What about the color matching of Beijing Opera costumes?

The costume color of Peking Opera comes from the costume color of China feudal society, which is mainly based on the costume color of Ming Dynasty. Because of the strong symbolism of Beijing opera costumes, Beijing opera costumes have also become one of the channels to reflect the character. Early Peking Opera costumes were divided into "upper and lower five colors", and the "upper five colors" were red, yellow, black, green and white. "The next five colors" refer to blue, pink, purple, Chou-heung and bright moon. Because yellow is a royal color, ordinary people can't use it casually. The clothes with the most obvious color characteristics are male pythons and male reclining. When describing the neat scale of clothes, the old troupe usually says that there are "ten pythons and ten oblique", which means that there are ten colors of pythons and oblique, which can stage a large-scale drama. Because the color of Beijing opera is closely related to the character, there are strict rules about what kind of clothes to wear. Take the couch as an example. Red loungers are usually worn by positive people or brave people. For example, Hua Yun in The War of Peace, Yang Zaixing in Xiao Shanghe, Zhang Ren in Golden Yanqiao and Wei Tuo in Zhu Xian Array. To reflect the heroism of the people in the play. Because yellow belongs to the royal special color, the yellow back used by ordinary people is not bright yellow, such as Huang Zhong in Dingjun Mountain, Yang Jiye in Li Lingbei and Li Keyong in Julian Village. To reflect the character of older military commanders; There is also a personality dependent on pornography, such as violent military commanders, such as Dian Wei in the battle of Wancheng, Yuwen Chengdou in Siping Mountain, Wu Shu in the Han car, Yang Jian in Zheng Wen array, etc. Because Zhao Kuangyin was the founding emperor, he later made a clear statement in Long Hudou. Black recliners are generally for rude and reckless people, such as Zhang Fei from Changbanpo, Yang from Golden Beach and Niutoushan. In Farewell My Concubine, Xiang Yu tied a black cushion (without a flag), but because of the special status of the overlord, the cushion of the general overlord should be specially made. Green loungers are generally worn by red-faced people, such as Guan Yu in Gu Chenghui, Jiang Wei in Tielong and Guan Sheng in Daming Mansion. , are brave and fearless. Similarly, Guan Yu's green loungers are generally specially made, commonly known as "master loungers". Gao Chong, the earliest "car-picking China", also had a red face, so Gao Chong also had a green face. White faces are most commonly used, such as young and handsome military commanders, such as Gao Siji in Yinkongshan, Zhao Yun in Changbanpo, Ma Chao in Erjiang, and a so-called "Confucian general", such as "Up Five Colors" in Changbanpo is generally used by the protagonist in the play, and "Down Five Colors" is generally used by less important characters in the play. There is also a saying in the troupe that "the valiant soldier leans on the sky", so Gao Chong in "Pick a Chinese Car" either leans on the sky or leans on the sky. Pink is a special color for the minority, and it is also the color that people who should work for the minority should use. For example, Zhou Yu in Back to Jingzhou, Xue Dingshan in Qipanshan, Yang Jiye in Shesaihua and so on. If there is no powder in the troupe, you can change it to white. Purple essence is used by military commanders, such as Zhang He in Lost Street Pavilion, Tang Bi in Jiajialou, Chang Yuchun in Taking Taicang and so on. Qiuxiang and Jiaoyue are two special colors. Chou-heung is green between grass green and olive green, and the bright moon is blue between lake blue and true blue. Chou-heung is a special color for the elderly, which is rarely worn in Qiu Xiangse. If there are other characters in the same play who want to wear apricot, there is only one apricot in the background. So old people can tie Chou-heung. For example, Yang Jiye in Li Lingbei, Yuan Shao in the new drama The Battle of Guandu and Luo Yi in the crossfire are also Chou-heung's partners. Similarly, Jiao Yuepei is also a time when some young people are making powder in the same play. In order to distinguish it, Jiao Yuepei can tie it. But in Golden Beach, Yang Silang depends on the moon, and Yang Balang depends on powder. With the continuous development of Beijing Opera costume colors, the number of colors is gradually increasing, but the new colors are basically refined on the basis of the original costume colors. On the Color of Beijing Opera Costume (2) The Color of Embroidered Robe (1) Author: Shechuan Embroidered Robe is a common costume on the stage of Beijing Opera. Male pythons are mainly worn by princes, generals and other senior officials in the play, while female pythons (including Lao Dan pythons) are worn by the queen and wife in the play, and there is also a flag python worn by ethnic minority women. The clothing form of pythons mainly comes from the official uniforms of senior officials in the Ming Dynasty, and the patterns on them are generally dragons. In ancient times, there was a saying that "five feet were dragons and four feet were pythons", so this kind of clothing was collectively called "pythons". The main color of embroidered robes is basically the same as that of robes, and there are also five colors, but there are some differences. The main feature of clothing color is to express the character and identity of the characters, and at the same time pay attention to the overall stage beauty. Red pythons are widely used, which can be basically divided into two categories according to embroidery patterns: red pythons and red pythons. Red dragons and pythons are generally used by screen people, and the prime ministers (especially treacherous court officials) in the play usually wear red pythons, such as Pan Hong, Cao Cao in Changbanpo, Zhao Gao in the front of the universe, Sima Shi in xiaoyaojin, etc. Group dragons and pythons are mainly used by old students, as well as heroic military commanders in the play, such as Hua Yun in the War of Peace; Wang Fan governors who can't be called emperors, such as Li Keyong in Julian Village and Liu Bei in Dingjun Mountain; The so-called "charming guests", such as Yang Yanhui in Shiro Visiting Mother, Ai Guo in Golden Branch and Chen Shimei in My Fair Lady; There are also younger prime ministers, such as Fan Ju in red python skin in Give me a robe. In God Bless the People, Tiangong also wore a red python. Yellow pythons are usually bright yellow and are specially used by emperors. The emperors in the play usually put on yellow pythons when performing political affairs. For example, Song Zhenzong in "Dragon Robe Plus Body", Liu Xiu in "Going to the Tiantai" and so on. Some emperors wear red pythons, but the characters who can wear red pythons generally belong to those who shouldn't be emperors, such as Li Shimin in Shaqiao Farewell, Xue Pinggui in Dadengdian, Zhao Guangyi in After-Peace Scold and so on. Such figures can also wear yellow pythons. But not all emperors can wear red pythons. Green pythons are also commonly used by old students. The civil servants in charge of military affairs in the drama usually wear green pythons, such as Bai Yang (assistant minister of the Ministry of War) in "The Great Power" and Lu Bing (commander of the Royal Guards) in "The Hall of the Gods". In the old days, before the opening of the drama, there was a dance by the God of Wealth, who was also a green python. If two singers play the role of officials, such as the Eight Immortals King in Hongyangdong and Wu Shang in Zhanfancheng, they usually wear green pythons. The people in the play are all so-called "Confucian generals", such as Yang in Yuanmen Chopper, Yue Fei in Zhentanzhou, etc., wearing white pythons to show gentleness, and Shuai Shuai military commanders such as Zhao Yun in Baidicheng. Including generals with higher positions, such as Zhou Yu. White pythons also have the meaning of mourning, such as Liu Bei in the crying spirit tablet. Theoretically, Li Yanfei, Bai Yang and Xu Zhaoyan in "Big Tan II" can wear white pythons, because it is during the national mourning, not three people at the same time. Sun Shangxiang in "A Biegong Sacrifice to the River" also wears a white python suit. In addition, generally upright senior officials, such as Bao Zheng exploring the Shadow Mountain, Wang Yanling in Qin Xianglian and Yang Jiye in the Lunar New Year Hall, also wear white pythons. Old students seldom wear black pythons on stage. Black pythons are mainly used to draw faces, and they are resolute and brave characters. For example, Bao Zheng in Qin Xianglian, Zhang Fei in Jingzhou, Xiang Yu in Farewell My Concubine and so on. Generally, people who wear black clothes on the stage wear black pythons when they are casual. Basically, the clothes of the same person are the same as those of wearing a python. But because pythons are not apricot, people who rely on apricot wear white pythons, such as Yang Jiye in Yang Jiajiang, or sweet pythons, such as Huang Zhong in Dingjun Mountain, and so on. On the dress color of Peking Opera (3) The color of embroidered robe dress (2) Author: In traditional dramas, the protagonist of Shechuan generally does not wear five-color pythons, except for the so-called "old man play" with white beard. For example, Qiao Xuan in "Dragon and Phoenix Becoming Lucky" is a custom-made Qiu Xiangse python. Purple pythons are usually worn by fierce generals, such as Zhang He, Zha Zi and Xie Zi pythons in the Lost Street Pavilion. Purple pythons are rarely used, and only Mr. Tan Fuying wears them as Liu Beishi in The Dragon and Phoenix. Blue pythons are rarely used. After liberation, China Peking Opera Theatre adapted Jiujiangkou, in which Yuan Shihai played Zhang Dingbian, and Green Python was designed according to Zhang Dingbian's honesty. Pink pythons are specially designed for young students to show their natural and unrestrained valor, such as Zhou Yu, Lu Bu and other young generals. If there is no pink python, you can use white python instead. Qiu Xiangse's python skin is mainly worn by senior officials, such as Wang Yanling and Wang Yun. Like pink pythons, the use of bright moon color is a special color for young students, which can better set off the refined temperament of the people in the play. Jiang Miaoxiang wore a bright moon python when he played Ban Chao in his masterpiece Yumenguan. Lao Dan pythons are mainly worn by elderly women, mostly from Qiu Xiangse, such as She Taijun and Wang Baochuan's mother. Generally speaking, they need to wear Zhu Chao at the same time. Because of the overlapping of characters' personalities and identities, when the same character plays the same role in different genres and actors, according to his own understanding of the characters, he may have different choices in dress. For example, Bai Yang of Longfeng Pavilion can wear green pythons according to his official position (assistant minister of the Ministry of War) and white pythons according to his filial piety. Xu Zhaoyan belongs to Wu Zhi, who can wear purple pythons, loyalty and honesty, blue pythons and white pythons, which is the same filial piety. Actors are free to choose, but one thing is that they must start from the characters in the play, otherwise they will lose the symbolic meaning of clothing color. Python is the official official uniform of officials, and there is also a kind of clothing called "Kai", which is basically the same color as python, but is only worn as an informal occasion. The difference between the two is that the python has big breasts and the opening is inclined. At the same time, you don't need to wear a jade belt when wearing it. There is also a ceremony to wear, which is called "tearing" in jargon, such as Dou Erdun in Worship the Mountain. Kaituo's application scope is also slightly wider than Python's. For example, Ge Dengyun of Qionglin Banquet belongs to a retired official and can wear Kaituo when taking leave. If there is no opening backstage, everyone can use pythons instead except those who have no official positions. The costume colors of early Peking Opera strictly follow the customization of the top five colors and bottom five colors. With the increasing number of Peking Opera plays and the innovative spirit of some actors. The color of clothing has also begun to make a breakthrough. Mr. Ma has devoted a lot of efforts to the reform of Beijing Opera costumes. Many new clothes have been designed. For example, the arrow python worn by Emperor Yongle in "Rouge Treasure Fold" broke through the original shape of the python, incorporated the characteristics of the arrow garment into it, and enriched the stage image. At the same time, because Mr. Ma is good at performing "declining drama", he also created pythons with different colors from the traditional ones, such as light brown, red bean paste gray, deep jujube red and deep lake blue. Qiao Xuan, Kuaiche, Wang Yanling and other figures created by him have formed a unique stage style. Of course, the use of these colors is also based on the premise of enriching the stage colors. Although there is a gap compared with traditional colors, colors similar to other colors and suitable for the same stage image can be applied to each other. For example, bean paste ash can be equated with autumn fragrance and so on. Because pythons are widely used on the stage, different schools and actors have their own understanding and innovation in modeling and color matching. To really sort out the context, we need to watch a large number of plays patiently, and constantly enrich and accumulate experience in order to have a more comprehensive understanding.