Hubei Provincial Museum: Perfect Combination of Ancient Tomb Treasures and Modern Art Exhibition

During my National Day trip in Wuhan, I was lucky enough to visit the Hubei Provincial Museum.

Hubei Provincial Museum is one of the eight national central and local museums, covering an area of 865,438+0,909 square meters, and has the largest exhibition hall of ancient musical instruments (chime hall) in China.

Four treasures of the town hall: Gou Jianjian, Zeng Houyi's chime, Yun County's skull fossil and Yuan Qinghua's four lovers Mei Ping.

The overall layout of the museum area highly reflects the high-rise building layout format of "one hall for one building", "multiple buildings in a group" and "multiple groups" in Chu architecture.

I just didn't expect so many people in the museum, which is comparable to the vegetable market. There are people everywhere in the hall. On the big screen, Yu Huiping's photo exhibition in the West Pavilion. There are more than 100 people standing, squatting and sitting on the ground. I think it's probably because it's raining outside. Let's take shelter here first.

Noisy crowd, tired body, no guide, no staff to explain, I don't know what to look at for a while.

After a little adjustment, I decided to look at the treasures of the town hall first. What I want to see most is Gou Jianjian and Ceng Houyi's chime.

Ten thousand cultural relics, represented by chimes, unearthed from the tomb of Zeng Houyi, shocked the world with their brilliant achievements in culture, art and science and technology.

Ceng Houyi, surnamed Ji and Zeng, was the monarch of Zeng Guoji in southern China during the Warring States Period.

There are too many treasures in the exhibition hall, and only 9 national treasures are introduced to you (among the 6 national treasures of Hubei Museum/KLOC-0, 9 were unearthed from the tomb of Zeng Houyi).

In front of the treasure, my personality also exploded. I met a volunteer to give you a free explanation, squeezed into the crowd and quickly followed.

Without this volunteer, for a cultural illiterate like me, I can only sum up this visit with "Kao, awesome". Fortunately, with her, I have the following. Thanks again!

1, bronze deer stands.

As an imaginary auspicious animal, cranes and deer were regarded as divine birds and auspicious animals in ancient China. This is a combination of deer and crane, which stood in the east of the main coffin when unearthed. It is a kind of psychic that communicates people, ghosts and gods.

It is composed of phoenix birds, antlers and seat plates connected by mortises and mortises, and can be disassembled freely. This is one of the largest bronze animal statues seen in Chu State at present.

2. Bronze plate

Zun is a container for wine in ancient times, and a plate is a container for water. Ceng Houyi Zun's cuisine and Zun's cuisine are integrated. When unearthed, the statue was disassembled on a plate, which is very unique. The sculpture of Zunhe plate is exquisite and delicate. Its superb casting skills are amazing.

At the turn of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the development of bronze technology reached its peak, and it was a typical work in this period to make complicated and beautifully shaped Zunpan. It is one of the first national treasures that are permanently prohibited from leaving the country, and it is also a treasure that no one can copy so far. It is praised as a "bright pearl" by archaeologists.

3. Jiuding for 80 years

Ding, one of the oldest artifacts in China, received special attention from people in the pre-Qin period. Ding is the most important container for offering sacrifices to meat and rice in the major ceremonies of offering sacrifices to God, earth and ancestors. The number of tripod pieces and their combination with other utensils are often symbols of the wealth, status and rights of tripod users.

According to the pre-Qin literature, only the Emperor of Heaven can enjoy the eight techniques of Jiuding, but the eight techniques of Jiuding in the tomb of Zeng Houyi obviously did not conform to the ritual system at that time. In the past, it was thought that this represented the decline of the Zhou Dynasty, the collapse of the ritual system, and the disorder of order. However, some scholars thought that this was not the tyrant's trespass, but the emperor's special reward to the people with the same surname. The academic circles are still arguing and there is no conclusion.

pot

It has a shallow abdomen, a flat bottom, a waist, a small mouth and an outer left ear. The outer side of the body is also decorated with a number of climbing animal-shaped hooves and feet (usually decorated with dragons), belonging to the "Ding Sheng" in Chu.

graphical user interface

The outer side wall is decorated with a pair of arched dragon-shaped ears and covered with lotus-shaped hands, which is vivid and beautiful. There is a flame-shaped pot door on each side of the square base.

4. Joint ban on copper pots

The holder of the honor of forbidding and carrying wine is called "forbidding" because the Zhou people summed up the reasons for the demise of Xia and Shang Dynasties, and all of them were addicted to alcohol.

It is rare for bronze to be handed down from generation to generation and excavated in archaeology. So far, only 4 pieces have been found at home and abroad, which is the first time in Hubei Province.

5. Bronze Sword (fou)

This is the oldest wine refrigerator.

6. Big copper barrel

Bronze ladle, wine vessel, height124.5cm, diameter 48.4cm, foot diameter 69cm, and weight 327.5kg. Two pieces were unearthed in the tomb (the other one is now in Tibet National Museum), and the size and shape are basically the same.

It is mainly used for sacrificial ceremonies, banquets and other sacrificial activities, and it is the largest bronze wine vessel unearthed so far.

7. Ceng Houyi rings the bell

One of the treasures I've always wanted to see is it. Its volume, weight and visual impact are enormous, and it is the largest of all the cultural relics currently collected in China.

How big is this thing? It is 7.48 meters long, 3.35 meters wide and 2.73 meters high.

How much does it weigh? It has 65 chimes, neatly hung on a complete wooden clock rack, with a total weight of 2567 kg.

Tested by musicians, this set of chimes spans five and a half octaves, only one octave smaller than modern pianos, and the central range 12 semitones are all complete.

This is the most incredible, because it has been sleeping in the ground for more than 2400 years, and it can still play accurate sounds.

This chime has been played three times since it was unearthed.

The first time was 1978, when unearthed, scholars played for audition.

The second time was 1984, the 55th anniversary of the founding of New China, and the bells were brought to Beijing to play music for ambassadors of various countries.

The third time was 1997 when Hong Kong returned to China. This musical instrument, which was played two thousand years ago, was licensed again and played an important role. This is also the last time to play the grand chime.

At present, four sets of chimes have been copied in China, one of which is in the east exhibition hall of the museum, which can be shown to tourists every day. Unfortunately, there were too many people that day, and when we went, all the tickets were sold out, so we couldn't enjoy this ancient and beautiful music.

8. Painted woodcarving mandarin duck box

The Western Chamber Coffin is the first burial object unearthed from the tomb of Zeng Houyi. The painted woodcarving mandarin duck box has a hollow abdomen, a cover on the back, a rotatable head and exquisite feather patterns painted all over the body.

It is particularly noteworthy that there are patterns of ringing bells, hitting chins, beating drums and dancing on both sides of the abdomen, which provides vivid information for us to study the playing method of this tomb instrument.

9. Sixteen jade ornaments with dragons and phoenixes

The whole dragon is carved into 16 section with 5 pieces of jade, a jade ring and a Hosta. The 37 dragons, 7 phoenixes and 10 snakes are carved by carving techniques such as through carving, relief carving and concave carving, and are decorated with valley patterns, moire patterns and diagonal lines.

This is the longest and most exquisite jade ornament with multi-section movable chain found so far, and it can be called a treasure among jade carvings in the Warring States Period.

.......

Wandering in front of the treasures in the exhibition hall, it seems more interesting than modern people to imagine the life scene in Ceng Houyi 2400 years ago with these cultural relics.

After visiting the exhibition hall in Ceng Houyi, I feel my brain is full. It seems that I can only take Gou Jian's sword.

After 2400 years, the blade of this sword is still extremely sharp, and it can cut 16 layers of white paper.

Historical evaluation: "The meat test will break the cattle and horses, and the gold test will cut the plate." You can feel the cold through the glass window. Get out of here after reading it.

I picked up my consignment and was ready to leave, but my luck in this museum didn't end there.

Because I was in a hurry, I decided to go to the exhibition hall on the east side of the museum to go to the bathroom. Coming out of the toilet, I saw Yu Huiping's "This is Africa" photo exhibition. I couldn't resist the temptation of colorful photos inside, and decided to go in for a walk quickly.

Looking at it, I feel that every photo is amazing, and I can't help but say to my child:

I hope we can see such beautiful scenery next time we go to Africa.

"These photos were taken on a helicopter, and you may not see such a scene at the scene."

A very low and gentle voice came into my ears. Looking back, a photographer in his fifties with a camera around his neck and wearing camouflage replied.

"Oh, I see."

"Come, look at this photo. This is how flamingos gather without being disturbed by helicopters. This is the wave that the flamingo stepped on before taking off after being frightened, just like copper coins one after another. "

Observe the people around you, as if a group of photographers had gathered around. Next to the photographer who talked to me just now, there is another photographer who is introducing photos to some friends nearby. Seeing that every photo was explained by a photographer, I waited for the "photographic blind" to catch up quickly.

Listen to him talk about the life customs of Simba people in Namibia, low straw houses, cow dung flying in the cowshed, girls covered in red mud, teenagers running and playing football on the Masai Mara prairie in Kenya, and the spectacular sight of 100,000 wildebeests crossing the Mara River covered with crocodiles.

Indeed, without their explanation, we can't imagine many stories behind the photos and the feelings that photographers want to express through their own lenses. They will think about what kind of order and ecological balance should be established between human beings and nature. What kind of leading role should human beings play in the big biological chain of this world?

Half a day's effort not only let me appreciate the splendid culture and superb bronze technology 2400 years ago, but also let me see the modern citizens' thinking about the world today. This kind of harvest is worth a trip to Central China.

I'm Yukio, thank you for reading!