night talk" (new water order) and "Ten beauties were beaten with sticks"; There are also those who expose that the upper class will cheat, such as (correctly) "Xu Woting Returning to the Field", "A Flower" and "Playing the Piano for Donkeys"; Some people expressed their dissatisfaction with the imperial examination system, such as (Pink Butterfly), The Prefectural Order of the Secretariat of the State, The Order of Folding laurels and Riding a Wheelbarrow with Friends. There are also accusations that charlatans cheat money and harm people, such as "four techniques" Secondly, he also has many works that care about farming and sympathize with farmers, such as (Hu XVIII) The Feeling of Cutting Wheat, Gui Ling, The Feeling of Cutting Grain, The Sound of Fishing River, the sufferings of farmers, and Happy Rain, Bitter Rain, Bitter Wind and Happy Sunny (all above). In addition, he also has some songs, such as These works all show a certain depth of thought. Articles such as "satire" are lost in decadence, exposing the author's negative side. Editing this passage has made Feng Weimin's Sanqu famous for its artistic style of elegance and boldness, but there are also many fresh and beautiful works. His works are full of slang and proverbs, which are not borrowed, rarely carved, humorous and vivid, and maintain the natural beauty of Sanqu. Cartoons that reflect the sufferings of the people sometimes have classics, history, poems and condensed words, which are dismissed at will, and naturally there is no shortcoming of being blunt and dry. In a word, from the basic point of view, his achievements far exceeded those of his contemporaries, which made Sanqu in Ming Dynasty reach a new peak. Critics have always spoken highly of Qu Feng. For example, Wang Shizhen said: "The North Transfer ... Recently, Feng Tong only judged sensitively that he was outstanding. He is rigid and slow, all the songs are used up, and his talent is enough to make it; Don't use too many colors and too many northern sounds. It's a small flaw in your ear. "The artistic value of his Sanqu is mainly reflected in three aspects: strong realistic critical spirit, unique perspective of drawing materials and bold and open artistic style. These achievements made Feng Weimin a master of Sanqu School in Ming Dynasty, and established his historical position in the history of Sanqu in China. In the literary world in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, traditional poetry declined, with narrow subject matter, exquisite form and full of music in Nanyin. Feng Weimin corrected the disadvantages of the times, inherited the fine tradition of literature in the early Yuan Dynasty, and created a large number of Sanqu works with profound thoughts, long interest, simple language and bold and healthy style by using the music form of Beiqu, which made important contributions to the development of China's poetry and literature.