Why did Zhu Yuanzhang have two completely different portraits?

There used to be portraits of emperors, just as national leaders now have special photographers and royal painters. There is a popular story about Zhu Yuanzhang's portrait: after Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, he asked the painter to paint himself. The first painter who entered the palace was very serious, and he painted the portrait vividly, just like a real person. Seeing his ugly image, Zhu Yuanzhang was furious and pushed the painter out to behead him. The second one learned his lesson and was smart enough to paint Zhu Yuanzhang as a handsome man with good looks, regular facial features and good looks. When Zhu Yuanzhang saw himself, he was obviously fooling him, a natural painter who was born to die. The third is really clever, trying to figure out Zhu Yuanzhang's mind and pursuing "spirit likeness": the face is almost like a real person, and other parts follow the feelings, just like the photo studio now takes wedding photos of the bride and groom, and it is ambiguous to say yes orno. As a result, Zhu Yuanzhang is very happy to see his face, which looks like an emperor. Needless to say, the painter was rewarded, saved from death and put back home.

There is a message in "Folk Tales" that Zhu Yuanzhang's appearance is different from that of ordinary people. He may indeed be like Qin Shihuang, and his facial features are not harmonious and out of step.

But in that case, why did Zhu Yuanzhang allow these real portraits to spread among the people?

Zhu Yuanzhang's Ming Dynasty was based on expelling "dissidents" and saving the people from the mire. Even though Zhu Yuanzhang killed a lot of people and offended them, he killed many people who were at fault (he also killed people who were corrupt). Although he laid a heavy hand on them, it was harmless to the people and the world (in a sense). People should regard him as a god, or at least respect him very much. How can this ugly portrait of the savior leader be allowed to pass down? In addition, the laws and regulations of the Ming Dynasty were very strict. You can be caught cutting pig grass in front of Zhu Yuanzhang's Xiaoling Mausoleum. What is the crime of this painting at home? Don't say painting, don't even think about it!

Second, what did the Qing people do?

There is only one question, that is, what future generations, especially the Qing Dynasty, did.

From 1368, when Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor in Yingtian (Nanjing), to 1644, when Li Zicheng peasant rebels went to Beijing, Jingshan Park, Zhu Youjian and Ming Chengzu were forced to hang themselves, the Ming Dynasty ended in 277 and the Qing Dynasty began. Manchu dominated the Qing Dynasty, 1636, the name of the Jin regime after the reform of Qing Taizong. From 65438 to 0644, Fu Lin, the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty, drove away Li Zicheng and moved to Beijing. In several periods, the Qing Dynasty began a "tampering movement" step by step. For the need of rule, even books such as A Record of Ming Taizu were decorated by literati, vilifying the former dynasty and praising the land of the Qing Dynasty for thousands of years. It is conceivable that in this context, Zhu Yuanzhang, who was originally said to be weird and ugly, could not escape being "spoofed". A dynasty has fallen, can the founding emperor not be ridiculed?

At present, except for one or two versions, most of them were painted by people after the Ming Dynasty, and some versions are extremely imprecise. For example, Zhu Yuanzhang's crown was painted in the Qin and Han Dynasties, just like that worn by Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi. Obviously, this is an interesting painting. Zhu Yuanzhang's chin is as big as steamed bread. Physiologically, this is impossible unless he has a strange disease.

Third, Zhu Yuanzhang is ill.

▲ Comparison between the portrait of Zhu Yuanzhang in ming tomb and the portrait of the young monk discovered by experts.

The following paragraphs are fried from the internet ~ ~ ~

Now, medical experts have put forward a new theory about Zhu Yuanzhang's appearance. Zhan Huaiyi, director of neurosurgery in Bayi Hospital, judged from clinical experience that Zhu Yuanzhang has a very long chin, thick lips and a big nose ... all these indicate that Zhu Yuanzhang is likely to suffer from acromegaly.

■ Guess the reason 1: Too ugly.

"After I saw Zhu Yuanzhang's portrait in the Ming Tombs, my first reaction was that there was something wrong with this face because my career was sensitive." Zhan Huaiyi, director of neurosurgery at Bayi Hospital, said, "Judging from Zhu Yuanzhang's face, he is a typical acromegaly patient with a big nose, thick lips and an inclined chin."

Experts told reporters that the ancients compared the five mountains to faces, that is, forehead, nose, chin and two cheekbones. The history books describe Zhu Yuanzhang's face as "five mountains in the sky", which is why these five faces are particularly prominent and fat. On the other hand, acromegaly is caused by hyperfunction of anterior pituitary gland cells.

Patients with this disease are generally 30 to 40 years old, with enlarged hands and feet, enlarged face, protruding eyebrow arch, zygomatic bone and mandible (five mountains), enlarged ear and nose, rough teeth, enlarged lips and tongue, and increasingly ugly appearance. In addition, humpback, lumbar lordosis, rough skin, hyperthyroidism and other symptoms may occur, and even the posture is deformed and ugly.

However, Zhan Huaiyi also said that the portrait of Zhu Yuanzhang alone is not enough to diagnose whether he really suffers from acromegaly, because the characteristics of this disease are not limited to the face, but also the hands and feet will become bigger. But from the portrait, Zhu Yuanzhang's hands and feet are not bulky.

"Now, to judge whether you have acromegaly, we should check whether there is pituitary tumor in the brain through MRI. However, the ancient medical level was backward, and it was impossible to verify whether Zhu Yuanzhang had a brain tumor after middle age. We can only analyze Zhu Yuanzhang's condition through some files of the Ming Dynasty. " Zhan Huaiyi said.

■ Guess reason 2: camouflage in the middle.

Liu Wei, a 76-year-old Nanjing cultural and art person, also questioned Zhu Yuanzhang's appearance. "I found a portrait of Zhu Yuanzhang becoming a monk when he was young in China's Kings. Zhu Yuanzhang in this picture has a full face and regular facial features. I wonder how Zhu Yuanzhang looked so different when he was young? "

"If these two portraits are true, then it can be inferred that Zhu Yuanzhang suffered from acromegaly in middle age." Zhan Huaiyi said that the most typical feature of people suffering from acromegaly is that their faces have changed and become more and more ugly. "Our hospital often has such patients. They used to look good, but after a few years, their faces looked like magic. They have longer faces, thicker lips, bigger noses and bigger teeth. "

■ Guess reason 3: grumpy personality.

Experts told reporters that Zhu Yuanzhang's anxiety, killing, killing more and killing less all depend on his own emotional changes. So, is this grumpy personality also related to acromegaly?

Zhan Huaiyi told reporters that a person's bad temper or bad mood is not necessarily caused by acromegaly. However, acromegaly patients will suffer from memory loss, emotional anxiety and other symptoms due to pituitary adenoma compressing the nerves at the bottom of frontal lobe. Plus, the longer you get, the uglier you get, the worse your temper, and if you are a little unhappy, you will fly into a rage.

Fourth, genetic inheritance tells everything?

Friends who have seen the portraits of Zhu Yuanzhang's descendants may think that they are more handsome, because according to his 24 portraits of descendants, none of them are handsome, such as Judy's portrait.

But I guess it won't be ugly. Otherwise, how can Guo Canzi, a rich man who started an uprising in Haozhou, marry his adopted daughter Ma Xiuying to a poor monk who wants money, has no money and is not good-looking? Besides, looks are hereditary. Zhu Yuanzhang has 24 sons, including Zhu Biao and Judy. Why don't so many "dragons" with fat ears and big chins look like him? Judging from the portraits of Ming emperors, none of them are like this. On the contrary, it is similar to Zhu Yuanzhang's standard portrait. Therefore, the real Zhu Yuanzhang is not far from the standard image. If one day, Zhu Yuanzhang's mausoleum is opened, its remains are found and processed by modern computer three-dimensional restoration technology, the truth will come out and everything will be fine!