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Selected papers on folk art

Folk art is a concept with multiple meanings. It is the art of working people, mainly farmers. It is a simple and free art created by the working people themselves and applied and spread among them. form. The following is a selection of papers on folk art that I have collected for everyone. You are welcome to read and refer to it!

Selected papers on folk art 1

On the role of folk art in The value of art education

Folk art has always had a place in my country's art education. At present, in the artistic context of the era of diversified visual arts, folk art has received more and more attention in art education.

Introducing folk art into college art education is mutually beneficial for both parties. The inheritance of folk art through school education can avoid the fate of a rupture in inheritance and can continue to flourish; schools Art education can add new vitality and enrich teaching content because of the addition of folk art. The simple shapes, simple colors, cultural connotations, traditional art concepts, etc. contained in folk art have a reference and inspiration for school art teaching. Through the study of folk art, students can improve their imagination, keen observation, develop creative thinking, strengthen the influence of traditional culture, enrich their emotions, form a unique aesthetic, and then create excellent works with personal style and the spirit of the times.

1. Improvement of traditional cultural accomplishment

The goal of art education is to enhance people’s spiritual realm, enrich people’s emotions, improve people’s feelings about life, and can serve as an important collaborative factor , to help complete people’s moral education, intellectual education and physical education. The cultivation and improvement of the human spirit through art education is itself the goal pursued by moral education. It can be said that aesthetic education and moral education are inseparable. Art education shoulders the important task of aesthetic education, and aesthetics is the most basic nature of art education. Many art educators have been committed to bringing national things into contemporary art classes. For example, Mr. Dong Xiwen unremittingly implements the nationalization of oil painting in his teaching, and guides students to extensively study various excellent artistic heritages of ancient and modern times and Chinese folk art, so as to broaden students' horizons and cultivate comprehensive artistic accomplishment. Introducing folk art into art education can avoid the shortcomings of art education that focus too much on skills, art techniques, and operating procedures, while neglecting the spiritual cultivation and enlightenment of students through aesthetic education.

Re-understanding of my country’s folk art is an important foundation for promoting the development of my country’s art education. It is the key to exploring the balance between localization and globalization in art education and the development of art education under the background of globalization. . In the context of globalization, art education resources are excavated from traditional culture, and Chinese folk art is creatively transformed from the perspective of the new century, ultimately forming a modern Chinese art culture that has the connotation of the times without losing its traditional heritage. Construct. Lin Fengmian once said: The culture of a nation must be based on its inherent culture. We have 5,000 years of culture. Each era has its own creations that have a good sense of the times. We must preserve our inherent and good things. Absorb what's out there. ?[1] Traditional culture is a valuable resource for art education and art creation. Transforming it into diverse art education resources can enable students to understand the connotation of traditional Chinese culture, expand their horizons, and achieve the purpose of art education with Chinese characteristics.

Folk art is art created by the working people to meet their own and social life needs. Its cultural connotation and artistic form represent the original Chinese cosmology, aesthetics, emotional temperament and Chinese culture of the national cultural group. the national spirit of the nation. Its unique shape and aesthetic method produce a simple and honest beauty, and the national spirit contained in it has strong vitality. The living environment and material level of the older generation of folk artists are relatively low, but they always express a positive and healthy feeling in their artistic works. The truth, goodness and beauty contained in folk art works satisfy the spirit, help purify the soul, and have a beneficial impact on people's life and creative attitude, allowing people to improve their artistic appreciation and form a healthy and upward attitude. Aesthetic taste.

2. The development of creative thinking

In art teaching, folk art is just a method to achieve the goal, not a goal. The real purpose is to make people more creative in the creative process through art education. Folk art can be used as a medium for aesthetic education to help students find an entry point into art.

Some art academies hire local folk artists to provide practical guidance. Through the artist’s teaching, they can master the unique modeling techniques such as shapes, colors, patterns, etc., as well as the contours of shapes and materials and technology characteristics. , so that students' visual senses can be actively stimulated, enhance the sensitivity, understanding and selectivity of observing things, improve students' overall perception ability, find the perfection of beauty, and thereby gain the richness and maturity of their own aesthetic emotions. In the process of learning, seek creative inspiration, expand your horizons, and improve your aesthetic taste, thereby stimulating imagination and creative potential.

In 1986, the Central Academy of Fine Arts established the Department of Folk Art, introducing the research and teaching of rural art into the highest art institution in my country.

And organized a folk art teaching that year, inviting six peasant artists to the podium of the Academy of Fine Arts to teach folk art. At the teaching summary meeting, the students all said: "I have painted things that I have not been able to paint in several years, and I have learned a lot." Content that was difficult to learn in previous classroom teaching. ?And the teachers also think:? They have found the true meaning of art that they have been searching for for many years. It was an inspiring and uplifting teaching. ?[2]

3. The status of folk art in art education

For traditional Chinese art, the diversified levels are by no means simply juxtaposed, but in folk art. developed on the basis of. Folk art is the foundation of all art. It is both the source and the stream of art. Therefore, the modeling laws and creation methods of Chinese folk art should exist in China's art schools alongside other art laws and creation methods. Only in this way can China's art education be worthy of the name and have its own national characteristics. His complete appearance is independent of the world. [3]

Excellent art is rooted in the land where it grows. Only by recognizing where your roots are and fundamentally recognizing the indispensability of traditional culture can you inherit and promote national art. Nowadays, some young artists disdain folk art, thinking that these things from the countryside are vulgar and filthy, and they blindly admire some so-called isms or styles in the West. Little do they know that only by accumulating rich traditional cultural accomplishments can they create high-quality art. works of art. While learning from the excellent art forms of other countries, we must also understand our country's traditions, fully absorb the nutrients in Chinese traditional folk art, and integrate the rich and colorful folk art elements and national cultural spirit into modern art in order to create influential works. works of art.

In recent years, the educational community has paid more and more attention to the important role of art education in cultivating and improving students' overall quality. In addition to requiring students to be familiar with and master the basic rules of expression and modeling, art education is more importantly to guide students to be good at capturing their inner feelings about the objects they describe, and to guide students to passionately describe the objects based on fully understanding and grasping them. The objects are summarized and vividly expressed, focusing on integrating one's own feelings and will into the works, and accurately expressing one's own personality and style.

These national characteristics are deeply and vividly expressed in folk art styles. In the art world, under the current explosion and integration of styles and forms, through the analysis and study of the national psychological characteristics, traditional aesthetic concepts and unique modeling methods contained in folk art, art education can get rid of the original To overcome the shortcomings of mechanics and emptiness in the art teaching system, we draw on the essence of spirituality and nature in traditional Chinese culture to create an aesthetic education style that complements the spirit of the times and cultural heritage. Eventually, the personality power formed by this kind of aesthetic education will penetrate into the subconscious level of an individual's spiritual life, and form the spiritual outlook of a nation and an era across a certain time and space.

Conclusion

Contemporary art education should be based on and rooted in the traditional national culture, and take the development of the traditional national spirit and the promotion of the traditional national culture as its leading work. Excellent works of art are all rooted in the deep national soil. The national spirit is the soul of artistic creation, and only what is national is world-wide.

Inject the awareness of folk art education, think about the development strategy of Chinese art, improve and strengthen the foresight of cultivating the artistic quality of the whole nation, establish students’ values, cultural accomplishments, and behavioral norms, so that they can establish national sentiments and provide Inheriting the essence of the country's traditional culture, ensuring social unity, progress and development and carrying out meaningful substantive work are also the directions of basic art education and teaching today and in the future.

Selected Papers on Folk Art 2

A brief discussion on the development of folk art

Abstract China’s folk art is spread all over rural areas. There is almost no one who does not have a close relationship with folk art. They are either creators or enjoyers, and they are all involved. The aesthetic forms and forms of folk art are rich and colorful, and its cultural connotations are far-reaching and rich, echoing the ancient primitive cultural and artistic concepts, and the two have a blood relationship of origin and evolution. Many of his shapes and patterns can be traced back to the origin of the Chinese nation and the source of Chinese civilization. Therefore, it has distinct value in folklore, ethnology, historical archeology and cultural anthropology.

Keywords folk art, decorative art

Folk art is a multi-sense concept. It is the art of working people, mainly farmers. It is created by the working people themselves and in their A simple and free art form applied and spread among them. Folk art can be said to be the part with the most national characteristics and local spirit among national arts. The authors of folk art are the people and folk craftsmen. Most of them are produced in their spare time during labor production, or as sideline production, and mainly for their own use and appreciation. Therefore, they express their psychology, wishes, beliefs and moral concepts.

Folk art and folk activities have a very close relationship and develop along with folk activities. Folk art creation is also the most active in folk festival celebrations, weddings and funerals, births and birthdays, games to welcome gods and other activities.

For example, New Year pictures, paper-cuts, and Spring Festival couplets are used to decorate the environment before and after the Chinese New Year; costumes are made for children; props for social gatherings; paper lanterns to celebrate the Lantern Festival; Tianshi talismans, statues of Zhong Kui, and decorations for the Five Poisons costumes hung on the Dragon Boat Festival and dragon boats and colorful boats; lotus lanterns for the Hungry Ghost Festival, moon cake flower molds for the Mid-Autumn Festival, and clay sculptures of rabbits; wedding dresses, wedding flowers, and wedding tents for weddings; tiger head hats, tiger head shoes, Longevity Lock, Longevity Clothes. The costume arrangements in the song and dance gatherings of ethnic minority folk festivals are also decorated with rich art objects.

Tibetan people offer butter flowers to gods, and Dai people give each other flower purses during the Water Splashing Festival. Folk art is distributed in various regions across the country. Due to China's vast territory and numerous ethnic groups, there are differences in geographical conditions, customs, emotions, temperaments, etc., and rich categories and diverse styles have been formed in folk art. These art works include Some are for daily use (such as lamps, tableware, furniture), and some are used for decoration and beautifying the environment (such as New Year pictures, window grilles), which have the characteristics of unified practical value and aesthetic value; most of the production materials of folk art are ordinary wood and cloth. , paper, bamboo, and soil. However, they have superb production skills and ingenious conception. They rarely imitate naturalistic objects. Instead, they are good at bold imagination and exaggeration to express strong emotions. They are also often used in familiar allegorical and homophonic techniques to express through beautiful images. Their yearning for a better life has a positive and optimistic attitude. Their art is vigorous, fresh, lively and simple, with a distinct romanticism. It can be seen that folk art has developed along the original art of mankind and continues to this day.

Although China’s folk arts are rich and colorful and have various forms, they still have many different characteristics. These characteristics reflect the spiritual outlook of a nation. Generally speaking, they are as follows: :

1. Positivity.

Chinese folk art is a kind of "musical culture", a joyful art, which is essentially different from the Western "guilt culture". Most Western cultures, starting from the Christian idea of ??original sin, believe that the purpose of life is only to atone for sins, to obtain forgiveness and to gain new life. This ideological concept has also been fully reflected in their artistic works. In China, for thousands of years, the common people who have lived on the basis of individual agriculture cannot escape natural and man-made disasters, hunger, cold, and poverty. They can only survive in the comfort of "live in sorrow and die in happiness". They pray. All things are animistic, praying for life and reproduction, and dreaming of joy and auspiciousness. Their philosophical concept is that of reincarnation - "If you are not good today, you will be better tomorrow"; "If you do well in this life, you will be rewarded in the next life". They are always full of hope for the future and the next life. Therefore, most of their art works do not express the hardships of real life, but try their best to express the beauty expected in their ideals.

2. Symbolic.

Laborers were the first to obtain the driving force for abstract creation from the process of understanding and transforming nature. Primitive art and folk art became the forerunners of abstract art.

In shaping the image, folk artists mostly adapt to the time, place and material conditions, without any pretense, and use abstract techniques to show the natural and simple original appearance of the object. Put aside the details of the real image and use very simple lines to summarize the abstract real image: in folk art types such as cotton embroidery and peach blossom, except for a few concrete patterns, most of them are geometric patterns composed of points, lines and surfaces. . This abstract modeling ability can be traced back to the Neolithic Age. There are various patterns on the surface of painted pottery such as dots, triangles, whirlpools, twists and turns, tooth patterns, fish patterns, frogs, etc., leaving aside the various details and irregular factors of reality itself. , using extremely simple lines to summarize the image of abstract reality. Abstracting various animals and plants into geometric patterns requires not only careful observation. Seize the main characteristics of the object, concentrate on generalization, exaggerate and deform, and also be full of strong cultural connotation and ancient modeling consciousness; Yunnan Cangyuan culture and ancient modeling consciousness have abstract and symbolic meanings. Generalized abstract geometric figures can also be seen in the folk costumes and decorations of daily necessities of the Han nationality, such as Baijiayi and Baina silk.

This kind of piece is made of rhombus-shaped rags. With the splicing of colors and geometric structure, it completely presents a certain animal or plant shape, with bright and harmonious colors; the Chinese trees and fish that worship reproduction People, chicken-headed fish, and Pisces, the atmosphere is warm and festive. Folk art is generally expressed in stylized shapes. For example, the painting technique of "a ten-pound lion has a nine-pound head, and a pound of tail loses the head" shows bold choices, exaggerating and refining its essence, discarding and weakening the details, and exaggerating the content of the painting: Guizhou folk clay play, wild boar The shape is very peculiar, with the head and mouth occupying most of the space, and the torso is almost omitted, but the wild boar's ferocity is vividly expressed. In order to highlight the prowess of the door god, the woodblock New Year paintings in Wuqiang, Hebei Province, try to exaggerate the body as much as possible horizontally, reducing the proportions of the human body to four heads long, forming a square and thick frame as thick as a mountain, while the ladies are portrayed to be particularly delicate, with slender waists and slender shoulders, making them extremely graceful. When folk woodblock prints deal with large scenes, they use simple strokes to express a variety of objects. In a dramatic performance, a few soldiers are equivalent to thousands of troops. In the prints, a few groups of thinly arranged grass are a meadow. This kind of omission in modeling is reasonable, and the meaning is clear even if it is not explained.

3. Educational.

When talking about education, we must focus on its moral enlightenment function. It can be said that Chinese folk art has played an irreplaceable role in China’s thousands of years of ethical and moral education. Folk art is known for its Unique affinity, integrating ideological and rational content into artistic images, educating and entertaining in a unique way, and having an important appreciation for enlightening and educating people's moral concepts, behavioral norms, life values, concepts of right and wrong, and aesthetic tastes. , aesthetic and educational significance, which is also the internal driving force for its own existence value and relatively independent development. Among folk art works, themes aimed at commending and publicizing the deeds of martyrs, loyalty, filial piety, virtue, sage demeanor, and chivalrous behavior account for a large proportion. They often use folk legends, historical allusions, novels or opera characters as themes, and use aesthetic power to express them. Preaching and teaching through entertainment and play is a materialized form of promoting faith concepts and moral thoughts. Works in this area can be found in the wood carvings, brick carvings and stone carvings in Huizhou architecture in southern Anhui, such as: "Tattooing on Mother-in-law", "Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea" ?, "Shui Po Liangshan", "Wu Song Fights Tiger" and so on.