What is the area of Weishan Lake?

Weishan Lake has 1266 square kilometers.

Weishan Lake is another name of Nansi Lake, which consists of Weishan, Zhaoyang, Dushan and Nanyang Lake, and belongs to Sihe River system in Huaihe River Basin. Before the formation of the Four Lakes, there were four small lakes, namely Chishan, Lvmeng, Wu Jia, Huangshan, Zhangzhuang, Taji, Manjia and Yangcheng, which were finally occupied by the Four Lakes respectively. These small lakes appeared in different times, and Zhaoyang Lake appeared the earliest, with a history of about seven sons and a hundred years.

Weishan lake basin is long and narrow, with a northwest-southeast trend, with a length of 120 km and a width of 6 ~ 25 km. The middle part is called the waist of the lake, and a secondary dam is built at the waist of the lake to divide Weishan Lake into two parts, the upper lake in the north and the lower lake in the south. The upper lake is 64 kilometers long and the lower lake is 54 kilometers long. The surrounding area of the four lakes is about 306 kilometers long. Maximum water control area 1266 square kilometers. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs through the lake and connects the north and south water systems.

The basement of Nansi Lake was originally an alluvial plain on the western edge of Shandong hills, and the ancient Sihe River flowed from the west of this plain from north to south. Before the Yuan Dynasty, it was once a bustling place with a dense population. After the Yuan Dynasty, lakes gradually formed from small to large.

Extended data

Lake water system

The formation of Weishan Lake is the result of crustal movement, the breach of the Yellow River and human activities. After the formation of Weishan Lake, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs through it. More than 50 rivers from 38 counties (cities) in Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan and Anhui provinces meet here, becoming the largest freshwater lake in Shandong Province and the largest freshwater lake in northern China.

The formation of Weishan Lake is due to the overall decline of North China into Qian Hai and Lake Marsh 400 million years ago, especially since 7 million years, due to the strong movement of the earth's crust, a large area of depression has been formed, and a waterlogged area has been formed in the middle of Shandong and Shaanxi, creating conditions for the birth of Weishan Lake.

Another important reason is that the continuous overflow of the Yellow River has raised the highland on the west bank of Surabaya, resulting in the long-term occupation of the Yellow River here and the formation of a large area of wetlands. Weishan Lake was formed at the breach of the Yellow River in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. It can be said that Weishan Lake is a masterpiece of the Yellow River.

Product resources

Weishan Lake is rich in products, and it has always been said that "the sunrise competes for gold". There are 78 species of fish, mainly carp. There are six kinds of economic fish, such as crucian carp, yellow croaker, snakehead, red fin snapper, Changchun snapper and carp. Benthic organisms include 63 species of mollusks, arthropods, annelids and insects, with a total resource of 98,876 tons.

Phytoplankton 1 16 species, including dominant species 14 species, zooplankton 248 species, dominant species 32 species and aquatic vascular plants 74 species. The whole lake is 3.04 million tons.

Weishan Lake is also an important wintering habitat for migratory waterfowl. There are 205 species of birds in the area, including 26 species of national first-class and second-class protected birds such as bustard, swan, white-naped crane, grey crane and mandarin duck, and 35 species of key protected birds in Shandong Province, among which 109 species is included in the Sino-Japanese Agreement on the Protection of Migratory Birds and Their Habitat, accounting for 48%.

Among the 8 1 species listed in the Agreement on the Protection of Migratory Birds and Their Habitats between China and Australia, 25 species, accounting for 3 1%.

Wetland vegetation is mainly composed of Gramineae, Compositae, Salicaceae, Leguminosae, Spartinaceae and Potamogeton. The main plant communities are reed community, eggplant community, lotus community and other emergent vegetation zones;

Deep vegetation zones of floating leaves such as apricot community, water chestnut+Euryale ferox community; Submerged vegetation zones, such as dried vegetables, POTAMOGETON microphylla communities and Sophora alopecuroides communities in Malaya, have an aquatic vegetation coverage rate of 89.9%, and are known as "underwater forests". There are 9 species of national first-,second-and third-class protected plants, such as water fern, water fern with thick stem, sweet clover and wild soybean.

Weishan Lake is rich in mineral resources, with proven coal reserves of 654.38+02.7 billion tons. It is one of the key coal bases in China, with shallow burial and thick coal seam, mostly high-quality gas coal and fat coal.

The proven reserves of rare earth are12.75 million tons, located on the east bank of Weishan Lake. It has the advantages of less impurities such as phosphorus and iron, high grade and simple smelting process. It is the only typical rare earth resource of bastnaesite found in China at present. In addition, there are abundant limestone, coal gangue, yellow sand and other resources.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Weishan lake