Controversy over the Apollo program

However, more than 30 years later, Goldov published an article in public, expressing doubts about the photos taken by the United States on the moon. He believes that all the photos and video recordings taken by the so-called American astronauts on the moon were made in Hollywood studios. He stressed that he came to this conclusion after careful scientific analysis and certification. The main reasons are as follows:

1. No image can see the stars in the space background;

2. The direction of the shadow left by the object on the image is multi-directional, while the shadow formed by sunlight on the object should be in one direction;

3. In the photographic record, the stars and stripes inserted on the moon are flying in the wind, so it is impossible for the wind to blow up the flag on the moon;

Seeing astronauts walking on the surface of the moon from the documentary is just like walking on the ground. In fact, the gravity on the moon is much smaller than that on the earth, so every step on the moon is equivalent to jumping 5 to 6 meters on the ground;

When the lunar landing instrument moves on the surface of the moon, the speed of pebbles ejected under the wheel is the same as that of the earth, and the speed on the moon should be 6 times slower than that of the earth.

Goldov said that he questioned the photos and video records taken by American astronauts more than 30 years ago, not to deny the feat of American astronauts landing on the moon. He believes that American astronauts were close to the surface of the moon at that time, but failed to set foot on the moon for technical reasons. At that time, because the United States was eager to show its achievements to the whole world, it forged a number of moon landing photos and a documentary film, deceiving and deceiving the world for decades. He said that Ralph René, a famous American engineer, David Perry and Mary Bert, British scientists, all agreed with him.

Coincidentally, Professor Bill Kane, who claimed to be involved in the Apollo program, wrote a book called "We have never landed on the moon". In the book, he also listed some doubts about Apollo's moon landing plan, and even thought that the rocket carrying astronauts was indeed launched, but the target was not the moon, but the inaccessible South Pole, where the rocket was ejected from the command module and recovered by military aircraft. Then the astronauts went to the moon in the laboratory on earth, and finally entered the command module and were put into the Pacific Ocean to complete the so-called moon landing process. The question whether "Apollo moon landing program" is a hoax has aroused strong repercussions in the United States. People represented by the famous physics professor Hamlet affirmed the "deception theory". They believe that the Apollo moon landing scam is based on:

1, Apollo moon landing photos are pure forgeries.

According to the data released by NASA, the incident angle between the sun and the moon is only about 6-7 degrees, but the photos of the stars and stripes inserted on the moon show that the incident angle of the sun is about 30 degrees. The included angle of the shadow in the photo should be obtained 46 hours after taking the first step.

The video of Apollo landing on the moon was shot on the earth.

Through video analysis, the jumping action and height of astronauts on the surface of the moon are similar to those on the ground, but they do not conform to the characteristics of walking on the surface of the moon.

There is no laser reflector installed on the surface of the moon at all.

According to the data of an observatory in the United States, it can be calculated that the intensity of the reflected beam received by the laser receiver on the earth is only 1/200 of the reflected intensity of the reflector. In fact, this light beam is reflected by the moon itself. In other words, there is no laser reflector on the moon at all.

The progress of Apollo program is doubtful.

The United States did not develop the first Saturn V until 1967 65438+ 10, and conducted its first launch test on 65438+ 10/27. Unfortunately, three astronauts were smoked to death in the fire. Subsequently, the lunar module was redesigned, and the hardware development was delayed by 18 months. 1how is it possible to land on the moon once in July, 969?

5. Questioning Saturn V rocket and lunar module: Modern space shuttle can only send 20 tons of load into low orbit, but Saturn V can easily send more than 65,438+000 tons of load into earth orbit and push dozens of tons of objects out of the earth's gravitational circle. Why was it abandoned later? It is said that even the drawings have not been preserved?

6. The influence of temperature on photographic equipment

The surface of the moon can reach 12 1℃ in the daytime. According to the picture, the camera is exposed outside the spacesuit and there is no heat preservation measure. The film will curl when heated at 66℃. How to take pictures?

These people believe that the U.S. government has never explained all this, and the insiders may even be directly intimidated because they are worried that their lives will be affected, and have remained silent so far. But I believe that in the near future, the "moon landing scam" born in the space race era between the United States and the Soviet Union will definitely come out. The proponent of the "conspiracy theory" of Apollo landing on the moon made a "careful evaluation" of the videos and photos released by NASA, and found many unexplained and even contradictory loopholes. The typical "argument" is:

First, the American flag planted by astronauts on the moon "flutters with the wind"

In the video, the American flag inserted by astronauts in the lunar soil has a bumpy surface and a slightly curled edge, which seems to have been "flying with the wind". They questioned that the atmospheric pressure on the surface of the moon is11014 of the atmospheric pressure of the earth, and it is in an ultra-high vacuum state, so there can be no wind. The national flag can't fly in the wind on the moon, so it can only be filmed in the studio.

In fact, astronauts brought an American flag made of plastic to the moon. Because the flagpole was too long to be placed in the cabin of the Apollo spacecraft, they had to roll it up and tie it to the leg of the landing module. After the astronauts stepped out of the lander, they took off the flagpole and pulled open the crossbar. The national flag opens like an umbrella, but it is uneven and slightly curled at the edge. The astronauts grasped the vertical pole hard and inserted it into the lunar soil. After flying, the flagpole shakes, driving the flag to swing and become a flag fluttering in the wind. Because the surface of the moon is ultra-high vacuum and there is no resistance caused by air medium, the vibrating flagpole can swing for a long time, which just proves that the American flag is inserted on the surface of the moon in ultra-high vacuum.

Second, there are no bright stars in the dark sky.

The moon has no atmosphere and no air medium to scatter light. The sky is black, but the stars in the sky should be bright. All the photos and videos provided by NASA can only see the dark night sky, but not the stars. Conspiracy theorists believe that it is obvious that all photos and videos were not taken on the moon, but forged in the studio.

In fact, the dark sky photographed by astronauts on the surface of the moon at that time was filmed with film. Because of the strong reflection of sunlight on the surface of the moon during the day, it is impossible to take pictures of the stars in the sky because the exposure time must be very short under the background of strong light source on the surface of the moon. This dark sky, without stars, is strong evidence of shooting on the moon.

3. The astronauts appeared several shadows near the lunar module.

Conspiracy theorists suggest that there is only one light source on the surface of the moon-the sun, but astronauts have multiple shadows, indicating that they were filmed under the light of the studio.

In fact, the shape of the lunar module is a very uneven polyhedron, and the surface of the moon is uneven. Therefore, the reflection of sunlight from the lunar module and the lunar surface is multi-directional, including specular reflection from many directions and diffuse reflection from the lunar surface, which makes the astronauts have multiple shadows, which just shows that the photos were taken on the lunar surface. Similarly, it can also explain why astronauts are in the shadow of the lunar module, but their spacesuits are still bright; The so-called "weird" phenomenon, such as why when the astronaut stepped down the gangway, the sun was shining from behind, but his chest was bright.

The "Goddess of the Moon" probe launched in 2007 found no trace of Apollo landing on the moon.

"Conspiracy theorists" even got "hard evidence". They proposed that the Japanese lunar exploration satellite "Moon Goddess" launched in 2007 did not find the moon left on the surface of the moon after passing through the landing zones of Apollo 15 and Apollo 17. This report was spread by major media, causing heated discussion. For a time, public opinion agreed that Apollo manned landing on the moon was a "conspiracy." In response to media questions, a spokesman for NASA said that some black patches found by the "Moon Goddess" in the Apollo landing zone were traces of human activities. However, this vague answer is pale and powerless, and it can't quell angry doubts.

As we all know, Japan's lunar exploration satellite "Moon Goddess" is a three-star rocket, including a main satellite and two sub-satellites. The main satellite is named "Hui (the moon goddess in ancient Japanese legend, similar to Chang 'e in China legend)", and the two sub-satellites are named after Hui's adoptive parents "Weng" and "Yi" respectively. The main satellite "Hui Ye Ji" took photos, with the flying orbit height of 100km, but the spatial resolution of the CCD camera on the satellite was 10 m, and the moon objects larger than 50-60 m can be distinguished from the photos. However, the lander and lunar rover of Apollo 15 and 17 are about 2~3 meters in size, so it is impossible to show the traces of lunar rover and lander in the photos of "Hui Ye Ji".

Most people think that the Apollo moon landing program can't be faked;

First of all, because the plan was broadcast live all over the world at that time, nearly 1 100 million people saw it with their own eyes. In addition, astronauts brought back some objects from the moon, such as rocks.

Second, the US government will not joke about its credibility. If it's a scam, they don't need to take such a big risk to broadcast it live, just post some photos afterwards. Otherwise, once something goes wrong, the US government will bear huge consequences and even lose its reputation.

Third, NASA has thousands of scientists and engineers, most of whom will take a scientific attitude and will not treat serious scientific problems as trivial matters. If the moon landing plan is a scam, not only will the personality of all participants be damaged, but it will be difficult for tens of thousands of people to keep a lie for decades.

Fourthly, when Armstrong declared that the moon belonged to all mankind, the then American government was quite annoyed. Because at that time, the United States, the first country capable of landing on the moon in space and competing with the Soviet Union for global hegemony, was bound to take advantage of landing on the moon and possess it privately to enhance its position in the Cold War and its future colonial needs. But Armstrong went against the will of the government. If the landing on the moon is a fake play directed by the American government, doesn't that mean that the American government sent the moon out through this play and gave it to all mankind before it was completely decided? If it is acting, American "cast members" should be able to stop Armstrong's madness.

Fifth, the American media is almost pervasive. Although some Americans think that the government cheated on landing on the moon, the major media have not made a big fuss about it. At most, it only reports the different views of relevant personnel on this incident.

In addition, the American government has changed hands several times so far, and presidents belonging to different political parties have never expressed doubts about landing on the moon under the power of consulting any national archives. This is in stark contrast to the Democratic Party's persistent pursuit of the Bush administration's failure in the Iraq war strategy. These comparisons not only prove the incompetence, slander and deception of the opposition to the American people, but also prove the authenticity of landing on the moon.

Finally, the evidence revealed by those who question the authenticity of the moon landing is not sufficient. It was pointed out that Hamlet's reasons were not rigorous enough. Judging that landing on the moon is a scam based on only a few photos and videos is as ridiculous as proving Goldbach's conjecture by mathematical induction.

In the heated debate,1On July 20th, 1999, the United States held a ceremony at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the first human landing on the moon. US Vice President Al Gore awarded the Langley Gold Medal to the three astronauts who landed on Apollo 1 1 in recognition of their contributions to the space industry. This shows that the US government has a positive attitude towards the moon landing program. However, Armstrong still refused to attend any press conference, sign autographs or take photos. Among them, it may be because his crazy behavior made him bear the pressure of "betrayer of American interests", or it may be because the American government did have some (or huge) deception in landing on the moon, which made Armstrong look down on it. However, history is fair, and under the modern system of complete archives and history management, deception will always be exposed!

President Clinton's My Life revealed that landing on the moon was a scam.

On June 29th, 2065438+0/kloc-0, Wang Yi (also known as Wang), the father of a famous scholar and editor reading browser, came to the conclusion that 1969' s landing on the moon was a scam in the article "American president leaked Apollo's landing on the moon as a scam". The abstract of the article is as follows: "There is such a passage in my life:' The next six weeks in Hot Springs are more interesting than I can imagine. One week, I helped a six-or seven-year-old boy build Jeff's prefabricated house in a small village in the west of Hot Springs. This old guy exhausts me every day and shares his wisdom and rural skepticism with me. Just before Amo landed on the moon, astronauts Buzz Aldrin and neil armstrong left their colleague michaeljohn collins, boarded the Columbia spacecraft and walked on the moon, five months ahead of President Kennedy's goal of sending humans to the moon within ten years. The old carpenter asked me if I really believed it had happened. I said of course, I saw it on TV. He disagreed; He said he didn't believe for a minute that "those TV guys" could make the unreal look real. At that time, I thought he was a freak. During my eight years in Washington, I saw something on TV that made me wonder if he was ahead of the times.

The next six weeks in the hot springs were more interesting than I expected. One week, I helped a 67-year-old man build Jeff's prefabricated house in a small residential area called Storey in the west of the city. This old chap makes me tired every day, but he also tells me many stories reflecting simple wisdom and rural skepticism. Just a month ago, buzz aldrin and neil armstrong, astronauts of Apollo 1 1, left their colleague Michael Collins to set foot on the moon on the Columbia spacecraft, five months ahead of President Kennedy's goal of sending humans to the moon before the end of 1960s. The old carpenter asked me if I really believed it. I said of course, I saw it on TV. He expressed a different meaning and said that he didn't believe it at all. "Those TV people" can make fake things real. I thought he was a freak at that time. However, during my eight years in Washington, I saw some things on TV, which really made me wonder if he was a little prescient. "

Note: At first, he thought the old carpenter was an eccentric person, but later, during his eight years in Washington, he suspected that he might have foresight. Do you know the meaning of these eight years? Of course, it is the term of his two presidents. As a president, he must know these secrets of the country, so the implication of "during his eight years in Washington, I saw something on TV, which made me wonder if he was ahead of his time" is that Apollo's landing on the moon was fake. "

Snowden refers to the moon landing fraud.

Snowden, who has been allowed to enter Russia, said in a post on the Weibo that "I believe Russia explored the moon first". It is understood that Snowden may have mastered the confidential documents of 1969 US moon landing fraud. All along, the "flying" American flag in the first moon landing video has made people wonder whether the United States is really the first country to land on the moon.

Snowden, who was allowed to enter Russia, accused the United States of landing on the moon, saying that this was the first time Russia landed on the moon, which means that he may have mastered the important information of 1969 Apollo landing on the moon, which will completely change history. There are many doubts about Apollo's landing on the moon from 65438 to 0969. The flying American flag in the photo and the shadow in the film make many people think that Apollo's landing on the moon is a beautiful lie, and Snowden's accusation that the American landing on the moon is false just confirms this statement.

The United States has landed on the moon six times so far, but only five American flags can be found in the photos returned from space, and these five flags just disappeared when Apollo landed on the moon. What are Snowden's unknown secrets?

A Weibo has attracted many questions.

Snowden posted Weibo on Twitter as soon as he was granted asylum in Russia: "I believe Russia was the first country to explore the moon". British media said that Snowden should have mastered the confidential documents that exposed 1969 that the US moon landing was fraudulent.

Snowden's release of Weibo once again triggered a heated discussion among netizens about the fake Apollo landing on the moon. Americans claim to have landed on the moon more than 40 years ago, which has always attracted many questions. The media in various countries have asked the United States to produce evidence of landing on the moon.

A national flag has become the biggest question.

The United States claims to have landed on the moon six times and planted the American flag every time. NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter camera sent back a new set of photos. According to the analysis of these photos, the researchers believe that except one American flag, the other five stars and stripes are still inserted on the surface of the moon.

Researcher Mark Robinson said that from the photos sent back by the camera, the national flag planted on the first moon landing has disappeared, and the American flag left by the other five moon landings is still there, and the shadow of the national flag projected on the moon can be seen.

Aldrin, the astronaut who landed on the moon with Apollo 1 1 for the first time, said that when they planted the national flag, they were always worried that it would fall to the surface of the moon on live TV. Sure enough, in the end, they watched the powerful shock wave of the engine "scrape" the American flag to the ground.

Some scientists from NASA believe that the American flags on the moon have turned to ashes with the passage of time, which is due to the terrible ultraviolet rays from the sun and the nylon materials used in these American flags.

Ouyang Ziyuan: The flying flag is a true portrayal of the successful landing on the moon.

"Some people think that it is impossible for the American flag to' fly with the wind' in the vacuum environment on the surface of the moon, thus drawing the conclusion that the videos and photos of landing on the moon were forged in the laboratory, but it is this unusual detail that proves its authenticity." Ouyang Ziyuan, academician of China Academy of Sciences and chief scientist of China's lunar exploration project, explained to the audience the mystery of the American flag flying on the surface of the moon.

It is understood that "Apollo landing on the moon" is the longest, largest, most invested and most legendary exploration activity of human beings in space. 196 1 In May, the United States officially announced the implementation of the plan, which lasted more than 10 years, and completed the entire moon landing plan at the end of February 1972. However, for a long time, some scholars believe that Americans have never landed on the moon because there is no air or wind on the moon and it is impossible for the national flag to fly, based on the pictures and videos of the American flag flying on the moon and other strange phenomena.

Ouyang Ziyuan pointed out that the above "false" speculation seems reasonable, but in fact it is groundless. The American flag flying in the photo is a "true portrayal" of Apollo's success in landing on the moon. When astronauts put down the flagpole on the surface of the moon, they may exert too much force and let go instantly, causing the flagpole to swing from side to side. Because the surface of the moon is in a vacuum environment, there is no air friction resistance, and the swing of the flagpole is large and lasting, which drives the flag above to shake and gives people the feeling of "flying".

It is understood that the "Apollo Program" * * * carried out six manned landings on the moon, and 12 astronauts successively set foot on the moon, conducted various explorations, and retrieved 38 1.7 kg of moon samples, which fully demonstrated the great ability of human beings to explore the universe.