Please elaborate on the famous figures and contributions in computer history.

Von Neumann (john von neumann, 1903- 1957)

Von Neumann is a Hungarian-born American scientist and mathematician, and is known as the "father of electronic computers". 1945, von Neumann first put forward the concept and binary principle of "stored program". Later, people referred to the electronic computer system designed by using this concept and principle as a "von Norman structure" computer.

Von Neumann's main contribution is to put forward and realize the concept of "stored program". Because instructions and data are binary codes, and the addresses of instructions and operands are closely related, it is natural to choose this structure at first. However, this kind of instruction and data * * * share the same bus structure, which makes the transmission of information flow a bottleneck that limits the performance of the computer and affects the improvement of data processing speed.

2. Allen Mathison Turing (alan mathison turing,1912.6.23—1954.6.7).

Allen Mathison Turing is an English mathematician and logician. He is regarded as the father of computers. 1936, Turing submitted a paper entitled "On the Application of Digital Computing in Solving Difficult Problems" to the authoritative mathematics magazine in London. In this groundbreaking paper, Turing gave a strict mathematical definition of "computability" and put forward the famous idea of "Turing machine".

Turing machine is not a concrete machine, but an ideological model, which can make a very simple but extremely powerful computing device to calculate all imaginable computable functions. Turing machine "and" von Neumann machine "have the same name and will always be included in the history of computer development.

3. Claude elwood Shannon (19 16-200 1)

Claude elwood Shannon 19 16 was born in Pei Toschi, Michigan, USA on April 30th, 2006. He is a scientist, a famous founder of modern information theory and the founder of the era of information theory and digital communication. Shannon's paper "Mathematical Theory of Communication", which lasted for dozens of pages from 65438 to 0948, became a milestone in the formal birth of information theory.

In his communication mathematical model, the problem of information measurement is clearly put forward. He extended Hartley formula to the case of different probability pi, and obtained the famous formula for calculating information entropy h: H=∑-pi log pi. Words such as bytes, KB, MB and GB, which are widely used in computers and communications today, are all evolved from bits.

4. Herbert Alexander? Simon (herbert alexander simon, 19 16-200 1)

Herbert? Alexander? Simon is an American scientist. He is a unique generalist in the 20th century and has deeply influenced our generation in many fields. He has extensive knowledge and interests. His research work involves economics, politics, management, sociology, psychology, operational research, computer science, cognitive science, artificial intelligence and other fields, and has made creative contributions.

1976, Simon and newell defined the "physical symbol system" and put forward the "physical symbol system hypothesis" PSSH, which became the founder and representative of the most influential symbolism school in the field of artificial intelligence. This theory encouraged people to make great explorations in the field of artificial intelligence.

5. Vannevar Bush (1890.3.1~1974.6.26).

Vaneva Bush is the pioneer of analog computer, and Shannon, the father of information theory, is his student. In his paper "As We Think" published in 1945, he put forward the concept of miniature photography technology and memex, which initiated the era of digital computers and search engines.

In this paper, many theories put forward by Van Neva predict the development of computers in the decades since World War II. Many pioneers in the computer field were inspired by this article, and later computer technologies such as mouse and hypertext were based on this theoretical paper.

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