Map history of Shanghai

The history of Shanghai map Shanghai was a fishing village in ancient times, and the county of Shanghai was in 1292. /kloc-became a prosperous commercial port in the 0/7th century, 1685 set up a customs office in Shanghai. Since then, Shanghai has become the "capital of southeast China". 1840 During 100 after the Opium War, Shanghai was reduced to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal city until 1949 was liberated in May. After liberation, especially the development of Pudong New Area in recent years, Shanghai has undergone remarkable changes, and today Shanghai is working hard towards the goal of becoming an international metropolis.

The geographical location of Shanghai, referred to as Shanghai for short, is located at 3 1 degree north latitude 14 minutes east longitude 12 1 degree 29 minutes. Shanghai is located in the front of the Yangtze River Delta, bordering the East China Sea in the east, Hangzhou Bay in the south, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces in the west and the Yangtze River estuary in the north. Shanghai is located in the middle of China's north and south coastlines, with convenient transportation, vast hinterland and superior geographical position. This is a good river port and seaport. Shanghai is the largest economic center and trading port in China. Located at the southeast end of the Yangtze River Delta. It is the largest comprehensive industrial city in China and an important center of science and technology, trade, finance and information in China. Shanghai enjoys a superior geographical position and is the transportation hub of China. Shanghai is not only a famous historical and cultural city, but also one of the important birthplaces of modern revolutionary movement. At present, we are striving to build Shanghai into an export-oriented, multi-functional, reasonable industrial structure, advanced science and technology and highly civilized socialist modern international city in accordance with the policy of revitalizing Shanghai, developing Pudong, serving the whole country and facing the world. Shanghai has a subtropical monsoon climate with four distinct seasons, abundant sunshine and rainfall, mild and humid climate, shorter spring and autumn, longer winter and summer, and an average annual temperature of about 16℃. The frost-free period of the whole year is about 230 days, and the average annual rainfall is about 1200mm. But 60% of the rainfall in a year is concentrated in the flood season from May to September, and there are three rainy seasons in the flood season: spring rain, plum rain and autumn rain. Shanghai covers an area of 6,340.5 square kilometers, accounting for 0.06% of the total area of China, with a length of120km from north to south and a width of100km from east to west. Among them, the urban area is 2643.06 square kilometers and the suburban area is 3697.44 square kilometers; The land area is 62 19 km2, and the water area is 122 km2. With an area of 104 1 km2, Chongming Island is the third largest island in China. Shanghai has 16 districts, 4 counties, ***205 towns, 9 townships, 99 sub-district offices, 3,278 residents' committees and 2,935 villagers' committees. .

Who knows the origin of these place names in Shanghai ~ ~ ~ Shanghai Road's name comes from the street names in Shanghai for the following reasons: First, it comes from the influence of concession. At the beginning of the British Concession, the name of the road was taken at will. 1862, the Anglo-American Concession was merged into the Commonwealth Concession, and there were different opinions on how to rectify the road names in the Concession. Finally, the two sides compromised and decided to name the north-south and east-west roads after China province and city respectively. 1On May 5th, 862, British Consul Mai Huatuo issued the Memorandum of Naming Shanghai Road, which stipulated the principle that the north and south streets were all named after provinces and the east and west streets were named after cities. The first batch was named 19. In order to commemorate the great benefits brought to them by treaty of nanking, the administrators of the concession named Pike Lane Nanjing Road, while the original Consulate Road was named Beijing Road, the capital of China. However, Shanghainese once rejected these road names, calling Nanjing Road the main road, followed by Jiujiang Road, hankou road Road, Fuzhou Road and Guangdong Road as No.2 Road, No.3 Road, No.4 Road and No.5 Road, and later called the shorter Beihai Road No.6 Road. It was not until 1949 that the road names set by the above foreigners were uniformly accepted. There is one exception. Guangdong Road runs east-west, but it has a provincial name. Because the name was originally in English, this road was changed to "CantanRoad", which can be understood as "Guangdong Road" and "Guangzhou Road" in early Chinese-foreign exchanges. Originally known as "Guangzhou Road", Chinese people translated it as "Guangdong Road". Second, the product of the Revolution of 1911. Shanghai is an important area of the Revolution of 1911, and the municipal construction is also deeply influenced by it. 19 12, Hanzhong Road, Manchuria Road (now Jinyuan Road), Mongolia Road, Xinjiang Road and * * * Road were named. The Chinese nation is a country where Han, Manchu, Mongolian and Tibetan live in harmony. The original "President Road" was changed to "Harmony Road", the section along Suzhou River in Lu Hong of Nanchuan was changed to "Guangfu Road", the eastern section was changed to "Guoqing Road" and Xinzhaqiao was changed to "Datong Road". Third, the product of the prosperous period of national capital. In the early years of the Republic of China, Shanghai's national capital developed rapidly and gathered in Zhabei area. In order to express the wish of rejuvenating China and prospering the nation, the newly-built roads are named Zhongxin Road, Yongxing Road, Zhonghua New Road, Hongxing Road, Huasheng Road, Huachang Road, CoCo Lee Road and Minde Road. Fourth, the product of the "Greater Shanghai Plan". At present, the roads around Wujiaochang and Jiangwan in Shanghai are mostly "people" and "countries". Because there was a "Great Shanghai Plan" during the Republic of China, five main roads were planned to be built radially with Wujiaochang as the center, and the main roads were connected by branches. For roads parallel to Songhu Road and Huangxing Road, the word "people" and "country" are used as the initials of road names, such as Minqing Road, Minyue Road, Minyi Road, Minzhuang Road, Fu Min Road, Guohe Road, Guo Jing Road and Ji Guo Road. Anyone who travels with Xiangyin Road should take the initials "Zheng" and "Fu", such as Lu, Lu, Zhengben Road and Zhengxi Road. Later, due to the Japanese invasion of Shanghai, the "Great Shanghai Plan" stopped, and the road with the prefix "Fu" was not completed. Five, * * * small changes in the city. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, * * * used the names of Fuxing, Jianguo and Zhongzheng as road names: To commemorate the heroes of the Republic of China, some roads were named after Linsen, Qi Mei and Ying Shi. Six, after the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up. In the early days of the founding of New China, 1950, * * * only changed the names of a few roads, and still followed the established standards for naming place names. During the period of 1979, Shanghai established three levels of place name management institutions to conduct place name survey and naming, and great changes have taken place. Mainly with the development of municipal construction, some original roads have been cancelled and some new roads have been added; At the same time, due to the construction of Pudong New Area and other development zones, hundreds of new residential areas have been added, and the number of roads has increased rapidly. These roads are all named with the breath of the new era. Throughout the naming history of place names in Shanghai, we can see four experiences: 1, respecting the history of city formation and development, making place names a vivid commemoration of each period; 2. Respect the participation of "foreigners" and do not completely deny the place names left by foreigners; 3. Give priority to the naming of established place names, and do not rule out the appropriate use of some names as place names; 4. In the period of reform, there must be new place names that embody the spirit of reform. With the continuous development of Shanghai, the urban area is expanding at an alarming rate. The demand for road names is more abundant, and the corresponding rules can only be based on a general principle. This principle is to use domestic place names as road names as much as possible, and the location of the naming area in the country should be roughly equivalent to the location of this road in Shanghai, without affecting the original main roads. This may be a way to express the unity of the whole country and the unity of the four seas, and it will also weaken the standard consciousness of Shanghainese. But when this desire for expression is too strong, the regional color of place names will also be stripped. East-west roads are named after cities and north-south roads are named after provinces, so Nanjing Road, Yan 'an Road, Fujian Road and Shandong Road are not necessarily more individual than Fifth Avenue or Sixteenth Avenue in New York. Under this guiding ideology, there is an interesting situation of regional road name clusters on the edge of Shanghai, and the place names of the same province are concentrated on the map together. Qinzhou Road and Liuzhou Road (both Guangxi place names) appear in the southwest corner, Anshan Road and Shuangyang Road (northeast place names) appear in the northeast corner, and Huma Road and Hulan Road (Heilongjiang place names) appear in the north. In fact, this rule has been used in Shanghai for a long time, but it has been working with the expansion of the urban area. At the same time, the new naming should take into account that it will not affect the original road names. So some areas are close on the map, but far away in Shanghai, and there are many interesting situations such as northeast clusters. The most typical ones are Chifeng Road and Duolun Road in Hongkou District, which are in the northeast corner of Shanghai. Now they are basically called "Shanghai Road" or "Lianyungang Road", which is very interesting. Based on this, an Anhui busybody asked the Shanghai Library: Why is there no Anhui Road in Shanghai? Very eloquent. This problem is very difficult for some comrades in Shanghai Library. My subjective guess is that there has never been a road that needs to be named in a place that may be named "Anhui Road". You know why there is no textual research.

The origin of Shanghai place names Road names are also a kind of place names, which are easy to remember, catchy and know how to write best when speaking, so it is a good choice to choose well-known place names as road names. In addition, there are many naming methods for Shanghai Road names, as follows: 1. The names of provinces, cities and counties are used in the north-south direction, such as Sichuan Road and Henan Road in the east-west direction, and Nanjing Road and Beijing Road in the secondary direction, such as Taicang Road 2. Use old place names, such as Old Jiaochang Road. South Station Road 3. Start-stop method (more common in suburbs) such as Yanggao Road (Yang Si-Gao Qiao) 4. Jingwei Fajing Road 1, Wei Wu Road 5. Zhangjiang Hi-Tech uses the names of China scientists in the east-west direction, such as Guo Shoujing Road in the north-south direction, such as Newton Road 6. The naming method of flowers in the flower area uses the names of flowers in the east-west direction, such as Peony Road in the north-south direction. For example: Baiyang Road 7. The foreign naming method of Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone takes one word for each foreign name and its city. For example, at that time, the citizens of Meisheng Road, Yiwei Road and Linde Road all made a plan of naming roads, with no special direction, and the main roads mostly adopted the names of major provinces and cities. The names of these roads haven't changed much since liberation. After liberation, the new regime wanted to change the road name of Shanghai. Later, a large number of national place names appeared, and of course, some original road names were retained. For example, Zhonghua Road is the original road name. Generally speaking, the place names of roads in Shanghai are the same as those of other provinces in China, such as the northeastern provinces of China, which are reflected in the place names of Shanghai. Songhua River Road, Anshan Road, etc. In Yangpu District, northeast of Shanghai. The naming rules of place names in Shanghai are: provincial names vertically (north-south direction) and city, region and county names below the provincial level horizontally (east-west direction), such as Nanjing Road, Jiujiang Road, hankou road Road, Fuzhou Road and Yan 'an Road. And Sichuan Road, Jiangxi Road, Henan Road, Fujian Road, Zhejiang Road, Guizhou Road, Guangxi Road and * * Road. -Vertical. Of course, there are exceptions, such as Guangdong Road, which is a provincial road, but it is horizontal. This rule is basically the same in the later application, and there may be more special cases. For example, Chengdu Road is vertical, but according to the rules, it should be used in the horizontal road name. I recommend you to read an article "Shanghai: Interpretation of Road Names and Cities □ Our reporter in Shanghai photographed Li's" Private Memory Archives ".A familiar place name often constitutes an ocean of memory, while a place name like a coral reef keeps a complicated secret, and there is a tacit understanding between people and place names. Some are ironic. Zhou Zexiong wrote in Memoirs of Shanghai: "My first love started on Huaxi Road, which is a good sign, but it was on Kaixuan Road that I fell into the waterloo of love. Another time, when I thought I had brought love from Wuning Road to Fumin Road, and then strode from Xiangyang Park in the city center to Linjiang Park, on a road called Unity, she and I almost lost our eggs. " Place names have their symbolic meaning, but this meaning can't be circulated and accepted collectively like RMB, that is, it can't be literal, it belongs to you, and you may not be able to tell others. Ms. Qiu's family lives in a small villa on the roadside in Sichuan, although she shares it with six families. Graduated from the famous Fuxing Middle School, at the top of Sichuan North Road. Every inch of asphalt cement on this road has witnessed her youth before she was 20 years old. In her words, "I know what every counter in every store in this street sells." But her territory has changed dramatically. Every time Ms. Qiu goes back to her parents' home to visit Sichuan Road, she will find some changes. When she said this, the corner of her eye moved upward, as if a queen were saying that the careless gardener in the back garden didn't trim it according to her wishes, and the result was "a mess". She used to be the well-deserved owner of this road, or at least one of the owners. Her husband, Mr. Zhou, is not. He was born in Hailar Road, not far from Sichuan Road. There is another road between the two roads, named siping road. In the densely populated Hongkou District, siping road used to be a dividing line, with shanty towns in Hailaer Road and other places in the east, mainly Su Beiren, and descendants of Cantonese such as Sichuan North Road and Ouyang Road in the west. In the days when Shanghai was relatively closed after 1949, there were two blocks and two classes on both sides of siping road. It took Teacher Zhou a great effort to get through these two blocks. Mr. Zhou returned to Hailar Road a few years ago and saw that the shanty town he loved and hated was demolished. It has become a new community with an average price of 7,000 yuan per square meter. He said that he felt "suddenly suffocated" and had to park his car and smoke for a long time. Everyone has a private portfolio about place names, and all kinds of place names have been filed separately by them in their own way. Enter the historical password of the city. For a city, place names are like a set of passwords. Only by knowing all the details of the city can we decipher them one by one. The process of Shanghai's urban expansion is the process of changing road names. The earliest urban area of Shanghai was limited to the south of Huangpu District, also called Heather (formerly a separate Heather District). A number of nonstandard road names, such as Shangwen Road, Lu Peng Road and Wang Yun Road, as well as many alleys named after local surnames, such as Wengjia Lane and Wu Jia Lane, have gathered. Perhaps Shanghai is too small and has a small population, so the mixed names of roads will not make people lost. With the changes in Shanghai, roads are widening, extending and docking, and these road names are gradually disappearing. But this area has been the core of Shanghai for the longest time, with hundreds of years-for young Shanghai, this figure is no different from prehistory. After 1840, Pidgin, a small river in the north of Heather, began to attract attention. This ordinary river has become the boundary river on the southern edge of the British Concession, and it has also become the boundary river between the "East" and "West" social systems. The two sides of the strait have also become a standard mixed place between China and foreign countries, so a series of neutral words have been named "Pidgin English". Due to the rapid population expansion and frequent exchanges between concessions, the riverside was paved. What road name to take, some arguments, and finally became named after the king of England, French.

Who knows the historical background of Shanghai? Open the map of the world, and you can clearly see that Shanghai is located on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, at the mouth of the Yangtze River, the largest river in China, and in the middle of China's coastline. Facing the ocean and connecting the inland, the location advantage has created the unique temperament of this city, with rivers and rivers, and the intersection of China and the West.

Shanghai has a history of more than 700 years and was once the international financial center of the Far East. Since China's reform and opening up, especially since the 1990s, Shanghai has seized the historical opportunity of Pudong's development and opening up, and great changes have taken place in its national economy, social undertakings and urban appearance. According to the new round of urban development master plan, by 2020, Shanghai will basically become a modern international metropolis and one of the international economic, financial, trade and shipping centers.

With a land area of 6,340 square kilometers and a permanent population of160,000, Shanghai is the largest economic center city and an important port city in China. The city's GDP has maintained a growth rate of more than 10% for eleven consecutive years. The degree of economic openness is constantly improving. Foreign businessmen from more than 65,438+000 countries (regions) have invested nearly 30,000 projects in Shanghai, involving financial insurance, trade services, modern logistics, microelectronics, automobiles, chemical industry, steel manufacturing and other fields. Shanghai Port has 74 10,000-ton deep-water berths and 20 international container terminals, and Yangshan international container transportation deep-water port is still under construction. Flights from Pudong and Hongqiao Airport lead to 14 1 city in 29 countries (regions). People flow, logistics, capital flow, technology flow and information flow gather and radiate here, and it is a vibrant city.

Shanghai is also a famous historical and cultural city in China. The Bund, known as the Western Modern Architecture Expo, has beautiful scenery on both sides of the Huangpu River, facing Pudong Lujiazui Financial and Trade Zone across the river, and there are many new buildings. The Yu Garden, Longhua Temple and other ancient gardens and monuments in this city are fascinating. International cultural exchange activities such as Shanghai International Art Festival and International Fashion Culture Festival are dizzying. Commercial centers such as Nanjing Road, Huaihai Road and Xujiahui Mall are crowded, and the most fashionable scenery is flowing. 20 10 Shanghai World Expo will attract 75 million tourists from home and abroad.

The origin of Shanghai Road's name Shanghai Road's name comes from the name of Shanghai Road for the following reasons: First, the influence from the concession. At the beginning of the British Concession, the name of the road was taken at will. 1862, the Anglo-American Concession was merged into the Commonwealth Concession, and there were different opinions on how to rectify the road names in the Concession. Finally, the two sides compromised and decided to name the north-south and east-west roads after China province and city respectively. 1On May 5th, 862, British Consul Mai Huatuo issued the Memorandum of Naming Shanghai Road, which stipulated the principle that the north and south streets were all named after provinces and the east and west streets were named after cities. The first batch was named 19. In order to commemorate the great benefits brought to them by treaty of nanking, the administrators of the concession named Pike Lane Nanjing Road, while the original Consulate Road was named Beijing Road, the capital of China. However, Shanghainese once rejected these road names, calling Nanjing Road the main road, followed by Jiujiang Road, hankou road Road, Fuzhou Road and Guangdong Road as No.2 Road, No.3 Road, No.4 Road and No.5 Road, and later called the shorter Beihai Road No.6 Road. It was not until 1949 that the road names set by the above foreigners were uniformly accepted. There is one exception. Guangdong Road runs east-west, but it has a provincial name. Because the name was originally in English, this road was changed to "CantanRoad", which can be understood as "Guangdong Road" and "Guangzhou Road" in early Chinese-foreign exchanges. Originally known as "Guangzhou Road", Chinese people translated it as "Guangdong Road". Second, the product of the Revolution of 1911. Shanghai is an important area of the Revolution of 1911, and the municipal construction is also deeply influenced by it. 19 12, Hanzhong Road, Manchuria Road (now Jinyuan Road), Mongolia Road, Xinjiang Road and * * * Road were named. The Chinese nation is a country where Han, Manchu, Mongolian and Tibetan live in harmony. The original "President Road" was changed to "Harmony Road", the section along Suzhou River in Lu Hong of Nanchuan was changed to "Guangfu Road", the eastern section was changed to "Guoqing Road" and Xinzhaqiao was changed to "Datong Road". Third, the product of the prosperous period of national capital. In the early years of the Republic of China, Shanghai's national capital developed rapidly and gathered in Zhabei area. In order to express the wish of rejuvenating China and prospering the nation, the newly-built roads are named Zhongxin Road, Yongxing Road, Zhonghua New Road, Hongxing Road, Huasheng Road, Huachang Road, CoCo Lee Road and Minde Road. Fourth, the product of the "Greater Shanghai Plan". At present, the roads around Wujiaochang and Jiangwan in Shanghai are mostly "people" and "countries". Because there was a "Great Shanghai Plan" during the Republic of China, five main roads were planned to be built radially with Wujiaochang as the center, and the main roads were connected by branches. For roads parallel to Songhu Road and Huangxing Road, the word "people" and "country" are used as the initials of road names, such as Minqing Road, Minyue Road, Minyi Road, Minzhuang Road, Fu Min Road, Guohe Road, Guo Jing Road and Ji Guo Road. Anyone who travels with Xiangyin Road should take the initials "Zheng" and "Fu", such as Lu, Lu, Zhengben Road and Zhengxi Road. Later, due to the Japanese invasion of Shanghai, the "Great Shanghai Plan" stopped, and the road with the prefix "Fu" was not completed. Five, * * * small changes in the city. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, * * * used the names of Fuxing, Jianguo and Zhongzheng as road names: To commemorate the heroes of the Republic of China, some roads were named after Linsen, Qi Mei and Ying Shi. Six, after the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up. In the early days of the founding of New China, 1950, * * * only changed the names of a few roads, and still followed the established standards for naming place names. During the period of 1979, Shanghai established three levels of place name management institutions to conduct place name survey and naming, and great changes have taken place. Mainly with the development of municipal construction, some original roads have been cancelled and some new roads have been added; At the same time, due to the construction of Pudong New Area and other development zones, hundreds of new residential areas have been added, and the number of roads has increased rapidly. These roads are all named with the breath of the new era. Throughout the naming history of place names in Shanghai, we can see four experiences: 1, respecting the history of city formation and development, making place names a vivid commemoration of each period; 2. Respect the participation of "foreigners" and do not completely deny the place names left by foreigners; 3. Give priority to the naming of established place names, and do not rule out the appropriate use of some names as place names; 4. In the period of reform, there must be new place names that embody the spirit of reform. With the continuous development of Shanghai, the urban area is expanding at an alarming rate. The demand for road names is more abundant, and the corresponding rules can only be based on a general principle. This principle is to use domestic place names as road names as much as possible, and the location of the naming area in the country should be roughly equivalent to the location of this road in Shanghai, without affecting the original main roads. This may be a way to express the unity of the whole country and the unity of the four seas, and it will also weaken the standard consciousness of Shanghainese. But when this desire for expression is too strong, the regional color of place names will also be stripped. East-west roads are named after cities and north-south roads are named after provinces, so Nanjing Road, Yan 'an Road, Fujian Road and Shandong Road are not necessarily more individual than Fifth Avenue or Sixteenth Avenue in New York. Under this guiding ideology, there is an interesting situation of regional road name clusters on the edge of Shanghai, and the place names of the same province are concentrated on the map together. Qinzhou Road and Liuzhou Road (both Guangxi place names) appear in the southwest corner, Anshan Road and Shuangyang Road (northeast place names) appear in the northeast corner, and Huma Road and Hulan Road (Heilongjiang place names) appear in the north. In fact, this rule has been used in Shanghai for a long time, but it has been working with the expansion of the urban area. At the same time, the new naming should take into account that it will not affect the original road names. So some areas are close on the map, but far away in Shanghai, and there are many interesting situations such as northeast clusters. The most typical ones are Chifeng Road and Duolun Road in Hongkou District, which are in the northeast corner of Shanghai. Now they are basically called "Shanghai Road" or "Lianyungang Road", which is very interesting. Based on this, an Anhui busybody asked the Shanghai Library: Why is there no Anhui Road in Shanghai? Very eloquent. This problem is very difficult for some comrades in Shanghai Library. My subjective guess is that there has never been a road that needs to be named in a place that may be named "Anhui Road". It is better to research why there is no "Anhui Road" than to research it.