What diseases can be detected in the early stage and what cancer screening methods are there?

In the eyes of many people, cancer is equivalent to a terminal illness. According to the latest national cancer statistics released by the National Cancer Center, malignant tumor deaths account for 23.9 1% of all residents' deaths, and the mortality rate keeps increasing by 2.5% every year. However, the dangerous enemy of cancer is not "hopeless".

According to domestic and foreign reports, the five-year cure rate of early cancer (except liver cancer) is over 90%. If the early and late stages are added together, the five-year cure rate of 10 cancer will also reach 4 1%. Under such disparity, it is particularly important to do early screening, early diagnosis and early treatment of cancer.

Physical examination items of routine units basically include: blood routine, urine routine, stool routine, liver and kidney function, blood lipid uric acid, tumor index, ultrasound, electrocardiogram and chest X-ray. What cancers can the physical examination find out? What anti-cancer physical examination should I do? Today, I will talk to you about those things about cancer prevention physical examination, so that you can get a score when you have a physical examination.

What diseases can you check?

B-ultrasound of breast: breast cancer, fibroma and hyperplasia of breast.

Thyroid ultrasound: adenoma, small nodule, thyroid cancer.

Digital rectal examination: low rectal cancer

Examination of occult blood in stool: the possibility of intestinal cancer needs to be ruled out. If the result is positive, it will be further examined.

Hepatobiliary and pancreatic ultrasound: cholecystolithiasis, hemangioma, liver cirrhosis, liver cancer, cyst.

Abdominal CT: abdominal cavity such as stromal tumor, obvious tumor, liver cancer, etc. Intestinal tumor obstruction.

Gastroenteroscopy: gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal polyps.

Tumor index: If AFP is elevated, liver cancer should be considered. The increase of CA 199 does not rule out CEA in pancreatic cancer and ovarian cancer.

Elevated, does not rule out intestinal cancer and gastric cancer.

Eight cancer screening methods

Colorectal cancer: anorectal digital examination, fecal occult blood test (FOBT) examination, FOBT

Positive patients can also be diagnosed directly by colonoscopy. If there is no abnormality in FOBT positive patients after colonoscopy, it is suggested that gastroscopy be performed to exclude upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Lung cancer: LDCT screening (low dose spiral CT) is recommended.

Breast cancer: general female, clinical examination, 20 ~ 29

Every three years after the age of 30 1 time, and every year after the age of 30 1 time; X-ray examination, 35-year-old, basic mammogram, every other year 1 mammogram; Over 40 years old, have a mammogram every 1 ~ 2 years.

Line inspection; After the age of 60, you can take/kloc-0 every 2 ~ 3 years; Ultrasound examination, breast ultrasound examination 0 times a year after 65438+30 years old. High-risk group of breast cancer, after 20 years old, do clinical physical examination 1 time every year. After the age of 30, it is recommended to have a breast magnetic resonance (MRI) examination.

Liver cancer: For high-risk groups, combined with serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and liver B-ultrasound examination, screening once every six months.

Gastric cancer: over 40 years old.

/kloc-Patients over 0/8 years old who have epigastric symptoms such as abdominal pain and abdominal distension, chronic gastritis and other diseases, and have a family history of tumor should have regular gastroscopy according to the doctor's advice.

Cervical cancer: 2 1 ~ 29 years old with cervical cytology, every 2 ~ 3 years 1 time; Cervical cytology was performed at the age of 30 ~ 65, every 3 years/kloc-0 times; Or human papillomavirus combined with cervical cytology screening, every 5 years 1 time; Women who have been vaccinated with human papillomavirus should follow the advice of a specific age (the same as women who have not been vaccinated).

Prostate cancer: screening based on serum PSA test should be carried out as soon as possible for high-risk groups.

Pancreatic cancer: Ultrasound is really effective in screening pancreatic cancer, and EUS and MRI are the best examinations. The general population can be initially screened by abdominal ultrasound, and the high-risk population needs to be screened.