Listening to politics in classical Chinese.

Listen: governance. Refers to the queen mother coming to the DPRK to manage state affairs.

The source "Old Tang Book Gao Zongji Xia": "The rubella of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty can't listen to the dynasty, and the political affairs are decided by Tianhou. Since the death of Shangguan Yi, every time I look at the imperial court, Tianhou Palace is hung behind the throne. I know the political affairs of the world in advance, and I am called the two saints inside and outside. "

After 1 ~, we are all subject to others, so it is not good to strike first. The usage of The Original Biography of Ashabuhua is formal; As predicate and attribute; Describing Empress Dowager Cixi's handling of state affairs, the synonyms of "crossing the line" and "Ji Sichen" are antonyms without riddles. ; Concerned about national affairs & gt；; .

2. The original text is as follows: Since Shangguan Yi was executed, every time Tang Gaozong went to court to discuss politics, Tianhou (later Wu Zetian) sat behind the emperor's throne and participated in politics, separated by a curtain. She has to intervene in every detail of government affairs, so she and the emperor are regarded as "double saints" inside and outside the government.

English translation:

Since Shangguan Yi was beheaded, whenever Emperor Gaozong held a court meeting, Tianhou would sit behind the scenes. This kind of rule is also called behind-the-scenes rule. She intervened in every detail of imperial rule, no matter how trivial, so she was called the second saint by the public together with the emperor.

3. The meaning of listening to politics in ancient Chinese: the original meaning is to listen to the sound with your ears.

Here, it is extended to "indirect form of governance". Politics: refers to national government affairs and political affairs.

Contact means managing and handling state affairs in an indirect way. "Listen to politics by hanging the curtain" comes from "Old Tang Book Gao Zong Ji Xia".

At that time, Tang Gaozong was ill and couldn't work. Wu Zetian, as the queen of heaven, hung behind the throne to handle state affairs instead of the emperor. Due to the limited status of ancient women, they could not directly face ministers and directly manage them.

So I got a curtain to cover it up, and then the minister reported that Wu Zetian "heard" and ordered this "indirect form" to achieve the goal. Therefore, it is called "hanging the curtain and listening to politics".

This method was adopted in the future when the empress or empress dowager and women took the place of the emperor in managing state affairs.

4. Yan Shu's answer to "Biography of Classical Chinese in Song Dynasty" Read the following classical Chinese and complete the L-4 question.

Yan Shu, with the same name as his uncle, is from Linchuan, Fuzhou. At the age of seven, you can return to the text. At the beginning of Jingdezhen, Zhang appeased Jiangnan and recommended him as a prodigy.

The emperor called Shu and more than a thousand Jinshi to try out the imperial court. He was not afraid to help him succeed. Emperor Jia rewarded him and gave him the same background as a scholar.

In the next two days, I reviewed my poems, poems and essays again, and I specially made a sentence: "I learned this poem privately, please try another topic." The emperor loves it without bullying, and it is good to have achievements.

Injong acceded to the throne, and Empress Xianming Zhang was granted the right to listen to political power by testamentary edict. Ding Wei, the prime minister of the Song Dynasty, and Cao Liyong, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, both wanted to see things alone, and no one dared to make up their minds.

Special advice: "the ministers played the latter, but they listened, but they didn't see it." The discussion decided.

Sitting in the palace, Zhao Yuqing Ying, a follower with a water pole, was extremely angry. He broke his teeth with a water pole, played the suggestion and learned Xuanzhou. A few months later, I moved to Tianfu and invited Fan Zhongyan to teach students and apprentices.

Since the five dynasties, the study of the world has been abolished since the beginning. Empress dowager cixi went to the ancestral temple to worship and invited the crowned servants. Empress Dowager Cixi asked questions, and she took the title of "Zhou Guan" as a compliment.

The Shaanxi side used troops, specifically asking the internal minister to supervise the soldiers, instead of giving orders to the generals with the array to let the enemy attack and defend; And recruit archers and teach them to prepare for battle. Please leave the palace to help the border.

Pay attention to realization. It's a good place to live. Celebrities in the world, such as Fan Zhongyan and Daofu Kong, have all left their homes.

And for the phase, beneficial service into the talent, and Zhong You, Han Qi, all use it, as for Taige, more than a temporary talent. The emperor is also interested in improving governance because of the group of talents, but it is inconvenient for small human rights.

Sun Fu and Cai Xiang said: "As the master of the world, Chen Fei gave birth to a sacred bow, but he specifically asked him to write a letter to Chen Fei's tomb without saying anything." He also talked about the welfare of the secret service officers and soldiers who managed the shed reform.

Sit down, go to work and get to know Yingzhou. However, it is unusual to provide a chapter to the back. It faces north Korea, so I dare not denounce it; Servicemen, who are funded by the minister's case, are called non-special crimes.

Over the years, I've been sick and immersed in drama, so I'll take a look. He immediately said, "I am old and ill. I can do it." The more I get, the less worried I am. "

It's gone. Although the emperor offered wine, he didn't take illness as hate, so he stayed for two days.

Give it to the middle school, give it to the Yuan family, and seal its monument with the title of "Monument of Old Learning". (Excerpted from Biography of Yan Shu in Song Dynasty, with abridgement) 1. In the following sentences, the explanation of the added words is incorrect: () A. Sitting in Congxing. Zhao Yuqing should go to the palace: visit B and invite him out of the palace ... to help the frontier: superfluous things C. However, provide a chapter for the rear. Facing the DPRK: justice D. The groups that directly show Yan Shu's outstanding talents are: (1) At the age of seven, they can be rewarded by the emperor, given a scholar background, and become angry from embarrassment. They are asked by the queen mother in return for blows, taking the official of the Chinese book as the phase, benefiting military affairs, promoting talents, playing with the management of soldiers, and doing special things and making rules, which has many benefits. A.124b.145c.256d. What is incorrect is that () A. Yan Shu took part in the imperial examination and changed the questions she had done during the second interview, which fully showed Yan Shu's outstanding literary talent and honest quality.

B. when Yan Shu was appointed as Tianfu, he established a school; Empress Dowager Cixi paid a visit to the ancestral temple, and he responded with Empress Dowager Cixi's costume stipulated in Zhou Guan. When fighting in Shaanxi, he put forward practical and effective military suggestions. It can be seen that Yan Shu has great literary talent and military strategy.

C. After Yan Shu became prime minister, he was more selective and had superior abilities. The emperor also wanted to use these talents to govern the world, but it was not realized because of the performance of Sun Fu and Cai Xiang.

D in this article, Yan Shu is portrayed in a positive way, but it is also set off in a side way. For example, when Yan Shu was seriously ill, the emperor would visit him personally to show Yan Shu's lofty status at that time.

4. Translate underlined sentences into modern Chinese. (8 points) (1) The emperor loves it without bullying, and if he achieves it, it is counted as good.

(4 points) (2) Although the emperor was offering a drink, he wished he could not see the doctor for two days. (4 points) Refer to the answer line 1. D: 2。 B2 is indirect; ③ Excellent talents; What did Sun Fu and Cai Xiang do? C was not implemented because many villains were temporarily reused. (1) The emperor likes him not to cheat. When he finished writing, the emperor called him hello again and again.

Reference point: 1 min for "love", "capital" and "number", meaning 1 min. Attention topic (2) Although the emperor personally visited the shrine, it was a pity that he did not visit his illness, so he specially grounded for two days to go to North Korea. Reference excavation point: "Use? For "hate" and "special", the score is 1, and the sentence meaning is 1.

You can write articles at the age of seven. In the early years of Jingdezhen, Zhang was an appeaser in the south of the Yangtze River and recommended Yan Shu to the court as a child prodigy.

The emperor ordered Yan Shu and more than 1000 Jinshi to go to the imperial court to take the exam. Yan Shu was not afraid at all. She picked up a pen and finished it in a short time. The emperor appreciated it very much and gave it to Jinshi as a whole.

Two days later, I took another test on poetry, fu and theory. Yan Shu said, "I once practiced writing this composition by myself, so please take the exam again."

The emperor likes him not to cheat, and after writing, the emperor says yes again and again. Injong acceded to the throne, and Empress Xianming Zhang obeyed the testamentary edict and temporarily resigned.

Ding Wei, Prime Minister of the Song Dynasty, and Cao Liyong, Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty, both wanted to see the Empress Dowager alone. No one in North Korea dares to decide this proposal. Yan Shu made a suggestion: "Tell the queen mother's minister that the queen mother can't see (the queen mother) after listening."

The plan has been decided. Because he followed the emperor to visit Zhao Ying Palace in Qing Yu, his entourage came late with a water board. Yan Shu was very angry and hit the man with a water board and broke his teeth. The suggestion impeached Yan Shu, who was dismissed from office and became the magistrate of Xuanzhou.

A few months later, he was transferred to Yingtianfu and asked Fan Zhongyan to teach students. Since the Five Dynasties, all schools in the world have been abandoned, and the (re-) establishment of schools began with Yan Shu.

Empress Dowager Cixi visited the ancestral temple and was asked to wear a crown to show her respect. Empress Dowager Cixi asked Yan Shu about this, and Yan Shu replied in the costume of Empress Dowager Cixi specified in Zhou Guan.

When the imperial court was fighting in Shaanxi, Yan Shu demanded that the internal minister be replaced, and the generals should not be ordered by force, so that they could decide their own offensive and defensive strategies according to the enemy's situation. Recruit archers and train them to fight. Yan Shu also demanded that the remaining cultural relics in the palace be sold to finance the border military expenditure.

These suggestions have been implemented. Yan Shu likes talents at ordinary times, and celebrities such as Fan Zhongyan and Daofu Kong come from his door.

When he became prime minister, he was more committed to recommending talents. Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi and Fu Bi were all promoted and reused, and even the positions were cabinets, which increased the talents at that time. The emperor also made up his mind.