When did Jehol Province exist and why was it revoked?

Rehe Province, referred to as Rehe, with the provincial capital Chengde City, was one of the administratively divided provinces during the Republic of China and one of the four northeastern provinces outside the customs.

In January of the third year of the Republic of China (1914), the Jehol Special Zone was established. In September of the seventeenth year of the Republic of China (1928), it was officially restructured into a province. Canceled on July 30, 1955.

The central and western parts of Rehe are part of the Mongolian Plateau, and the eastern part is a flat and broad platform. The whole province is mainly the Liaohe River Basin, with the Liaohe River as the main basin in the west, the Luanhe River in the south, and the Daling River and Xiaoling River in the southeast. river. Mesas, valleys and hills are intricately intertwined.

The province's jurisdiction is approximately equivalent to the entire territory of Chifeng City in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region today, most of Tongliao City (west of Horqin District), the area north of Yixian and Jinzhou City in Liaoning Province, west of Zhangwu County, and Hebei Province Most of Chengde City.

In the 17th year of the Republic of China, according to a survey by the Geographical Society, the province covered an area of ??approximately 147,500 square kilometers. According to the "New Map of the Republic of China" in the 23rd year of the Republic of China, it was recorded as 173,960 square kilometers.

In the 36th year of the Republic of China, the province covered an area of ??179,982.05 square kilometers. It borders Liaoning Province and Liaobei Province to the east, Chahar Province to the west, and Hebei Province to the south.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the province was abolished on July 30, 1955.

Extended information:

Reasons for the revocation of Jehol Province.

1. The border crisis that Rehe faced when it was established as a provincial administrative region no longer exists.

Japan has been defeated, Outer Mongolia has become independent and has been recognized by New China. New China and the former Soviet Union are both members of the post-war socialist camp, which eliminates the problem of the former Soviet Union expanding its power to China.

2. Rehe Province is economically backward.

Rehe once prospered as a trade route connecting Mongolia and Guannei in the mid-Qing Dynasty. However, with the invasion of foreign aggressive forces in the late Qing Dynasty and the development of the separatist forces in Outer Mongolia, this business road gradually declined, and Rehe lacked industry. , affected by terrain and climate.

Coupled with years of war and exploitation by feudal warlords, Rehe’s agriculture and animal husbandry was also very backward. Before liberation, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party fought repeatedly in the Rehe area, which also caused great damage to the economy. .

3. Rehe’s finances have always been unable to make ends meet.

Rehe has several financial problems: low income, large expenditures, and large deficits; except for public grain and taxation, the eldest family has no housework.

4. As a provincial-level administrative region, the administrative divisions of Rehe have been changing since its establishment.

The county flags under the jurisdiction of Rehe Province have not been customized and have been changed repeatedly. From the Rehe Special Zone, which has 14 counties and 1 administrative bureau, to the Rehe Province, which has 15 counties and 5 administrative bureaus. , and then in 1947, it governed 20 counties and 20 banners. The Beiyang government once implemented a Dao system, but it was abolished after the National Government came to power. After liberation, several counties were abolished and restored several times.

It can be said that the administrative units under Jehol Province have not been fixed, which is undoubtedly inappropriate for a province.

5. For the unification of the Inner Mongolia administrative region.

The ethnic policies formulated by the Communist Party of China have been further implemented in the liberated areas in central and eastern Inner Mongolia. With the advancement of the Liberation War, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China gradually put forward the concept of restoring the historical region of Inner Mongolia.

From March 5 to 13, 1949, the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Xibaipo. During the meeting, relevant responsible persons of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China discussed issues such as the administrative divisions and forms of autonomy in Inner Mongolia.

Chairman Mao Zedong proposed that conditions should be actively created to restore the historical region of Inner Mongolia. The leading organs of the autonomous region would first be relocated from Ulanhot to Zhangjiakou, and then relocated to Guisui after Suiyuan was liberated. This intention is very clear, which is to abolish the three provinces of Jehol, Chahar and Suiyuan and create conditions for Inner Mongolia to form a unified autonomous region in the east and west.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Rehe Province

People's Daily Online - Major Events in Inner Mongolia: The merger of Inner Mongolia and Suizhou to realize the unification and autonomy of Inner Mongolia