Introduction of 17-hole Bridge in Beijing?

The 17-hole bridge in Beijing is a masterpiece of ancient Chinese bridge architecture. Located in the western suburbs of Beijing, the Summer Palace is a long bridge connecting the east bank of Kunming Lake and Nanhu Island. Built in Qingganlong (1736- 1795), it is the largest stone bridge in the garden. The bridge is composed of 17 bridge holes, with a length of150m. It spans the east levee and Nanhu Island, like a rainbow lying across the waves. Its shape has the characteristics of Beijing Lugou Bridge and Suzhou baodai bridge. The stone carvings on the bridge are very exquisite. There are 544 lions with different expressions carved on the watchpost of each bridge fence, and the size is * * *. There are also stone carvings and animals at the two bridges, which are very vivid. On the north side of the bridge forehead, the book "The Beast Buckles the Moon" and the book "Xiuling Bo" on the south side contain profound Chinese culture, which has extremely high aesthetic value, academic value and use value.

geographical environment

The Summer Palace is surrounded by mountains and waters, and the Kunming Lake in the park accounts for about three-quarters (3/4) of the total park area.

There is a South Lake Island in Kunming Lake, which is connected with the shore by a beautiful 17-hole bridge. The Summer Palace, originally used as a palace and sightseeing garden, covers an area of 290 hectares (4,350 mu). The whole garden is centered on the Buddha Pavilion on Wanshou Mountain, with halls, halls, buildings, pavilions, corridors and pavilions. Depending on the location and terrain, it is exquisite and beautiful.

The 17-hole bridge connects Nanhu Island in the west, wide as a pavilion in the east, and flies between Dongdi and Nanhu Island. It is not only the only access to Nanhu Island, but also an important scenic spot in the lake area. The bridge is150m long and 8m wide, and consists of 17 sampling holes. It is the largest bridge in the Summer Palace. Seen from a distance, it flies over the blue waves like a rainbow. The plaques on the 17-hole bridge were all written by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. The southern end of the bridge is engraved with the words "Repair Ling Bo", describing the 17-hole bridge as a rainbow, flying above the blue waves of Kunming Lake. The northern end of the bridge has the words "Ji Ling Yanyue", and the 17-hole bridge is hailed as a beast in the water, lying in the water for half a month. Another couplet at the northern end of the bridge reads: "The rainbow lies on the bank of Liang Shi, the long wind keeps blowing, the waves return to the green pulp, and the moon shines." On an elegant and quiet night, it is more pleasant to enjoy the scenery of this bridge. The stone carvings on the 17-hole bridge are very exquisite. There are 544 lions with different expressions carved on the watchpost of each bridge fence, and the size is * * *. There are 128 sentries on the white stone railings on both sides of the bridge. Each sentry post is carved with exquisite stone lions with different postures. Some mothers and children hug each other, some frolic, some chase each other, and some stare at the scenery, all of which are vivid. Every bridge has two behemoths, much like Kirin, very powerful. There are four stone carving animals at both ends of the bridge. Their images are fierce and extremely vivid.

Leave Wenchang Pavilion and walk south, and you will find Zhichun Pavilion on the lakeside island. Peach willows are planted all over the island, which is the earliest spring, hence the name. Standing in the pavilion, you can see the far, middle and close views in an unobstructed view, which is the best position to see the scenery of the whole park. There is also the Brilliant Hall of Lu Ye, Prime Minister of Yuan Dynasty. Further south, you can see the largest pavilion in the garden, octagonal double eaves, supported by 24 columns, with two floors 16 square columns inside and outside, which is unique. The pavilion, like a scale, is pressed at the eastern end of the 17-hole bridge, playing the key scenic spot Nanhu Island on the west side of the bridge. There is a bronze bull beside the pavilion, which was cast in 1775, which is a unique scenery. Under the bronze cow is Mount Sumi carved with waves, which means saving water.

This 17 span bridge is located on the broad Kunming Lake, with a length of150m and a width of 8m. Named after the 17 bridge hole, it is the largest stone bridge in the park. It connects West Lake Island to the west and a pavilion-like corridor to the east, flying between Dongdi and Nanhu Island. It is not only the only access to Nanhu Island, but also an important scenic spot in the lake area. The beautifully-shaped 17-hole bridge divides the water surface of Kunming Lake into different levels, giving a panoramic view of the emptiness of thousands of acres of blue waves, so the embellishment of the bridge eliminates the untraceable emptiness, which are all ingenious pens of landscape designers. On the railings on both sides of the stone bridge, 544 stone lions of different sizes and shapes are carved. There are 59 more Lugou Bridges than Shishi in Beijing. It is interesting to watch the strange shapes of stone lions.

The article Beauty of Bridges once quoted a 17-span bridge.

Seen from the whole lake, the lake is divided into three parts by the long west dike and the short west dike, and the separated Nanhu Island, Zaoshitang Island and Zhijingge Island respectively symbolize the three fairy mountains of Penglai, Abbot and Yingzhou in the East China Sea, not the ancient fairyland in Taoist belief. From the perspective of the whole park, the location of Nanhu Island and Foxiang Pavilion in Wanshou Mountain presents the attitude of "one guest and one master". Outside the west dike, it is infinitely far-reaching, and it gives people a sense of openness by borrowing the natural scenery of the western hills outside the park. It is indeed endless, endless.

origin

A bridge with 17 holes, why build 17 holes? Because the big hole in the middle of the bridge is just "9" from both ends of the bridge, and "9" is called an extreme positive number, which was the favorite auspicious number of feudal emperors in the past, so the bridge was built as 17 hole.

The 17-hole bridge in the Summer Palace is a multi-arch stone bridge with 17 holes, with a length of150m, flying between Nanhu Island and Langruting. When Qianlong was built, it was modeled after the famous Lugou Bridge. The stone carvings on the bridge are very beautiful. There are 544 lions with different expressions carved on the sentry box of each bridge fence, and there are stone carvings and animals at the bridge head, which are very vivid. On the east side of the bridge, there is a statue of a true water bronze cow.

Zhenshui bronze bull is located in the east dike of Kunming Lake, lying on the stone pedestal, and is famous for its vivid expression and the shape of a real bull. In the twenty years of Qing Qianlong (1755), it was cast with copper and called "Taurus". It is said that the flood has been suppressed. On the back of the cow, there is also an 80-word seal engraving "Jinniu Ming" inscribed by Emperor Qianlong himself. The inscription reads: "Yu Xia ruled the river, and the Iron Bull was told. Righteousness attaches great importance to An Lan, and later generations will follow suit. It's like taking a rough Kun to be a strong Kun. Dragons in the distance, cockroaches count. This Kunming is full of water. Jin wrote about the magical cow, using Zhen You Yong. Ba Qiu Huai Shui, * * * full of articles, known as Hanwu, I admire Tang Yao. The symbol of Ruiying was captured in the West Sea. Jingzi is auspicious, Ganlong Yihai. "

history

There is a two-part allegorical saying circulating in Beijing: There are countless lions in Lugou Bridge. In fact, there are more than 500 stone lions carved on the 17-hole bridge in the Summer Palace, dozens more than the lions on the Lugou Bridge!

This 17-hole bridge is the largest bridge in the Summer Palace, with a total length of 150 meters, connecting Bafang Pavilion in the east and Nanhu Island in the west. Above the 17-breath Cave, there is a white marble railing carved with stone lions, which is like a rainbow, connecting the world with Penglai Fairy Island.

According to legend, during the Qianlong period, many skilled craftsmen were invited to build the 17-span bridge. The glittering and translucent white marble was mined by the masons in Dashiwo, Fangshan, and transported step by step with sweat. One day, an old man in his seventies and eighties came to the bridge repair site. His hair is longer than his ears, and the soil on his face is as thick as copper coins. Carrying a toolbox on his back, he shouted as he walked, "Who will buy the Longmen Stone? Who buys Longmen stone! " People on the construction site thought he was crazy when they saw his dirty strength, and no one paid attention to him.

The old man wandered around the construction site for three days and shouted for three days, but no one paid attention to him.

The old man left the construction site with his toolbox on his back and walked eastward under a big locust tree in Liulangzhuang, unable to stay. He sleeps under a tree at night, and every day the rooster crows and gets up, brandishing a hammer and banging on the Longmen stone.

One day it got dark and it rained cats and dogs. The old man couldn't open his eyes because of the wind and rain. He squatted under the tree with his head in his hands. At the right moment, uncle Wang, who lives in the west of the village, passed by here. Seeing the old man's timid appearance, he was very distressed and asked him to move to his home.

The old stonemason moved to Uncle Wang's house, where he had a room to live and could barely eat. He lived for a whole year, and he insisted on chiseling the Longmen stone for a year. One morning, he said to Uncle Wang, "I'm leaving today. I eat your food and live in your room, and I will never forget your kindness. I have nothing to repay, so I leave this stone to you! " Uncle Wang looked at the Longmen stone of white marble and said to the old man, "Don't say you don't repay. You have been working hard for this stone for a year, so you'd better take it with you! It's no use asking. " The old man said, "I'm really going to the critical point, and I can't buy one hundred and twenty pieces of silver!" " Say that finish, pick up the toolbox and walk south along the avenue.

The construction of the 17 span bridge in the Summer Palace is almost completed. I heard that Emperor Qianlong was coming to "Helongmen"! Unexpectedly, the last stone in the middle of the top of the bridge could not be cut in or put down. This is anxious for the engineering director! At this time, someone remembered the old man who sold Longmen Stone, reminded the director and sent people from all directions to find him.

The engineering director found that the old stonemason had lived in Liulangzhuang, so he personally came to Uncle Wang's house. As soon as he saw the Longmen stone under the window, he squatted down and measured it. As a result, the length and thickness are exactly the same, which seems to be specially designed for bridge repair. From ear to ear, the director said to Uncle Wang, "This was carved by the God who came down from heaven to repair the bridge, so as not to worry me!" Open your mouth and pay as much as I want. "Uncle Wang said," don't give me more. The old stonemason has been living and eating in my house for a year, so give me a year's meal! " "The director heard that one hundred and twenty pieces of silver were left and the Longmen stone was taken away.

This Longmen stone was built on a 17-hole bridge, without bias or inclination. It's a perfect match! Longmen is closed!

Masons and masons all breathed a sigh of relief: the stone bridge was finally built! Otherwise, the emperor will blame us. What can we do? Just as everyone was happy, an old stonemason suddenly woke up and said to everyone, "You masters should understand now: this is Master Lu's lower bound, and he is here to help us repair the bridge!"

Since then, the story of Lu Ban Ye helping to build the 17-hole bridge has spread.

Data flow information

Bus: There are several bus stops outside the East Palace Gate, the North Palace Gate and the newly-built Palace Gate. People can easily go where you want to go by bus. Except for the last bus of No.332 and No.375, all other buses stop at around 8 pm ... It should be noted that passengers must be clear that the Summer Palace in Beijing covers a large area with many entrances to the palace gates and parks. From the entrance to the park where tickets can be purchased, there are: the main entrance of the Summer Palace (East Palace Gate), the newly-built Palace Gate, the South Ruyi Gate, the North Palace Gate and the North Ruyi Gate, and the newly-opened Garden Gate opposite the Central Party School. Usually, foreign tourists and local tourists who don't come often will enter the park from the three entrances: the East Palace Gate, the North Palace Gate and the Newly Built Palace Gate. However, the newly-built Palace Gate and the East Palace Gate of the Summer Palace are nearly two kilometers (there is no bus), and the East Palace Gate and the North Palace Gate are nearly two kilometers. If you don't make it clear in advance whether to take the bus or take a taxi, it may cause unhappiness for both sides. To this end, the main attractions of the Summer Palace and the positions of the three main doors are attached to a picture. Please refer to our suggested tour route first, and then choose the entrance of the garden. In addition, the following buses can transfer to the subway: No.808, Yuntong 106, No.717, No.817, No.374, newly-built Gongmen Special Line, No.375, No.904 and No.375. ..

Self-driving: The Summer Palace is about 5 kilometers west of Tsinghua and Peking University, which is convenient for driving.

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