What are the three mountains and five mountains?

9.6 million square kilometers of land,

"Three mountains and five mountains", rivers and Wan Li,

Or magnificent, or beautiful and magical,

There are charming scenery everywhere.

If the land is the thick body of China,

Rivers are like the rushing blood of China.

Mountains form the backbone of China.

Scattered mountains, rolling hills and towering plateaus

Accounting for nearly 70% of the total land area of China,

It has created a magnificent scene of China's spectacular peaks and famous mountains.

Huashan sunrise

In traditional culture, "three mountains and five mountains" are often used to refer to the famous mountains in China.

The image of "Three Mountains" is ethereal,

Taoism, which originated from dust, has never been outside the "rivers and lakes".

The status of "Five Mountains" is respected,

Thanks to the Confucianism of China's entry into WTO, it has always been closely related to the "temple".

There are many versions in history about the specific mountains.

Penglai, abbot and Yingzhou have become the most popular Taoist "three mountains".

In the later cultural inheritance,

People refer to Huangshan Mountain, Lushan Mountain and Yandang Mountain as the "Three Mountains".

Mount Huangshan

"Wuyue returns without looking at the mountains, and Huangshan returns without looking at the mountains."

The feelings of future generations

Xu Xiake's admiration for climbing Huangshan Mountain in Ming Dynasty.

"Thin mountains at home and abroad, such as Huizhou Huangshan.

Huangshan, there are no mountains in the world, and the view is over! "

This is the origin of "there is no mountain in the world".

Stone monkeys look at the sea

The formation of Huangshan Mountain

Is the result of magmatic activity in geological history,

The main landscape of this area

It is a granite peak forest landform.

"The grandeur of Mount Tai, the preciseness of Mount Hua, the beauty of Mount Heng, the waterfall of Mount Lushan, the strange stone of flying geese and the coolness of Emei"

Because it has these characteristics of other famous mountains,

Huangshan Mountain is also called "the first wonder mountain in the world".

Huangshan qunfeng

The elevation of Lotus Peak, the main peak of Huangshan Mountain, is1864m.

It is also called the three main peaks with Guangmingding and Tiandu Peak.

Heavenly Capital Peak

Strange pines, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs are collectively called "four wonders".

Welcome pine has become a symbol of oriental etiquette culture.

sea of clouds

Huangshan was once overlooked by the blue-black rocks.

Known as Zhishan in history,

Renaming Huangshan originated from the legend of Xuanyuan Huangdi.

Later, this mountain became where it is today.

The origin of the name of Huangshan city.

Pine trees greet guests.

Yandangshan

"Famous mountains on the sea are the best in the world."

Yandangshan

It is a natural museum of volcanic magmatism.

It is characterized by extremely thick rhyolitic volcanic rocks.

As a relic of volcanic activity,

The geological history of Yandang Mountain is very complicated.

Two large-scale volcanic formations and revivals,

Among the numerous volcanic ruins along the southeast coast of China,

It is also very rare.

Yandangshan

Yandang Mountain is famous for its picturesque scenery.

The night view of Lingfeng and the flight of Lingyan are absolutely beautiful.

It is often called "the mountain of fairyland" by the world.

China is even called "the first mountain in the southeast" in history.

Yandang Lingfeng

Xu Xiake visited Yandang Mountain three times in Ming Dynasty,

With the sincere attitude of "visiting friends" and "doing it yourself", I left two travel notes.

Not only praised the colorful scenery of geese,

With the scientific spirit of pursuing truth

There have been many important geographical discoveries.

Dr Joseph Needham, author of History of Science and Technology in China.

He once commented on Xu Xiake's scientific investigation.

"His travel notes don't read like/kloc-written by scholars in the 7th century.

It's more like the record of a field explorer in the 20th century. "

Mount Lushan

On the bank of Poyang Lake, on the south bank of the Yangtze River, Kuanglu Gushan stands tall.

As an isolated mountain with mountains and no veins,

Geologically, it is a typical horst fault block mountain. The main peak Hanyang Peak is1474m above sea level.

Lushan Mountain is also rich in stratigraphic sections in the south of the Yangtze River.

Unique quaternary glacial remains,

It is the birthplace of China's Quaternary Glacier Theory.

Ruqin Lake

"Kuang Lu's wonderful performance is the best in the world"

Lushan Mountain is famous for its hero, wonder, danger and beauty.

Beautiful breeze, silver spring waterfall, sea of clouds wonders,

And the climate like midsummer and spring,

It has created a famous scenic spot and summer resort.

Lushan xihai

As well as historical celebrities and cultural relics.

It also makes Lushan a famous world cultural heritage.

Li Bai's Seven Wonders of Lushan Mountain

Look at Lushan Waterfall

It became a monument of China's romantic poetry.

Sandiequan in Lushan Mountain

Compared with the free and easy elegance of "Three Mountains",

The "Five Mountains" are more quaint and majestic.

The story of "Three Mountains" is rich and colorful, while "Five Mountains" is more like official history, which has been confirmed by the government for a long time.

The center of the ancient national order is not the geometric center of the border, but changes with the location of the capital, so most of the "Five Mountains" are located in the position relative to the capital of the feudal dynasty.

As early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, the "Five Mountains" in Erya and Shangshu Biography were recorded as "Daishan, Huo Heng, Huashan, Hengshan and Gaosong" respectively.

In the history of China, many local separatist forces or the Pian 'an Kingdom have a special liking for the "Five Mountains" and have been looking for sacrifices. In the unified dynasty of the Central Plains, from the beginning of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, emperors of all dynasties conducted extremely high-standard meditation and sacrifices to the "Five Mountains":

In the Tang dynasty, the five mountains were crowned king; In the Song Dynasty, it was named Emperor; In the yuan dynasty, he continued to be named emperor; In the Ming Dynasty, it was even named God.

Mount Tai

"The Mountain of China", "The first mountain in the world" and "The Five Mountains are the only ones"

There are thousands of waters in Qian Shan, and only Mount Tai enjoys this reputation.

Yuhuangfeng

Mount Tai dares to be the first of the five mountains.

Yuhuangding, the main peak of Mount Tai, is1545m above sea level.

Although the absolute altitude is not as high as the mountains in the west,

Standing in the east of North China Plain,

Above the Qilu Plain,

These mountains are steep and majestic,

In particular, the eighteen plates of Mount Tai are shaped like a Tianmen ladder.

It has always been regarded as a symbol of sublimity and sacredness.

Mount Tai is 18

Mount Tai is a world-famous natural landscape.

And famous cultural history,

The intersection and collision between nature and history,

Make Mount Tai the first world natural and cultural heritage in the world.

"Heroic, adventurous, strange, beautiful, mysterious and broad"

Tectonic movement not only endows Atai Mountain with a new natural landscape,

It also created a magnificent and simple Taishan stone-gneiss.

Mount Tai has a large number of complex geological structures and typical geological relics.

The oldest stratum in North China.

As a secondary structural unit of the North China Platform,

Taishan area has been nearly 3 billion years since Archean.

Historical records of geological evolution,

It is a natural laboratory to explore the mysteries of the early history of the earth.

Caishixi

The sky is out of reach, so a meditation ceremony was set up on Mount Tai to worship, hoping to get close to the gods. Emperors in history have sacrificed here many times.

Confucius also once "climbed Mount Tai, and the world was small".

A large number of cultural relics,

Make Taishan the epitome of eastern political culture.

It is also the place where China people's thought of "harmony between man and nature" is placed.

Mount Huashan

Xiyue Huashan, also known as Taihua.

It is bordered by the Yellow River in the north, Qinling Mountains in the south, Shanxi and Henan in the east and Chang 'an in the west.

Historically, it was the gateway for northwest China to enter and leave the Central Plains.

The main peak of Huashan Mountain is 2160m above sea level, ranking first among the "Five Mountains".

Xiyue Huashan

There are five peaks in Huashan Mountain.

Wild geese in the south wind, Chaoyang in the east wind,

Keywords Xifeng lotus, Beifeng Yuntai,

Zhongfeng jade girl,

The five peaks are shaped like lotus flowers.

Huashan Xifeng

"There is no stone in the mountain, no fine stone, not surprising.

Huashan is cut into five thousand miles, stone by stone! "What the ancients said is Huashan stone.

Scientific research agrees with this view,

The formation of Huashan Mountain can be understood as follows:

Composed of complete and huge granite,

Its embryonic form was formed about1.200 million years ago.

Granite rock mass is deformed under the action of internal and external dynamics of the earth.

After weathering and erosion, water erosion,

Finally, many dangerous peaks and towering walls shaped like knives were formed.

Huashan competition

"Who leans on the heavenly sword and cuts the heavenly peak",

Granite peak, a spectacular geological relic and landscape,

Let Huashan enjoy the reputation of "the best in the world"!

But because Huashan Mountain is too dangerous,

So before the Tang Dynasty, few people boarded the ship.

Taoism flourished after the Tang Dynasty,

Taoist priests gradually dug a dangerous road along the valley on the north slope.

Finally, "a road of ancient Huashan" was formed.

Mount Hengshan

Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue, also known as Huoshan Mountain in history,

It is famous for its forest-like mountain landscape.

Known as the "five mountains alone" reputation.

Haiyun Hengshan

Hengshan Mountain is located in the central and eastern part of Hunan Province.

The main body is composed of Yanshanian granite,

It has been eroded and eroded in the geological history of 200 million years.

It has developed into a typical granite landform in southern China.

Mount Hengshan main peak

In Nanyue District,

There are 20 peaks above 1000 meters above sea level.

There is a peak of 17 at an altitude of 500-1000 m.

The elevation of Zhurong Peak, the main peak, is 1300m.

These "Southern Tianzhu" groups stand in

Central Hunan Basin with an elevation below 100 m,

More obviously, the mountains are high and the valleys are deep, and the peaks are high and steep.

Hengshan Zhu Rongfeng

Nanyue was named Hengshan,

Because it's on the Twilight Wing in China on the 28th night,

"Living within our means", like a weighing instrument,

It can be called the weight of heaven and earth, and it can be "the balance of morality and things".

So it was named "Hengshan".

Because there is a "Changsha Star" next to the star,

Hengshan belonged to Changsha in ancient times.

So Hengshan also extended the title of "Shouyue".

"Immortality is better than Nanshan" is also a metaphor.

Hengshan Bulaofeng

Mount Hengshan

Hengshan Mountain in Beiyue, also known as Yuan Yue and Ziyue,

Historically, it referred to damao mountain, Hebei Province.

Today's Beiyue mainly refers to Hengshan Mountain in Hunyuan, Datong, Shanxi.

Hengshan Mountain Range spans Shanxi and Hebei provinces.

The mountains are winding and rolling, rushing like rows,

There are Yanmen in the west, Taihang in the east, Sanjin in the south and Dai Yun in the north.

It is the throat from the Great Wall Plateau to the Central Hebei Plain.

It is also a battleground for ancient military strategists.

Bei heng yue shan

500 million years of vicissitudes,

Hengshan Mountain has experienced many orogenic movements and crustal movements.

Finally, a fault mountain was formed.

Exposed a lot of ancient limestone.

The bedrock of Hengshan Mountain is exposed and severely weathered.

Created sharp peaks and deep valleys,

The relative height difference in many places exceeds1000 m.

Hengshangu

There are many peaks in Mount Hengshan that are more than 2000 meters above sea level.

Tianfengling, the main peak, is 2017m above sea level.

Known as "the pillar of mankind in the north" and "the famous mountain".

Hanging temple on the mountain,

Formerly known as "Kong Xuan Pavilion"

Built at 49 1,

It is a unique temple that combines Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism.

It is also famous for its preciseness of "there is a sky above, and there is a sky below".

Hengshan Kong Xuan Temple

Mount Songshan

Located at the core of Chinese civilization in the Yellow River Basin,

Songshan, a "foreign country", has long been recorded in history.

Songshan Mountain was called "sublime" and "mountain worship" in Xia and Shang Dynasties.

After Zhou Pingwang moved the capital to Luoyang in 77 BC/KLOC-0 BC,

With Songshan as the center,

Zuo Dai (Mount Tai) and You Hua (Huashan),

When Songshan Mountain was designated as Zhongyue Mountain, it was called "Zhongyue Songshan Mountain".

Song shan Ji junfeng

Songshan Mountain is usually divided into two parts: East and West.

There is a saying in the Book of Songs that "there is a field".

It is said that Taishi Mountain in the east,

The main peak is Ji Junfeng, with an altitude of1494m.

Shaoshi Mountain in the west,

The highest peak is Liantian Peak, with an altitude of 15 12m.

Mount Songshan

Shaoventricular peak

Songshan Mountain is located in the southern margin of the ancient land in North China.

Formed about 3.5 billion years ago.

Songshan has been completely exposed for 3.5 billion years.

Neoarchean, Proterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic

Magmatic rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks in five geological historical periods,

Has a complete stratigraphic profile of the North China platform,

It is called "five generations under one roof" by geological circles.

The Songyang Movement 2.5 billion years ago

The "Zhongyue Movement" 65.438+0.8 billion years ago

The Shaolin Movement 800 million years ago

These three strong global orogeny and land reclamation movements all took place here.

Left rich and clear geological relics,

Songshan Mountain is also known as Songshan Mountain.

An encyclopedia that records the evolution of the earth.

Songshan, Wu Yun

So what are the three mountains and five mountains?

In China, there are three mountains and five mountains.

Not only those geological relics with magical nature and infinite scenery,

Not only are there some famous historical mountains and skyscrapers,

But it carries the myriad customs of nature and humanity.

Melted in the blood of the nation, embodied in the arms of the national conditions at home,

Engraved in the memory of civilization.

Photo photography: Zhao Hongshan