The shooting methods and rules of comprehensive sports photography are about 3000 words. All right, chase points.

Refers to the continuous motion of the camera when shooting a lens. It is not only by moving the camera position, or changing the optical axis of the lens, or changing the focal length of the lens, shooting in one lens. Pictures taken in this way are called moving pictures. Such as: push lens, pull lens, shake lens, shift lens, slave lens, up lens and comprehensive motion lens composed of push lens, pull lens, shake lens, up lens and comprehensive motion lens.

First, push and take

Pushing the lens is a shooting method that the camera pushes in the direction of the subject, or changes the focal length of the lens to make the picture approach the subject from far and near. Moving pictures shot in this way are called push shots. The push lens has the following characteristics:

1. Image characteristics of zoom lens:

First of all, push the lens to form a visual forward effect.

Second, the push lens has a clear subject goal.

Third, push the lens to make the subject from small to large, and the surrounding environment from large to small.

2. The function and expressive force of the push lens

First of all, highlight the main characters and key images.

Second, highlight the details and highlight the important plot factors.

Third, a shot introduces the relationship between the whole and the part, the objective environment and the main characters.

Fourthly, the scene of a shot is constantly changing in a shot, which has the function of continuous montage sentences.

Fifth, the speed of pushing the lens can affect and adjust the rhythm of the picture, thus producing externalized emotional power.

Sixth, pushing the lens can express a specific theme and significance by highlighting an important drama element.

Seventh, pushing the lens can strengthen or weaken the movement of the subject.

3, push the lens shooting and the problems that should be paid attention to.

First, pushing the lens forward is the change and adjustment of the audience's visual space. Changing the scene from big to small is not only the change of the audience's visual space, but also the guidance of the audience's visual space. Pushing the lens should have its clear performance significance. In the three links of framing, advancing and left picture, the picture of left picture is the focus of modeling performance.

Second, the framing of the lens and the left picture are static structures, so the picture composition should be standardized, rigorous and complete.

Third, in the process of pushing the lens, the composition should always pay attention to maintaining the position of the subject in the center of the picture structure.

Fourth, the speed of pushing the camera should be consistent with the mood and rhythm in the picture.

Fifth, the focus of a mobile phone camera should change with the distance between the camera and the subject.

Second, pull photos.

Pulling is a shooting method in which the camera gradually moves away from the subject, or the focal length of the lens is changed, so that the picture is pulled away from the subject from near and far. The TV picture taken in this way is called zoom.

1, picture characteristics of zoom lens

Pull the lens first to form a visual backward effect.

Second, pulling the lens makes the main body change from big to small, and the surrounding environment changes from small to big.

2, pull the lens function and expressive force

First, pulling the lens is conducive to showing the relationship between the subject and the environment.

Secondly, the framing range and performance space of the shot-pulling picture are constantly expanding from small to large, which makes the picture composition form the change of multiple structures.

Thirdly, shot-pulling is a kind of picture form with vertical spatial variation, which can form contrast, contrast or metaphor in vertical space and vertical orientation through picture images.

Fourth, some shots start from a part where it is difficult to infer the overall image, which is conducive to mobilizing the audience's imagination and speculation that the overall image gradually appears until it presents a complete image.

Fifth, the scene changes continuously in a shot, which keeps the integrity and coherence of the picture performance space.

Sixth, the internal rhythm of pulling the lens is from tight to loose. Compared with pushing the lens, it can play an emotional aftertaste and produce many subtle emotional colors.

Seventh, pull shots are often used as conclusive and conclusive shots.

Eighth, use the pull lens as the transition lens.

3, pull the lens shooting and its requirements

The shooting lens of the pull lens and the push lens move in opposite directions, but their creative rules and overall requirements are basically the same. The difference is that the left picture should be the focus of the shot, and the starting frame should be the core of the shot.

Third, translation

Telephotography refers to the method of changing the camera optical lens axis with the help of the movable chassis on the tripod or the photographer's own human body when the camera position is fixed. Television pictures shot with telephoto are called telephoto lenses.

1, picture characteristics of telephoto lens

First, translation is like the visual effect that people turn their heads and look around or move their eyes from one point to another.

2. A complete shake shot includes three interrelated parts: framing, shaking and left picture.

Third, the moving process of a shaking lens from the beginning to the left picture forces the audience to constantly adjust their visual attention.

2. The function and expressive force of panoramic lens

First, show the space and broaden your horizons.

Second, it is beneficial to contain more visual information through small scenes.

Thirdly, it can introduce and explain the internal relationship between the two subjects in the same scene.

Fourthly, two subjects with opposite or similar nature and meaning are connected by shaking the lens to express some metaphor, contrast, juxtaposition and causality.

Fifth, when showing three or more subjects or the relationship between subjects, the lens will slow down or pause when rolling, thus forming intermittent jitter.

Sixth, after a frame is stabilized, all the images in the picture are blurred by using the extremely fast jitter speed, thus forming a particularly expressive shot.

Seventh, it is convenient to display the dynamics, dynamic situation, movement direction and trajectory of the moving subject.

Eighth, a group of the same or similar picture subjects can appear one by one by shaking, which can form a cumulative effect.

Ninth, you can use the shaking lens to shake the image of the accident, create suspense, and form the ups and downs of visual attention in a shot.

Tenth, express a subjective shot with a shaking shot.

Eleventh, use non-horizontal oblique shaking and rotary shaking to express specific emotions and atmosphere.

Twelfth, shaking the camera is also one of the effective methods of picture transition.

3. Requirements for shooting panoramic lens

First of all, translation must have a clear purpose.

Second, the translation speed will cause subtle changes in the audience's visual perception.

Third, the whole shaking process should be complete and harmonious.

Fourth, move photos.

Mobile photography is a kind of photography in which a camera is mounted on a moving object and moves with it. The TV picture taken by a mobile camera is called a mobile lens, which is referred to as a mobile lens for short.

1. Image characteristics of moving lens

First, the motion of the camera makes the frame of the picture always in a state of motion, and the objects in the picture will show a trend of constantly moving whether they are moving or stationary.

Second, the movement of the camera directly mobilized the audience's visual experience in daily life, aroused people's visual experience in various means of transportation and walking, and made the audience feel immersive.

Thirdly, the picture space represented by the moving lens is complete and coherent. The lens keeps moving, changing the audience's perspective at all times, forming a multi-scene and multi-composition modeling effect in one lens, which plays a role similar to montage, and finally makes the lens have its own rhythm.

2. The function and expressive force of moving lens

First, the moving lens opens the modeling space of the picture through the movement of the camera, creating a unique visual artistic effect.

Secondly, the moving lens has a magnificent modeling effect when it represents large scenes, large depths, multi-scenes and multi-level complex scenes.

Thirdly, mobile phone photography can show a certain subjective tendency, and a more natural and vivid sense of reality and scene can be shown through the lens with strong subjective color.

Fourthly, the mobile phone camera can get rid of fixed-point shooting and form a variety of viewpoints, which can show the visual effects under various sports conditions.

3. Move the lens shooting point

Mobile phone photography can be divided into two main shooting methods. One is that the camera is placed on various moving objects; One is that the photographer carries the camera on his shoulder and shoots through the movement of the human body. Both shooting forms should strive to maintain the stability and level of the picture. Try to use the lens with the widest viewing angle among the camera zoom lenses when actually shooting. Because the wider the lens angle of view, the more obvious its features, and the picture is easy to remain stable.

Verb (short for verb) follow-up

Follow-up shooting means that the camera always follows the moving subject. Television pictures taken in this way are called follow-up shots.

1, characteristics of the follow-up lens

First, the picture always follows a moving subject.

Second, the position of the main body in the frame is relatively stable.

Thirdly, the follow-up lens is different from the push lens whose lens position moves forward, and it is also different from the forward lens whose lens position moves forward.

2, the role of the camera

First, the follow-up lens can continuously and meticulously represent the moving subject. It can not only highlight the subject, but also explain the direction, speed and posture of the subject and its relationship with the environment.

Second, the camera moves with the subject, forming a modeling effect that the moving subject remains unchanged and the static background changes, which is conducive to drawing out the environment through the characters.

Thirdly, following the camera from the back of the character can show the subjective camera, because the audience and the photographed character have the same perspective.

Fourthly, following the camera to record people, events and scenes is of great documentary significance in the shooting of documentary programs and news.

3. Problems that should be paid attention to when shooting with a camera.

First, keeping up with and catching up with the subject is the basic requirement for subsequent shooting.

Secondly, following the lens is a method of shooting through the movement of the camera. A series of shooting problems caused by the movement of the lens, such as the change of focal length, the change of shooting angle and the change of incident angle of light, are also problems that should be considered and paid attention to when shooting with the lens.

Six, weightlifting shooting

The way that the camera takes pictures while lifting with the help of the lifting device is called lifting shooting. Pictures taken in this way are called lifting lenses.

1, the picture modeling characteristics of lifting lens

First, the up-and-down movement of the up-and-down lens brings about the expansion and contraction of the visual field of the picture.

Secondly, the viewpoint of the lifting lens is constantly changing, forming a multi-angle and multi-directional multi-composition effect.

2. The function and expressive force of lifting lens

First, the lifting lens is beneficial to display all parts of tall objects.

Second, the lifting lens is conducive to the expression of the point-surface relationship in deep space.

Thirdly, the lifting lens is often used to express the scale, momentum and atmosphere of an event or scene.

Fourthly, the content conversion and scheduling in the shot can be realized by using the promotion of the shot.

Fifth, the lifting movement of the lifting lens can show the change of emotional state in the picture content.

VII. Integrated motion camera

Comprehensive sports shooting refers to the shooting in which the camera organically combines various sports shooting methods such as pushing, pulling, shaking, moving, following and lifting in a shot to varying degrees. Television pictures shot in this way are called comprehensive motion shots.

1, integrating the characteristics of motion cameras.

First, the comprehensive motion of the comprehensive motion lens produces a more complex and changeable picture modeling effect.

Secondly, the motion trajectory of the TV picture formed by the comprehensive motion of the lens is the result of multi-direction and multi-mode motion synthesis.

2. Synthesize the function and expressive force of the motion lens.

First, comprehensive action shots are conducive to recording and representing a relatively complete plot in a scene in one shot.

Second, the comprehensive motion lens is a powerful means to form the formal beauty of TV picture modeling.

Thirdly, integrating the continuous dynamics of motion shots is conducive to the reproduction of real life processes.

Fourthly, it is beneficial to the formation of ideographic ambiguity to synthesize the diversity of motion shots through the picture structure.

Fifth, the comprehensive motion lens can be in tune with the melody change of music in a long continuous picture, forming a sense of rhythm of the integration of picture image and music.

3, comprehensive motion lens shooting

First, in addition to the special requirements of special emotions on the picture, the movement of the lens should strive to remain stable.

Second, every transformation of the lens action should be consistent with the transformation of the character's action and direction, and with the transformation of the plot center and emotional development, forming a perfect combination of off-screen changes and in-screen changes.

Third, pay attention to the change of focus during plane motion, and always treat the subject modeling within the depth of field.

Fourth, the cameraman is required to cooperate tacitly, coordinate his actions and keep pace. Agree 0| Comment 2008-4-22 2 1:24 It's sunny today | 15.

First of all, we should choose the shutter priority mode, such as the camera with ultrasonic motor is the best and focuses quickly.

1. Choose a favorable shooting position: When choosing a shooting position, you should consider the following aspects as needed, giving priority to one or two factors:

① The photos taken in this position can reflect the characteristics of this project;

The photos taken in this position can show the technical and tactical characteristics of athletes;

(3) This position can be moved at critical moments and close to the subject at any time;

(4) This position should be compatible with the lens you have;

⑤ This position can avoid messy background as much as possible.

2. Choose the appropriate shutter speed.

Images with fast shutter speed are "frozen". Its advantage is that moving images are clearly recorded. The disadvantage is that the image is not dynamic enough. The "solidified" sports image is often good at expressing the graceful posture of the sports body. To achieve this effect, we only need to use the high speed of the shutter on the camera, such as11000 seconds, and often we can clearly record most moving objects. The highest speed of some cameras is 1 /2000 or 1/8000 seconds, which is more ideal for curing moving objects.

Slow shutter speed-the moving image is blurred. The advantage is a strong sense of movement, but the disadvantage is that you are not clear about the moving body or even the face and posture. Virtual images of moving objects are often used to represent high-speed motion. A sports photo with blurred images, a scene of a moving body that can move quickly in front of our eyes. Through the contrast between fuzzy moving objects and clear background, it shows a strong sense of movement, and the choice of shutter speed is more complicated than "shutter speed is fast" Gymnastics may be slow115 seconds, but speeding or 100-meter sprint will be slow 1/60 seconds. Different "slow speeds" have different degrees of virtual paste effect on the same sports experience, which requires photographers to sum up their experience in practice, rather than just remembering one or two shutter speeds according to some teachings.

3. It is conceivable to press the shutter: in all kinds of wonderful moments of sports competitions, the ideal picture is often fleeting. If there is a lack of foresight, it is impossible to predict in advance when and where these typical moments will appear, where and how to shoot, then it is difficult to take excellent sports photos.

4. Reasonable use of advance: When capturing the fast-changing movements of athletes, press the shutter for a moment before the climax and wonderful moments appear.

5. Fixed-point shooting: This is a shooting method often used in sports photography, that is, according to the light conditions at the scene, the aperture and shutter speed of the camera are reasonably combined in advance, and then the focal length of the lens is adjusted to the point to be shot.

6. Regional focus shooting: shooting by controlling the depth of field of the camera lens. Only when the athlete has the ideal shot and wonderful moment in the area you have determined, press the shutter quickly.

7. Side heel shooting: When the athlete's forward direction is parallel to the photographer (oblique and vertical), it constitutes the side heel shooting condition.

The shooting method of lateral following is that the photographer's camera lens follows the moving object and moves in one direction at the same speed as the moving object. When the moving body enters the ideal shooting point and shooting opportunity, gently press the shutter. When and after the shutter is pressed, the camera should always move at the same speed as the moving object. Because the camera moves in the opposite direction to the background with the moving object, there are many flowing lines in the photo. The slower the shutter speed, the more obvious the flowing lines are. The moving object in the photo is basically the same as the moving direction and speed of the camera, so a clear image is formed. The picture of the whole photo gives a strong dynamic effect.

Supplement: light can adjust ISO sensitivity!

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