Handwritten newspaper Nanshe ancient dwellings

The ancient buildings in Nanshe Village, Chashan Town, Dongguan City are the best preserved ancient buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties in Dongguan.

Group, with a history of more than 600 years, Nanshe Village covers an area of 6.9 square kilometers, and has seven villagers' groups under its jurisdiction: Dongfang, Nanfang, Xifang Yi Bei, Beier, Shangxiang and Shangbian, with a permanent population of 320 1 person. Nanshe Village is surrounded by trees and has a unique geography. The distance between villages is close, and it flourished in Ming and Qing Dynasties. This is a big village in Chashan. Many experts praised Nanshe as a rare and complete ancient village in the Pearl River Delta, with 25 ancestral temples and over 20 ancient houses/kloc-0.

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The ancient folk houses in Nanshe Village have now become provincial-level cultural relics protection units, and many people come to visit and explore the ancient times every year, which has become a major tourist hotspot in eastern Dongguan. Prior to this, Nanshe has been open to tourists and photographers free of charge. Nanshe ancient village in Ming and Qing Dynasties has 22 ancestral halls and more than 200 ancient houses. According to the genealogy of Xie's family in Nanshe, Xie, the son of Huiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province) at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, moved southward due to the war, and after several twists and turns, he settled in Nanshe in the first year of Deyou Yihai. After hundreds of years of development in Ming and Qing Dynasties, an ancient village of 96,000 square meters was formed. The ancient village of Nanshe in Ming and Qing Dynasties was bounded by the village wall. The village is centered on the long pond in the middle, with natural mountains scattered on both sides, reasonable roadway layout and complete safety and defense facilities. The cultural landscape of agricultural settlements with Pearl River Delta characteristics consists of dwellings, ancestral halls, academies, shops, temples, ancient banyan trees, pavilions, village walls, ancient wells, alleys and archways. What is commendable is that there are many undamaged buildings in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and a large number of stone carvings, brick carvings, wood carvings, gray sculptures and pottery sculptures have been preserved, which have high artistic value. Xie's Grand Ancestral Hall, Centennial Weng Temple, Centennial Square, Xiejia Temple, Minister Hall, etc. are all excellent ancient buildings in Nanshe.

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The layout of ancient houses is mainly between the inscriptions on gold and Ming. Except for Xie's Grand Ancestral Hall, all the ancestral halls are in the form of two courtyards, and the architectural style of Guangfu is mainly influenced by Chaoshan, wuyue and western architectural culture. It is a rare example of ancient villages in Ming and Qing dynasties in the Pearl River Delta.

Ancient fence

It was built in October of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1644). The wall is made of rammed earth or red stone, with a total length of 302.5 feet. * * There are 2 1 firewood houses, each with its own name and couplets. After the completion of the fence, it has resisted the siege of Li Wanrong and others in the fifth year of Shunzhi (1648) and Liu Jin and others in the tenth year of Kangxi (167 1). At present, there are several sections of the fence and one or two woodhouses.

Xie Shi ancestral hall

Three-bay and three-courtyard layout, mixed beam frame structure with lifting beam and bucket, fork hand with grass-rolling pattern carved between two purlins connected with supporting feet, the first roof is made of pottery, the second and third roofs are carved in gray and the cornice board is beautifully carved. The practice of resting on the top of the mountain in Dongguan ancestral hall is rare. The existing incense burner used in the earliest construction and the inscription built in the thirty-fourth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1555).

Baisuiweng temple

The three-bay, three-entrance courtyard layout, with a hard roof, was built in the Ming Dynasty, and there is an inscription on the "Centennial Temple" in the 23rd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1595), which records that the house was changed into an ancestral hall in memory of Xie Yanqing, a centenarian. The existing altar pedestal and the red stone carvings on the pedestal have the Ming Dynasty style.

Baisui house

It was founded in the 20th to 26th years of Wanli of Ming Dynasty (1592- 1598). At that time, Xie Yanjuan and his wife in Nanshe Village were both over 100 years old. Dongguan county magistrate Li reported to the court that the court allowed the temple to be built. The public temple was named "Hundred Years Square", so the facade of the Hundred Years Square was built like a memorial archway. The existing building has a layout of three bedrooms and two courtyards. The first is the three archways on the third floor, the rest peak, the arch under the eaves, the red stone carving on the screen wall, and the wood carving on the second beam frame, which are exquisite. Centennial workshops and temples are integrated into one, and the layout is ingenious. 1993 was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Dongguan.

Xie Yuqi Camus

Cecilia Yip was the 42nd scholar in China to study the Western Zhou Dynasty in the four years of Qing Dynasty. Later, he left nave to quell the chaos in Xinjiang, made meritorious military service and served as the company commander. After returning to Guangdong, he served as the magistrate of Guangdong and Guangxi. In the 27th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (190 1), a temple was built in memory of Wu Jinshi and General Guan Ju. The building is a quadrangle, with two courtyards, hard roof, suspended beam and bucket mixed beam frame structure. The golden wood carvings, stone carvings and pottery sculptures on the main ridge of Liang are exquisite, and the figures and animal gray sculptures that have just entered the ridge are lifelike. The word "the temple in front of the door" was written by Mr. Tao Xuan, a famous calligrapher in China at that time, which has high artistic value. 1993 is listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Dongguan.

Senior minister

In the second year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1876), Wu Jinshi, the 99th champion in the examination of Bingzi, and Xie Academy, the minister of rites, were laid in a three-bay layout, and the cloister passed through the courtyard. The curved eaves woodcarving in the middle of Ming Dynasty is exquisite, and the animals on the woodcarving are lifelike, which is a rare work of art. The doors and windows are all decorated with western style.

Typical residence

Most of the houses in Nanshe were laid out in the Ming and Jin Dynasties, with Xie Jia in the sixth year of Guangxu (1880) as a typical representative. Compared with the ancestral temple, the building is simple and practical, but it is still decorated with artistic components such as gray plastic, wood carving and stone carving.

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It is planned to reproduce the ancient houses of Nanshe in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

According to some cultural relics experts, although Nanshe ancient village has been preserved, during the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, except for a large number of houses and some other types of ancient buildings and 2 1 ancestral halls, most of the original old shops have been rebuilt, and the original three stone archways have been destroyed. After the investigation of Nanshe ancient dwellings by Tsinghua University architectural experts, it was found that the villagers' ancient dwellings were basically in the original state, and the northern part of the village was built earlier, with more adobe houses, crowded living, backward internal facilities, facilities and lighting conditions to be improved; The south of the village was built in the middle and late Qing Dynasty, mostly in red stone and blue brick houses, with clay sculptures painted under the eaves and walls. The building quality is good, but the internal facilities are also poor. What worries experts most is the lack of reasonable planning for the development of the new district. The old village is surrounded by new houses, so that no old houses can be seen in all directions outside the village. The preservation of the historic sites in Nanshe Village made the local government realize that it must be re-planned. A few days ago, experts from Tsinghua University Urban Planning and Design Institute designed a plan for Nanshe Village within 15 years, taking the whole village as the protection object, and paying equal attention to the protection of both material and intangible cultural heritage, including social fires, sacrifices, festivals, folk customs and traditional dramas. Specifically, we will set up showrooms for village historical materials and folk culture, as well as showrooms for ancestral halls, houses and academies, to show the cultural characteristics of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and to study, explore and publicize outstanding cultural heritage, such as embroidery, bamboo weaving, calligraphy and painting, sculpture, furniture and daily necessities.

7 exhibition halls for tourists to visit.

It is reported that in 2006, Nanshe will focus on developing into a tourist route in Dongguan, showing the representative aspects of ancient villages, attracting local residents to engage in tourism services and increasing employment opportunities. It is reported that the contents visited by tourists mainly include: seven exhibition halls (namely Chashan Folk Exhibition Hall, Nanshe Village History Exhibition Hall, Xie Historical Relics Exhibition Hall, Calligraphy Exhibition Hall, Art Exhibition Hall, Photography Exhibition Hall, Tea Garden Clay Fighter Exhibition Hall) and cultural relics protection groups (such as ancestral halls in Ming and Qing Dynasties, ancient houses, former temples, etc.). The charging standard is 30 yuan per person; /kloc-Group tickets with more than 0/0 people will be charged at 80%, that is, each person will go to 24 yuan.