Answers and Analysis of Tianjin Paper of Chinese in College Entrance Examination in 2008

In 2008, colleges and universities enrolled students in the national unified examination (Tianjin volume) Chinese.

This paper is divided into two parts: the first volume (multiple choice questions) and the second volume. The score is *** 150, and the examination time is 150 minutes. Volume I, pages 1 to 6, and volume II, pages 7 to 12. After the exam, return this paper together with the answer sheet. ?

Volume one?

Precautions:

1. Before answering the first volume, candidates must scribble their names, admission ticket numbers and subjects on the answer sheet, and paste the bar code of the exam at the specified position. ?

2. After choosing the answer for each question, black the answer label of the corresponding question on the answer sheet with a pencil. If you need to change it, clean it with an eraser, and then choose to apply other answer labels. The answer on the test paper is invalid.

3. This volume contains *** 14 small questions, with 3 points for each small question and 42 points for * * *.

I. (12)

1. The correct pronunciation groups of all the words added in the following words are

A. stuffy (mēn) hot moment (juān) wanted moment (jí) salty and (yù) reform Que Ning without (wú) abuse.

B. Zodiac (xiāo) gram (kē) buckle Vatican (fàn) text mix (hun) fish and water square (Ru?) round chisel.

C.(cāo) Miscellaneous tension (běng) Putting on a face (dě ng) Loyalty (shà) Kinship favoritism (xún) Personal fraud

D. The more Zhuo (zhuó) collapses (pǐ), the less money (jū), the more self-made (zuò), and the more unruly (jié).

2. The groups without typos in the following words are

A. tattoos are treacherous. Do you never get tired of exquisite food and meticulous care?

B. It turns out that the stone tablet on the pier still takes a broom home, and you can still enjoy your daughter?

C. concise and generous, instead of fighting for thousands of lives, how to fight for thousands of cliffs?

D. change, enjoy, and make it clear that an open gun is easy to hide, but a dark sword is difficult to prevent.

3. The most suitable group of words that should be filled in the horizontal lines of the following sentences is

Wang Fuzhi said in "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua" that "mourning with joy, mourning with Syaraku, its sorrow and joy are multiplied", and the poet's "Poem" is a typical example of mourning with joy.

When we make a speech, we often start with a humorous gossip to stimulate the interest of the audience and create a good environment for communication with the audience.

Afforestation in barren hills can not only produce wood, but also maintain soil and water, which is a good thing.

A. there are thousands of new rushes in the palace on the shore. who are you green for? Have the best of both worlds.

B: It's the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, killing two birds with one stone.

C. there are thousands of new rushes in the palace on the shore. who are you green for? Kill two birds with one stone?

D. It's a beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, and the atmosphere is the best of both worlds when the flowers fall.

4. The following sentence is not ill-chosen, and the sentence with clear meaning is

A. Civic virtue is the social ethical quality that social citizens should possess or the social virtue with exemplary significance that they actually show when they participate in social life practice.

B: We will definitely show the elegance of an ancient civilization at the Olympic Games. By then, our city will not only become more beautiful, but also everyone will be more civilized.

C. Some real estate agents expressed the same concern. They believe that buyers must consider the geographical location and housing conditions of the house and should not blindly follow the trend.

D. In order to celebrate the 60th birthday of Cannes Film Festival, the organizing committee specially invited 35 directors who won the Palme d 'Or in Cannes to shoot a 3-minute commemorative short film.

Second, (18)

Read the following text and complete questions 5 ~ 7. ?

Green economy is a new economy, which is not only based on knowledge, but also an economy in which human beings create green wealth. From the perspective of political economy, green economy includes green production, green circulation, green distribution and green consumption. Green economy is based on high technology. On the one hand, through the great role of scientific and technological forces, high-tech green products have greatly occupied the market and become the leading part of economic life, making low-income people afford green products and realizing social equity. On the other hand, within the carrying capacity of natural resources, technological progress should be limited to the track that is beneficial to human beings and the relationship between man and nature, so that the process of social production, circulation, distribution and consumption will not harm the environment and human health, that is, to seek harmony between man and nature according to human life or survival style. ?

Green economy not only includes the contents of ecological civilization and circular economy, but also pursues the maximum economic benefit with the minimum consumption of resources, maximizes the sustainable utilization and protection of natural resources and ecological environment on the basis of green health, and maximizes profits. Green economy is people-oriented, its main purpose is to serve people's needs and develop people, it takes into account personal interests and social interests, the interests of contemporary people and the interests of future generations, and it is a higher level of human egoism. The key to sustainable economic development lies in the sustainable utilization of ecological environment and resources, while the green economy ultimately emphasizes the sincerity of economic development, and pursues not the simple value of natural resources, but the dynamic sustainable utilization of ecological environment and natural resources. ?

As an economy that transcends "ecologism", the green economy will not simply look at the sustainable development of the economy from the perspective of protecting the environment and biodiversity, nor will it sacrifice economic development and social welfare for the ecological environment. It is hoped that through the harmonious development between man and nature, the healthy development of mankind can be better realized. ?

Green economy is different from circular economy. Although they are similar in saving resources, reducing pollution and recycling, green economy realizes green production, green circulation and green distribution through scientific and technological means, and realizes the harmony between man and nature in a dynamic way. Although circular economy also emphasizes "people-oriented", it is mainly realized by paying attention to and improving resources and environment, and it does not have the content of green distribution-ensuring that people with the lowest income can also buy and consume green products, while the theory of green economy emphasizes social equity far more than the content of circular economy.

5. The following is the correct understanding of "green economy"

The key to developing green economy is how to use high-tech means to develop natural resources. ?

B. The green economy revolves around the center of exchanging the minimum resource consumption for the maximum economic benefit, so that people can live in harmony with nature.

C. The green economy regulates technological progress on a certain track, which is not contradictory to the maximization of economic benefits.

D. The prominent features of green economy are saving resources, reducing pollution and protecting ecological environment.

6. One of the following statements that does not conform to the meaning of this article is

A. "Ecologism" can sacrifice economic development and social welfare in order to protect natural resources and ecological environment.

B green economy serves people's needs and development, and does not oppose personal interests. It actually embodies a kind of advanced human egoism.

C circular economy mainly realizes people-oriented pursuit by paying attention to and improving resources and environment.

D green economy, as a new economy based on knowledge and capable of creating green wealth, covers and surpasses "ecologism" and circular economy.

According to the information provided in this paper, one of the following inferences is unreasonable.

The developing green economy means that even people with the lowest income can buy and consume green products.

B. Only by realizing green production, green circulation, green circulation and green consumption can the harmony between man and nature be realized.

C. Green economy can not only maximize the use of natural resources, but also better realize personal interests and achieve a win-win situation.

D. Green economy is an ideal economic form, which is more comprehensive than circular economy in terms of social equity.

Read the following text and complete question 8 ~ 10. ?

In a certain area, millions of acres of trees are defoliated by gypsy moth, which is a periodic phenomenon. When studying these sudden pests, scientists found that the affected trees released toxic chemicals, mainly phenol, into their leaves, thus inhibiting the growth of moth larvae and reducing the number of female moths laying eggs. At the same time, phenol also makes moth eggs smaller, thus inhibiting the growth of moth larvae in the coming year, because the number of eggs is directly related to the size of the moth, and the size of the moth depends on the degree of nutrition obtained by its larvae. Therefore, the defense mechanism of trees will have an impact on the fecundity of gypsy moth. ?

In addition, the gypsy moth is also vulnerable to the attack of nucleic acid polyhedrosis virus, the so-called wilt virus, which is an important killer of moth larvae in the outbreak year. Moth larvae swallowed leaves with virus (wrapped in protein balls) and suffered from wilt. The ingested protein balls melt and release thousands of viruses or virions. After about two weeks, it multiplied enough to fill the whole body cavity of moth larvae. When the moth larva dies, the virus is released and wrapped in a new protein ball synthesized by the moth larva tissue, waiting to be swallowed by other moth larvae. ?

Phenol often changes the activity of protein by combining with protein. Therefore, scientists focused on the effects of ingesting viruses and leaves at the same time on moth larvae. They found that the virus of oak leaves containing a lot of phenol was far less lethal to moth larvae than poplar leaves with low phenol content. Generally speaking, the higher the phenol content in leaves, the lower the fatality rate of the virus. Therefore, although phenol can inhibit the growth of moth larvae, it is these phenols that can also disable the Fusarium wilt virus, thus helping moth larvae survive. Oak leaves contain a lot of phenol, which can provide a safe shelter for moth larvae and is not affected by Fusarium wilt. On the poplar trees, the sudden situation of gypsy moth in the primary stage was quickly suppressed by the virus epidemic. ?

In-depth research shows that moth larvae are immune to Fusarium wilt virus, which is related to the increasingly serious defoliation of trees on which they depend. On the contrary, the self-defense of trees increases the threshold (critical value) of moth larvae infected with Fusarium wilt virus, which makes the moth larvae population increasingly dense, but at the same time it will not become more susceptible to virus infection. For these reasons, the benefits of phenol intake to moth larvae seem to exceed the cost.

8. The following understanding of the role of phenol is incorrect.

A. Phenol can weaken the reproduction of gypsy moth, reduce moth eggs and reduce the number of moth larvae.

B phenol can inhibit the growth of gypsy moth larvae, but it is more lethal to gypsy moth wilt virus.

C. When trees are invaded by moth larvae, phenol will be released, which can change the protein activity of the larvae.

D. In the case of a large-scale outbreak of moth diseases, it is better to release a small amount of phenol from trees with wilt virus.

9. One of the following statements is consistent with the meaning of this article.

A. Female moths that can lay eggs are more susceptible to Fusarium wilt, which will make their eggs smaller.

B. Phenol acts on moth larvae to enhance their immunity to Fusarium wilt virus and improve their survival rate.

C the higher the concentration of phenol in leaves, the more successful it is to protect trees from gypsy moth diseases.

D, Fusarium wilt virus wrapped in protein sphere can multiply in large quantities after entering moth larvae.

10. According to the information provided in this paper, one of the following inferences is unreasonable.

A. The survival and reproduction of wilt virus in moth larvae depend on the protein in the moth larvae it parasitizes.

B when gypsy moth disease first occurred in poplar, the inhibitory effect of Fusarium wilt virus was greater than that of phenol.

C wilt virus has lethal effect on Lymantria dispar, but it can't affect the population density of moth larvae.

D. After the moth larvae swallow the leaves with wilting virus, it is possible that the population will become more and more dense and the immunity will not be weakened.

Three. (12)

Read the following classical Chinese and complete 1 1 ~ 14. ?

Zi Mozi said: "The reason why benevolent people do things is to promote the benefits of the world and eliminate the harm of the world." But what's good for the world? What harm is there in the world? Zi Mozi said: "Today, countries attack each other, families usurp power from each other, people steal from each other, the monarch and ministers are disloyal, the father and son are unfilial, and the brothers are at odds, which will harm the world." ?

Since it's wrong, how can it be easy? Zi Mozi said, "It is easy to love each other and benefit each other." But what will be the way to love and benefit each other? Zi Mozi said: "If a country is regarded as its country, if a family is regarded as its home, if a person is regarded as his own body. Therefore, the monarch and ministers love each other without fighting, the housekeeper does not usurp the throne, the people love each other without stealing, the monarch and ministers love each other with loyalty, the father and son love each other with filial piety, and the brothers love each other with peace. Everyone in the world loves each other. The strong don't hold the weak, the public doesn't rob the widowed, the rich don't bully the poor, the expensive don't be arrogant, and the deceivers don't bully the fools. All disasters and resentments in the world can make those who don't get up live with love and be praised by benevolent people. " ?

Today, however, Mr. Wang said, "Of course, both are good, although the world is difficult." ?

Zi Mozi said, "A gentleman in the world doesn't know its benefits, so he argues its harm. In the past, Jin Wengong's bad clothes were worn by good people, so the ministers of Wen Gong all wore sheepskin. Wei took the sword and practiced silk as the crown, entered the monarch, and went out to practice in the DPRK. What is the reason? You did, so I did. In the past, King Chu Ling was a gentleman with a thin waist, so all the ministers of King Chu Ling took meals as a festival, threatening to rest and help the wall. Compared with the previous year, the color of North Korea has darkened. What is the reason? You say it, and I can do it. Once upon a time, the King of Yue lived simply and tried to be brave, teaching hundreds of officials a lesson. Yong's boat caught fire, so he tried his men and said,' This is the treasure of Yue'. The King of Yue personally drummed his men in. Scholars heard the drums, broke up and jumped into the fire, but there were more than a hundred people around the dead. The king of Yue struck gold and retreated. " . ?

Therefore, the late Zi Mo said, "My husband eats less rags, and in the name of death, it is difficult for all people in this world. If you say so, everyone can do it. " Love and mutual benefit are different. If the husband loves others, others will love them. Those who benefit others will benefit from it; The wicked, people are so evil; If you harm others, others will harm others. Why is it so difficult? Tex doesn't want politics, and Tex doesn't want to do it. "Today's gentleman, loyal to the world's rich and tired of its poverty, want to rule the world and tired of its chaos, should love each other, mutual benefit. This holy king's law is also indispensable for the rule of the world. " ?

("Mozi? Everything in love, abridged)

1 1. The explanation of the words added in the following sentences is incorrect.

A. Family and family usurp each other: robbery?

B. Person-to-person thief: stealing?

C. how simple is it: change?

D. Threat first, then threat: integration

12. The meanings and usages of the words added in the following sentences are different.

A. the reason why benevolent people do things is to publicize the benefits of the world and eliminate the harm of the world?

The reason why we dare not add soldiers to Zhao is because we are all here.

B. Can people who can't get up live with love in this place where the world is troubled by resentment?

Mu Zhi took slapping for grazing, while Han took Korea as the county, but it was a pity that there was no end to fighting.

C. Jin Wengong's rotten clothes?

There is no difference in the love between the king and the people.

D is loyal to the wealth of the world and hates its poverty?

Zhao Qiang is weak, but you are the lucky prince of Zhao.

13. Every sentence in the following items can reflect the main idea of this article.

(1) The monarch and the minister are loyal, the father and son are filial, and the brothers are harmonious. ?

(2) the strong do not hold the weak, the public do not rob the widowed, the rich do not bully the poor, the expensive are not arrogant, and the fraud does not bully the fool. ?

(3) the gentleman in the world, I don't know its benefits, argue its harm. ?

(4) People love husbands. ?

If you want to rule the world and hate its chaos, you will love each other and benefit each other. ?

6. This holy king's law, the rule of the world, must be done. ?

A.①②⑥ B. ①④⑤

C.②③⑤ D. ③④⑥

14. The following understanding and analysis of this article is incorrect.

A. "Benevolent people" in the text mainly refers to people who have a kind heart for others and practice benevolent policies.

B. By questioning Mr. Third Natural Section, this paper expounds the feasibility of "universal love", which is rigorous and convincing.

C. the benefits of "universal love" far outweigh the benefits of catering to the monarch. A gentleman doesn't know it, which is knowing small profits but not big profits.

D. In the fourth paragraph of this paper, examples are cited to demonstrate, and the arguments are discussed and explained in simple terms.

Volume II

Precautions:

1. Fill in the items in the sealed line clearly before answering the questions. ?

2. Answer directly on the test paper with a pen or ballpoint pen. ?

3. This volume is *** 1 1, and the score is *** 108.

Fourth, (18 points)?

15. Translate underlined sentences in classical Chinese into modern Chinese. (8 points)?

(1) Compared with the previous year, the dynasty was dark. What is the reason? You say it, and I can do it. ?

Translation:.

(2) those who benefit others benefit from it; Evil people, people are so evil. ?

Translation:.

(3) Why is it difficult to do this? In particular, you don't think that politicians and scholars don't think they are doing things. ?

Translation:.

16. Read the following poem and answer the questions. (5 points)?

Living in the mountains is Wang Wei's business?

The door of the hedge is closed, looking at the oblique sunlight in the evening. Crane perches on the surrounding pine trees, and tourists are left in cold and sparse places. ?

The bamboo knot has added a new layer of powder, and the old lotus leaf is red and red. Fishing boats on the ferry are shuttling little by little, and there are people coming and going everywhere.

(1) Analysis on the expression effect of the word "bian" in parallelism sentences. ?

A: Yes.

(2) What kind of scenery and feelings are written in the last four sentences of the poem? ?

A:

17. Fill in the blanks with the following sentences (only one of the two groups is selected)?

(1)① When Du Mu criticized the extravagant style of the rulers of Qin Dynasty in A Gong Fang Fu, he wrote: "The nails are phosphorus, but the tiles are uneven."

(2) Li Bai wrote in his poem that "the Great White Mountain, to the west, still has only Bird Path". It was once destroyed by earthquakes, and brave people lost their lives. "

(2)① Sima Qian wrote in Biographies of Qu Yuan: "Qu Ping's sick king listened to him because he was not clever, but Fang Zhengzhi refused to listen, so he wrote Li Sao with sad Zen."

2 Liu Yong wrote in the word "":"There is no thread in Doumen's account, and there is nostalgia, and Lanzhou urges it. , 。 "

Verb (abbreviation of verb) (18 points)