Wuhu tiehua tiehua

Wuhu iron painting, formerly known as iron flower, is a famous traditional handicraft of Han nationality in Wuhu City, Anhui Province, and a specialty of Wuhu area. The founder of iron painting art was Tang Peng, a blacksmith in Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty. Wuhu iron painting has a long history, unique style, exquisite craftsmanship and superb skills. According to legend, it was created by Tang Tianchi, a blacksmith in Wuhu, Anhui Province in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and then gradually spread to Beijing, Shandong and other places. Another kind of iron painting originated in the Song Dynasty and prevailed in the Northern Song Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, the iron paintings in Wuhu, Anhui Province became self-contained and gradually became famous all over the world, including figures, landscapes, flowers and birds, etc. There are stereoscopic and semi-stereoscopic forms. In addition to vertical shafts, nave, banners and screens (generally with an outer frame), there are also iron painting lamps folded on all sides to form Yi Deng.

Iron painting technology combines the welding technology of ancient gold and silver hollow flowers, absorbs the advantages of paper-cutting, wood carving and brick carving, and combines the brushwork and composition of Chinese painting. The picture is bright and dark, with strong three-dimensional sense, which is unique in ancient arts and crafts. The iron painting created by Tang Peng is a pearl in the treasure house of arts and crafts in China. The giant iron painting "Welcome Pine" and the poem "Long March" of Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, which are now displayed in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, are representative works of contemporary iron painting technology in China.

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Most of them are about pine, plum, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum and eagle. This kind of iron-painted lining board is hung on the powder wall, which is more dignified and eye-catching.

Colored lanterns

Generally, it consists of 4 to 6 iron paintings, with stickers or plain silk inside and silver candles burning in the middle, which are dazzling and touching.

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Most of them are landscapes, simple and elegant, and spectacular. Wuhu is close to the Yangtze River with convenient transportation. It was once the national pulp and dyeing center in Ming and Qing Dynasties and one of the four rice markets in China. Since ancient times, the iron smelting industry has been very developed. The developed iron smelting industry and superb forging technology provide the innate foundation and conditions for the creation of Wuhu iron painting.

Wuhu iron painting uses hammer as pen, iron as ink, anvil as paper and forged iron as painting, which is ingenious and graceful. Wuhu iron painting has a long history, unique style, exquisite craftsmanship and superb skills. Iron painting began in the Kangxi period in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and has a history of more than 340 years. It was made by Tianchi, an iron court in Wuhu, and Xiao Chimu, a painter in Wuhu. Wuhu iron painting, which originated from Chinese painting, has the basic artistic characteristics of Xin 'an Painting School. Its writing style is thin and concise, and its style is cold and stubborn. It is a pure manual forging art. It is made of iron as raw material, melted in a red furnace, and then forged, drilled, welded and filed. It not only has the charm of Chinese painting, but also has the three-dimensional beauty of sculpture, and also shows the flexibility and ductility of steel, which is a unique art.

Wuhu Iron Painting has participated in the World Expo in Paris, France and the Plastic Art Exhibition in Budapest, Hungary, and has been exhibited in more than 20 countries and regions such as Japan, Kuwait, Italy, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia and Hong Kong. 1959 to 1960, the large-scale iron paintings "Welcome Pine", "Meishan Reservoir" and the iron book "Qinyuan Spring Snow" made by the old artist Chu Yanqing and several disciples were arranged in the Great Hall of the People. Wuhu iron painting has been inherited and developed for more than 340 years. On the basis of traditional small-scale scenes, lamps and screens, three-dimensional iron paintings, bonsai iron paintings, porcelain plate iron paintings and gold-plated iron paintings have been created, forming more than 200 varieties in five series, including seating screens, murals, calligraphy, decorative furnishings and cultural gifts. With its unique artistic style and charm, it is unique in the art world.

A dazzling spectacle of arts and crafts in China.

Iron paintings are made of low carbon steel. Artists use hammers instead of pens, stoves as inkstones, iron as ink, and white backgrounds to frame paintings. The picture keeps the true color of iron and is not painted. The composition adopts the layout and brushwork of Chinese painting, with sparse lines from a distance and thick layout of near objects, which makes the landscape interesting, the pavilions have a sense of perspective, the figures are vivid, the bird and flower postures are realistic, the hammering skills are connected with painting theory, and painting and handicrafts are combined.

From 65438 to 0959, the iron painting Cowherd and Weaver Girl participated in the plastic arts exhibition of socialist countries and the Paris Expo held in Moscow. "Cowherd and Weaver Girl" is a beautiful folklore. The Weaver Girl is the granddaughter of the Jade Emperor and the Queen Mother, and the Cowherd is a poor orphan on earth. She was often abused by her brother and sister-in-law and left home prematurely. Because of her love with Weaver Girl, she has children and lives happily. Unexpectedly, the jade emperor knew about it. He was very angry. He immediately sent the gods to catch the weaver girl, and the weaver girl was caught in the sky, but the cowherd could not go to heaven. He can only cry with the child in his arms. Later, before his death, his old cow told Cowherd that he would have to cut off his skin to make clothes before he could ascend to heaven. Sure enough, the cowherd and his children went to heaven to find the weaver girl. The queen mother tore off the golden hairpin on her head and drew it out of thin air. Suddenly the Milky Way appeared, and the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl could not meet each other across the river, which was extremely sad. Finally, he moved the Jade Emperor and allowed them to meet at Queqiao once a year on July 7th. This iron painting well reproduces this touching fairy tale in the history of China. 1960, they made a large-scale iron painting screen "Welcome Pine" for the Anhui Hall of the Great Hall of the People, which was highly praised by Premier Zhou Enlai. In front of this screen, the Prime Minister met with friends from various countries many times and took photos as a souvenir. 1977 Chairman Mao's poem "The Red Army is not afraid of difficult expeditions" was produced by Chairman Mao Memorial Hall. The calligraphy iron painting hanging screen is 8 meters long and 2.3 meters high, in which the largest character is as high as 1.5 meters and weighs 10 kg. With superb skills, artists make these iron paintings as smooth as writing a book. Artists constantly innovate and create three-dimensional iron paintings, porcelain iron paintings, pure gold and gold-plated paintings. Tang Tianchi, the originator of iron painting, was born in Huizhou, Anhui Province, and later moved to Mingjue Township, Lishui County, Jiangsu Province. When I was young, I moved to Wuhu, the hometown of iron smelting, to avoid the shortage of soldiers. At that time, Wuhu's iron smelting industry was very prosperous, and many skilled iron smelting workers were concentrated. Therefore, folk proverbs have the reputation of "iron is smelted into steel in Wuhu". Tang is a beginner in playing iron. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, he rented a storefront that was once the great-grandfather of Qianlong and Huang Yue scholar, and started his own iron workshop. At that time, Wuhu was not only the artery of land and water transportation and the distribution center of various materials, but also close to Jiuhua Mountain, one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in China. There are not only thousands of businessmen and crowds, but also many pilgrims. They all like to buy colorful iron flower branches and lanterns produced and sold by Wuhu Tiepu as a way to worship Buddha in the mountains. Tang Tianchi also makes these products for sale. Later, the iron flower was transplanted with the content of the iron flower lantern. First of all, it is "refined to make it thin, and then it is analyzed to stretch out with music", and then it is tempered and forged to be "for the landscape, for the bamboo stone, for the decline of the lotus, for the decline of the willow, and for embarrassment. The location arranged by Guo Suo, just like Danqing's home, made an iron painting with a unique artistic style of "landscape flowers, each wonderful".

Wuhu Iron Painting is one of the famous handicrafts in China with a long history. It was created by Tang Tianchi, an iron painter in Wuhu during the Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty. Known as "Wuhu Iron Painting", it is an exclusive product in China. It is necessary for artists to forge paintings with hammers instead of pens. Chu Yanqing, a native of Zongyang Town, Tongcheng County, Anhui Province, was born in the 28th year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty-1902. He is an ironworker and has six brothers and sisters, ranking fourth. When my father died at the age of six, I went to my uncle's house to herd cattle. At the age of twelve, my mother died again, and my eldest brother, elder sister and fifth brother died one after another. My second sister was adopted as an adopted daughter. I am young and have no life, so I have to lead my little sister to beg along the street. The neighbors are very sympathetic to his brother and sister's misfortune. Introduced by neighbor Wang Xingfa, Chu Cai entered Wang Yonghe Tiepu as an apprentice. 19 17 After three years of apprenticeship, he was introduced to Anqing-Yangtie as a helper. Later, he was introduced by Yang Jinian, a relative of Wuhu Tiepu owner Yang, and went to work at Yangtongxing Tiepu 1920 in Wuhu West Garden. Later, he left because of disagreement. Later, I lived on the streets and lived in the Old Town God Temple at night, interacting with a group of beggars. Chu Yanqing learned from the folklore handed down by beggars that Tang Tianchi, an iron worker in Wuhu in Qing Dynasty, created iron paintings. In order to improve the artistic level of iron paintings, he also learned the tortuous course of Tang Tianchi from the painter Xiao Chimu. This story is about a blacksmith, and I am also a blacksmith, so I am particularly interested and have a deep memory. Although I had never seen iron painting at that time, I had the idea of learning to paint while the iron was hot.

At present, Chu Jinxia, her female teacher, has inherited the iron painting skills and established "Chu's iron painting" as her brand, which will carry forward the iron painting skills. With the development of the times, Wuhu iron paintings have made numerous innovations, and artists have successively created porcelain iron paintings. The creation of silver plate iron paintings and iron paintings has opened a wonderful flower for the art world in China and become a precious heritage in China's cultural treasure house.