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How should photography be composed?

Basic requirements for photographic composition

1. The subject should be prominent and the picture should be prioritized and should not be disorganized. There are many ways to highlight the subject. For example, the chiaroscuro method means that the subject is bright and the background is dark, or vice versa. Color contrast, size contrast, etc.

2. Picture balance

Is the basic requirement for picture composition. The so-called balance refers to the visual balance of the composition elements presented on the left, right, top and bottom of the picture with the center of the picture as the fulcrum. Specifically, it means that the visual image of the left, right, up and down in the picture should not be too full on one side and too empty on the other side, or too heavy on one side and too light on the other side. A balanced composition gives people a sense of stability, comfort, and harmony. Unbalanced composition gives people an unstable and abnormal feeling. The composition of a TV picture should generally make the picture balanced. But the balance of the picture can be broken through. In open composition, the imbalance of the picture is its performance characteristic. This is often used to express abnormal mental states.

Why should the picture be balanced? There are many different explanations for this. "Happiness theory" believes that all human behavior is to pursue happiness and happiness and avoid those unpleasant things. Balance makes people happy. Another explanation is that the composition must be balanced because the human body is balanced, and maintaining the balance of the human body is the most basic need of human beings. An unbalanced composition can make people feel uncomfortable. There is also a more common explanation that there is a universal state of equilibrium in human life. For example, when we decorate a room, we always put beds, tables, TVs, sofas and other large items in appropriate positions to make them balanced. No one knows how to do this. Place them all on one side of the house, leaving the other side empty. This requirement for balance in life is a common aesthetic psychology among people. Because there is balance in life and people's aesthetic psychology requires balance, the balance of composition has an objective basis. But composition as a form of expression is also highly subjective. Balance is a method, and imbalance is also a method. Balance and imbalance each have their own expressive characteristics. For example, if you are reporting on the messy scene of an underground food processing factory, using an unbalanced, chaotic, and poor composition may be more conducive to reporting this event. On the contrary, when you want to express the architectural beauty of the Great Wall, you need to use a balanced, complete, beautiful and harmonious composition. Therefore, whether the picture is balanced or unbalanced depends entirely on what you express and how you express it. It does not require that every picture must be balanced. The balance and imbalance of the picture are relative. The balance of the picture is a means, not the end. The means serves to express the content or theme. The balance and imbalance of the picture must have a certain purpose. In film and television works, in order to express specific meanings, they are intentionally treated into an imbalanced state. Although both balanced and unbalanced compositions can express specific meanings, a large number of general image processing should focus on balance. Especially for beginners, don't deliberately pursue imbalance in the picture regardless of whether the content requires it at the beginning, which will make people uncomfortable. This should be avoided.

3. Pay attention to light selection. Photography is the art of light painting. You must choose the light that suits the subject's expression and use the strokes of light to draw the most beautiful picture.

4. Unity of diversity

Unity of diversity, also known as harmony, is the basic law of beauty in all art forms and the general law of picture composition. The unity of diversity is the application of the law of unity of opposites in art. The law of the unity of opposites reveals that all things are a unity of opposites, containing contradictions. The two sides of the contradiction are opposite and unified at the same time, full of struggle, thus promoting the development of things. Unity of diversity is a unity of contradictions. When used in picture composition, it means that the picture must be diverse and varied, but also unified and regular, without clutter. Diversity without unity will result in chaos; unity without diversity will result in monotony, rigidity and lifelessness. In short, the composition should be complex but not chaotic, unified but not dead. When shooting different scenes, we should strive to achieve diversity and unity.

The application of diversity and unity in the composition of the picture, specifically, is to reasonably arrange many scattered objects of expression in the picture according to the principle of realizing the subject, so as to achieve the content and form