Photographic composition and framing skills

With the development of science and technology, home cameras have reached a very high level in automatic exposure, automatic color adjustment, automatic white balance adjustment and automatic focusing. It is said that you can take good photos as long as you pick up the camera, but why do we often have "photographers" with advanced cameras around us to take amateur photos? Generally speaking, the reason for this phenomenon is basically that photographers ignore the matters needing attention in composition and framing. Let's take a look!

Photo framing

How can we take photos with clear theme, reasonable arrangement and proper position of the guest and the host? To understand this, we must understand the basic requirements of the framework. Viewing, in layman's terms, means that you observe and select the scenery through the viewfinder of the camera. Shooting directly reflects your comprehensive quality and what you think is beautiful, interesting and meaningful in the world.

So, what kind of framing is more suitable? Appropriate framing should at least meet the following two requirements: first, the photographer should make clear what the shooting theme is; Secondly, the scene intercepted by the picture is composed of lines, blocks, light and shade, etc. By changing the shooting distance, changing the angle and using the light, the original inconspicuous lines, blocks and light and shade can be pleasing to the eye, and the original chaotic scenes can be combined in an orderly way.

(Reflecting light and shadows)

A good photo can only have one center, and other scenery is to illustrate and contrast this center. When shooting, we should highlight and emphasize this center as much as possible, so that there is a master and a second time, and the priorities are clear. This center can be a person or a group of people, or a thing or a group of things.

In the face of complicated scenery, photographers should be able to grasp the center and boldly abandon all unnecessary things.

Photography, like painting, should pay attention to the picture layout. Through the layout, the picture of the photo is clear and the theme is prominent. The biggest difference between natural scenery and the scenery reflected in photos is that natural scenery is a big world, people can move their eyes to observe it from any angle, and the limited pictures can only be selected and photographed by you. Therefore, photographers should try their best to lay out and create artistic conception within the limited landscape framework, so as to achieve the requirements of highlighting the theme and the subject and making it representative.

From the perspective of framing, it can be divided into panoramic view, middle view and close-up.

Panorama is to show the whole scene. Taking a full-length portrait of a character is a panoramic view of the character. Through this full-length portrait of the character, we can fully understand the basic characteristics of the subject. To take photos of the venue, you have to show the scale and atmosphere of the whole venue. Taking panoramic photos can show the whole scene from a macro perspective, which is suitable for showing large scenes and reflecting a certain atmosphere and momentum.

Close-up mainly reflects the local and details of the subject, and sees the spirit in the nuances. For example, taking pictures of people, we only take pictures of people's heads, grasp their most representative eyes, faces, facial features, and even some details of skin texture and headdress, and strive to reveal people's inner thoughts and feelings, mental outlook and unique temperament. Close-up and panorama have their own advantages and disadvantages. Taking advantage of the panoramic view and capturing its spirit in close-up, photographers can experience it carefully in practice.

Mid shot is a picture form between panorama and close-up. The middle lens not only has some features of panoramic atmosphere, but also has some details. It is suitable for expressing plots and conveying feelings, so many photographers often use it. For example, taking portraits, not the whole person, not just the head, but most of them. In this way, the photographer can make full use of the posture of the subject, grasp its shape and posture, reflect the subject, and more importantly, shoot some connections between the subject and the people, scenery and things around him, and reveal the unique connotation of the environment, people and things (scenery) of the characters.

Others divide the scene into big close-ups, small close-ups, middle scenes, close-ups, distant views and panoramic views. This is only based on the change of shooting distance, further subdividing close-up, middle shot and panorama.

Composition of photos

Our photos are basically rectangular, so limited by the picture, we have to choose between vertical composition and banner composition.

Vertical composition

The outline of all scenes shows a certain combination of lines, and objects with different shapes have different lines. Trees, buildings, towers, etc. Show all vertical lines. Generally speaking, if there is not enough space, all the scenes showing vertical lines should be composed with vertical lines, which can not only show the grandeur of the scenery, but also reflect the whole picture of the subject.

When composing a picture as a vertical line, we should pay attention to changing the density of vertical lines, and don't let the vertical lines divide the picture evenly, otherwise it will appear too rigid. When you can use vertical composition, it depends on the actual needs. Because the scenery is objective, the expression method of photography should be suitable for the object of expression, but it cannot be the same. Sometimes, although some scenes present vertical lines and some authors use banners to compose pictures, they get unusual visual effects. This shows that any kind of scenery is expressed in different ways because of the photographer's different feelings and aesthetic tastes. Composition is to express content, and content determines form. Photographers should try to coordinate content and form.

Banner composition

Banner composition is to take pictures of the landscape with horizontal pictures. When the main line of the landscape is horizontal, banners are often used for composition, which can show a broad, open and majestic momentum, such as open grasslands and large areas of flowers.

Whether it is banner composition or vertical composition, photographers should pay attention to the main line of the scene, and don't let the main horizontal or vertical lines run through the whole picture. Because of the existence of these horizontal lines and vertical lines, the whole picture will be divided and the overall feeling of the whole picture will be destroyed.

Only through the composition with clear structure, harmonious light, harmonious tone and vivid plot can a photographer shoot a picture with perfect unity of content and form, arouse the audience's * * * sound and association, make people pleasing to the eye and obtain beautiful artistic enjoyment.

Special tips

Many people like to put the subject in the middle when taking pictures. In most cases, this is a no-no for taking pictures and composing pictures. Unless it is a standard image or an object with good symmetry, it is best to put the subject near the left third or right third of the picture, and the person's face should face the center of the picture, so that the picture will not appear dull.

When shooting, the picture should not be too full, and some space should be left for the subject to make the work more artistic.