Information of Baiheliang Underwater Museum

The Baiheliang Inscription Underwater Museum was officially completed and opened on 18, making the world's first ancient hydrological station the only underwater museum in the world. 18 carved stone fish, which recorded the water level data of the Yangtze River in 72 dry years for more than 200 years, and the original inscription of more than 30,000 words left by literati in past dynasties are still lying quietly in the Yangtze River. The difference is that this shell named "pressure-free container" permanently protects them and lets future generations have a glimpse of their beauty at any time.

Exquisite scheme+high technology: underwater museum was born.

Ge Xiurun, a 75-year-old academician of China Academy of Engineering, can't remember how many times he has been to Baiheliang. It has been eight years since he boldly put forward the underwater protection scheme, ran around for the project construction, and then completed and opened the frustrated underwater museum.

"I'm glad it's finally built." Ge Xiurun, who came to Fuling again to attend the completion ceremony, told reporters that the protection scheme of Baiheliang includes a variety of underwater museums, such as "underwater submergence", "onshore replication" and "onshore replication", which have been debated since 1994. The pressurized underwater museum may not only cause damage to Baiheliang itself, but also cause danger to tourists, and the plan of land relocation and reproduction will damage its cultural relics and scientific research value. The core of the construction scheme of the "pressure-free container" underwater museum is to build a pressure-free protective shell with water inside and outside about 70 meters above the eastern end of the middle section of Baiheliang inscription. Visitors can watch the inscription of the White Crane Beam in the visiting corridor inside the shell. The design scheme of this underwater museum was finally adopted and won the National Science and Technology Progress Award that year.

Yin, the chief engineer of Chongqing Xiajiang Cultural Relics Protection Co., Ltd., who is in charge of the project construction, is a few treasures: the lighting system adopts LED technology that was still blank in China at that time, and the 150 lamp has long service life, good lighting, energy saving and electricity saving, and can be manipulated at will in the operation room, avoiding frequent underwater maintenance and replacement; Circulating water system, that is, let the Yangtze River water enter the protection body after passing through the purification device to ensure the transparency of water quality and ensure tourists to visit; Fire protection system, domestic infrastructure for the first time uses non-combustible cables, and the floor is also anti-static; Underwater real-time photography system, with 28 cameras, allows visitors to visit the exhibition hall on the shore through the electronic display screen and joystick. The underwater safety protection monitoring system collects and analyzes the temperature, pressure, hardness and other indicators in the protective body through optical fiber to judge the safety status of the underwater protective body.

Wang Chuanping, honorary curator of Chongqing Three Gorges Museum and leader of the leading group for cultural relics protection in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area, said that Baiheliang Inscribed Underwater Museum is the most complex protection project with the highest scientific and technological content, the largest investment, the largest number of disciplines involved and the largest number of academicians, and it also has important innovation and reference significance for the whole country and even the whole world.

Underwater tour+real-time image: three ways to visit Baiheliang at any time.

Located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, Baiheliang Stone Carved Beam is about 1.600 meters long and 25 meters wide, with a section of * * * 1.65. It is clearly engraved with the original inscriptions of more than 30,000 words left by literati in past dynasties, and is known as the "underwater forest of steles". Since the Tang Dynasty, 20 stone fish carvings with good weather have recorded the water level data of the Yangtze River in 72 dry years for more than 200 years/kloc-0, which is called "the first ancient hydrological station in the world".

Before the impoundment of the Three Gorges Project, people were lucky enough to see the charm of the inscription of Baiheliang only in the winter when the river ebbed sharply. Today, the built underwater museum allows people to visit Baiheliang at any time in three ways.

Yin introduced, first, using the computer in the exhibition hall built on the Yangtze River embankment to watch the inscription of the white crane beam in the water photographed by the underwater camera, which is the most important way to visit; The second is to watch through the visiting window of the underwater circular corridor, which can accommodate 20 to 30 people at a time; The third kind is diving to watch, but it is only suitable for professional inspection and maintenance or a few tourists, accompanied by frogmen, to enter through the decompression chamber.

In the exhibition hall, visitors can not only watch the words and pictures of Baiheliang, but also manipulate 28 underwater cameras to zoom in and out, and click to watch the real-time landscape of the inscription. After that, visitors can step into the longest tunnel escalator in Asia, about 90 meters long, go down to the bottom of the river with a depth of 40 meters, cross the horizontal traffic corridor of 140 meters, and come to the visiting corridor with a length of about 77 meters in the protected body. They can enjoy the original appearance of the inscription of Baiheliang through the visiting window, click on the LCD touch screen next to the visiting window, and listen to and watch the introduction of the inscription of Baiheliang.

"The tailor-made underwater museum makes visiting the inscription of Baiheliang as full of endless reverie as visiting the aquarium." Ge Xiurun described.

Cultural relics value+scientific research value: Bai Heliang left it for later generations to watch and reveal the secret.

At the end of 2006, Baiheliang declared the world cultural heritage, and it has been included in the list of China's preliminary declaration. Ge Xiurun said that the inscription on Baiheliang is the oldest hydrological station in the world and an underwater forest of steles. Its cultural relic value, historical value, scientific research value and artistic value are all great. Only by underwater protection of the original site can its value be preserved to the maximum extent. Moreover, there are still many unsolved mysteries in the inscription of Baiheliang, which should be preserved intact for future generations to study.

Yin told reporters that the historical hydrological data of 1200 years recorded in the inscription of Baiheliang systematically reflected the water level evolution in the dry season of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, which provided physical evidence for studying the historical laws of Yangtze River hydrology, regional and global climate change, and was also an important historical hydrological data for the design of Gezhouba and the Three Gorges Project, with high scientific value and application value; As far as the historical value is concerned, Baiheliang stele is the earliest, longest-lasting and most abundant low-water hydrological stele found in China and even in the world. The number of similar hydrological stone carvings on the Nile River in Egypt is far less than that of Baiheliang. Bai Heliang's inscriptions also have high artistic value, especially the artistic value of calligraphy, including the famous works such as "Fu Yuan Fu Gengchen Weng Lai" written by Huang Tingjian, a famous writer and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. The inscriptions include official script, seal script, regular script, running script, cursive script and Basiba script.

Zhang Baoxin, a member of the leading group of the Three Gorges Office in the State Council, said that the protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges attracted worldwide attention. The opening of Baiheliang Underwater Museum marks the basic completion of the cultural relics protection work of the Three Gorges Project, embodies the wisdom and painstaking efforts of the people of China to protect cultural heritage, and shows the civilized image of China respecting cultural relics protection to the world.

Information: Xinhuanet