What is the style of Liu Yong's poetry?

The style of Liu Yong’s lyrics can be divided into the following four levels:

1. Fresh and powerful, elegant and graceful writing

Liu Yong’s talent is brilliant , handsome and charming, unrestrained and romantic, with a kind of elegant temperament unique to scholars. This temperament is shown in the words, which is "fresh, powerful and beautiful, literary and elegant". The so-called fresh, powerful and beautiful, literary grace and grace means to write about the strange and beautiful feelings and make the sound of swaying with the spirit of Shen Xiong and Qing Jin. Like his song "Looking at the Bright Moon":

The bright moon, the bright moon, the bright moon. The struggle for success is still lacking. Just like young bridegrooms, they meet for a while and then part ways.

It was last year at the threshold of the small building. Thousands of miles of clear light remains the same, the night is eternal, and the people are tired of it.

Although it is about the ups and downs of the past and present, the writing is graceful and refreshing, showing a gloomy heart in the clear moonlight, making it even more fascinating.

2. Easy to understand, with various elegances and vulgarities

Liu Yong’s words are mostly white descriptions and popular sentences, so ordinary people in the city are happy to sing about them. ” said: “Wherever there is a place to drink from a well, one can sing willow lyrics.” ’ refers to the popularity of Liu Yong’s poems and the phenomenon that they are loved by the public. But Liu Yong does not only express popular expressions. In his words, many traces of enlightenment of ancient sentences can still be found. For example, in "Ba Sheng Ganzhou", the line "After a few mistakes, I know the sky and return to the boat" is derived from Xie Tiao's line "I know the sky and return to the boat, and the river trees can be identified in the clouds", and this is also Liu Yong's poem. The reason why it can be loved by literati and refined people and appreciated by both refined and popular people. However, because Liu Yong's popular lyrics cannot express the theme of male love and female love, this is also the reason why he has been criticized. For example, Zhang Yan said that he was "driven by the wind and the moon", and Feng Xu's Sixty-One Poems said that he was "a haiku style, with many of his poems being eccentric, and some of them regarded vulgarity as a disease, as the summary says." '

3. Depicting charming and affectionate emotions

In order to adapt to the theme of urban life and song stages and dance pavilions, Liu Yong indulged his wandering life, the melancholy and decadence during the trip. The pleasures and pleasures are boldly and nakedly written into the lyrics. This breaks through the conservative and restrained style of poetry since the Five Dynasties and creates a charming and lyrical style. In the summary of Siku, he once said: "The Gai Ci is originally the sound of the orchestra, but Liu's charming and approachable words make it easy for people to enter. Although they are quite sick of being vulgar, there will be no end to the good ones!" ’ It can be seen that he is a charming and affectionate person. In addition, he gave a very detailed description of the mood of the geishas, ??so that people can not only imagine the lifelike appearance of the geishas in the words, but also fully understand their depressed mood. This is even more different from the early development of the words. That subtle and euphemistic description style.

4. Twist and euphemism, full of muddled atmosphere

When we examine Liu Yong’s words, we will find that most of his words seem to be tortuous and euphemistic, but if you read them carefully, you will find that You will find that it contains a kind of vigorous and majestic spirit, which is the "hundred spirit", and such twists and turns contain the expression of humility, especially in the lyrics of Ji Traveling. Yu Lun of Song Dynasty's Xiangfeng Yuefu said: "Liu's poems are tortuous and euphemistic, but have a muddled atmosphere. Although there are slang words, they are high enough to be crowned by the crowd, and they rely on the sound of the family to congratulate them as corpses." ’ Like his famous work "Rain in the Forest":

The cicadas are mournful, it is late in the pavilion, the showers have begun to stop, the tents of the capital are drinking without trace, and the orchid boat is urging the departure of the place of nostalgia. Holding hands and looking into tearful eyes, they were speechless and swallowed. The thought goes away, thousands of miles of smoke waves, the dusk is heavy and the sky is vast.

Sentiment has been hurt by separation since ancient times, and it is even more embarrassing to neglect the Qingqiu Festival. Where does Jinxiao wake up? On the bank of willows, the dawn wind wanes and the moon falls. Over the years, it should be a good time, and the good scenery is just in vain. Even if there are thousands of customs, who can tell me.

There is a dense and dense feeling in the euphemism, which not only strengthens the description of the euphemistic mood, but also shows another kind of humility.

Among Liu Yong’s styles, some are changes in line with the changes in his life, and some are expressions of his personal character, but in any case, they are still literary expressions condensed by him. . In lyrics, there are usually several styles coexisting. If you can explore carefully, you will find that the seemingly contradictory presentation is actually Liu Yong's unique success. After analyzing the style of Liu Yong's lyrics, the next step is to look at his artistic characteristics.

Liu Yong’s lyrics are quite unique, not only due to the influence of his family background, but also his personal talents and acquired influence. In terms of the artistic characteristics of his works, we can simply classify them into the following six categories:

1. Good at narration

Writing slow words to narrate is Liu Yong's best technique. We know that the long tone of slow Ci is to use the way of arrangement to slowly unfold the intense eruption of emotion. Therefore, being good at narrative has become a major feature of Liu Yong's Ci. And when we look at Liu Yong's works, they use them to express emotions and feelings, and to describe the scenery, which is as natural as a painting. Zhou Ji Jie Cun Zhai's essays on poetry once said: "Qi Qing has been living in the world for a long time, but his narrative is euphemistic, his words are close and his meaning is far, and his elegance and leisurely interest are in his bones." ’ For example, the song “Eight Sounds of Ganzhou” just mentioned, in the layers of narrative, from description of scenery to lyricism, from subtle to grand, is a manifestation of being good at narrative.

2. Shangbaixiao

Shangbaixiao includes two parts, one is straightforward and the other is folk slang. The so-called direct speech means that there are no implicit or obscure sentences in the words, but it can be expressed clearly and completely. In Liu Xizai's summary of his art, he once said: "Qi Qing's Ci is dense and appropriate, clear and homely, good at building momentum, and better than his predecessors." ’ This ‘clear and common sense’ is exactly the expression of speaking out without hiding anything.

In addition, the so-called folk slang means that he does not avoid common words and white words, and can use slang into words. It is precisely because his words can be understood by people after listening to them, they are catchy, and they reflect the whole life of ordinary people in the market, so his words The work became very popular.

3. Originality of the word collar

The word collar is Liu Yong’s most unique idea! The so-called "leading character" is located at the beginning of a sentence and is used to lead the sentence. This leading character is different from the virtual character of 'Zhihuzheye'. It includes a variety of speech categories, and most of them have oblique tones, especially falling tones. In terms of the number of characters, it can be a single character, a double character, or a triple character; in terms of effect, in addition to Lifting the whole word makes the whole word more sensational in publicity, and he can also repeatedly strengthen it in the same series of words and sentences to bring the emotion of the word to a climax. More importantly, he can directly narrate the word and make the word more sensational. There are vivid expressions in the phonology and rhyme. Zhou Ji's selection of poems from the four poets of the Song Dynasty says: "Liu's poems are always good at plain narration, either beginning, ending, or changing rhyme, and using one or two words to outline and mention, which is extremely powerful." ’ The phrase “one or two words to outline and mention” refers to the function of “leading words”. We can see this song "Eight Sounds of Ganzhou":

The Xiaoxiao dusk rain sprinkles on the river sky to cleanse the autumn. The wind is getting cold and frosty, the Guanhe River is desolate, and the remaining light shines on the building. The red and green are diminishing, and everything is slowly disappearing. Only the water of the Yangtze River flows eastward without words.

I can’t bear to climb high and look far away, looking at the dimness of my hometown, and it’s hard to let go of my thoughts. Sighing at the traces of the past years, why is there so much suffering left behind? Thinking of a beautiful woman, I look up at the building. I miss it a few times, and I know that I have returned to the boat in the sky. Trying to understand me, I am leaning against the wall, feeling depressed and worried.

The first sentence uses "Xiaoxiao dusk rain sprinkles the river sky", which actually points out an image or situation! And this word "right" makes people feel that it comes out of the blue. But in fact, he used the word "pair" to bring out the effect of facing the Xiaoxiao autumn scenery, as if he were the protagonist facing the scenery, as a strong foil; if he only described the scenery, it would only be a flat narrative, because there is a person who is so lifelike. Only by being in it can people fully understand the desolation of it as the "protagonist", and this is the effect of the word "leading". In this poem, in addition to the word "dui" in "to the Xiaoxiao dusk rain sprinkled on the river sky", there are many places where the word "dui" is used to achieve the effect of leading the word, such as: "gradually" in "the frost and wind are getting sad", "can't bear to climb high". The "cannot bear" of being far away, the "miao" of "looking at the dimness of my hometown", the "wanting" of "missing a beautiful woman", etc.

4. Sequence structure

The so-called sequence structure is to have a beginning and an end, narrate layer by layer, and express separate images one by one, using the technique of montage 'slow-motion photography' , connect all the images together to outline a situation, so when we look at Liu Yong's words, we will feel that the entire situation is fully expressed in the layers of images. In Wang Zhuo's Biji Manzhi: "Narrative leisure has a beginning and an end." ’ Just to mention this characteristic of him. For example, this song "Rain Lin Lin":

The cicadas are mournful, it is late in the pavilion, the showers have begun to stop, the tents of the capital are drinking without a trace, the place where I am nostalgic, the orchid boat is driving. Holding hands and looking into tearful eyes, they were speechless and swallowed. The thought goes away, thousands of miles of smoke waves, the dusk is heavy and the sky is vast.

Sentiment has been hurt by separation since ancient times, and it is even more embarrassing to neglect the Qingqiu Festival. Where does Jinxiao wake up? On the bank of willows, the dawn wind wanes and the moon falls. Over the years, it should be a good time, and the good scenery is just in vain. Even if there are thousands of customs, who can tell me.

The first three sentences just belong to different images. One describes cicadas, one writes long pavilions, and one writes showers. But in the narrative that connects the beginning and the end, and adds bit by bit expansion, the desolate situation of autumn is outlined. This is Liu Yong’s characteristic!

5. The harmonious and harmonious rhythm of music

Liu Yong has a musical genius and is proficient in music, so his harmonious and harmonious music in his lyrics is beyond the reach of other lyricists. Liu Ci not only created many Ci poems, but his syntax and level are also very different from others. Without Liu Yong's musical talent, how could he be as good as this? And this kind of performance also shows that unlike other lyricists, he dares to choose folk songs and has an open spirit. Although we are unable to appreciate the musical beauty of Liu Yong's lyrics today, critics in the past have praised it, such as Wang Zhuo's Biji Manzhi: "Liu Qiqing's collection of music has been praised by many in the world." ....Some good words come out from time to time, and you can choose those with harmonious sounds and rhythms to use. ’. Explanation of the title of Chen Zhen and Sun Zhizhai’s book: ‘Liu Ci’s style is not high, but the rhythm is harmonious, the semantics is appropriate, the atmosphere is peaceful, and the descriptive music is exhausted. It is especially good at traveling and traveling. '

6. Autumn scholars are susceptible

The development of early Chinese poetry was still at the stage of "spring girls are kind-hearted". It was not until Liu Yong that the frustration and sorrow of talented scholars and lofty ideals were Combined with the feelings of lovesickness and separation, combined with the desolate and withered situation of autumn, the word context of "Autumn people are susceptible" is extracted, and this blend of "Autumn people are susceptible" is exactly what the predecessors called Where "the height of the Tang Dynasty is not reduced", the height of the Tang Dynasty is where the scenes blend. Peng Sun's Jinsu Ci said: "Liu Qi also has his own wonderful world of the Tang Dynasty." ’ This ‘wonderful realm of the Tang Dynasty’ is the ‘high place of the Tang Dynasty’, which is the blending of scenes. In Liu Yong's poems, most of the features that express the blending of scenes are in his travels and battles. During his travels, there were many opportunities to climb mountains, face water, and look far into the distance. He incorporated this magnificent and open atmosphere into his words, allowing us to see the situational expression of special scenery and moods, which is precisely This is where Liu Yong succeeded.

7. Make good use of overlapping words

The so-called overlapping words are compound words with the same font and combination. Because they are the continuation of monosyllables, they are The length of the sound is shorter than that of a compound word composed of two different characters. Its rhythm will make people feel fast, thus increasing the beauty of the rhythm of the diction, allowing the reader or listener to understand the author's feelings. Achieve the purpose of touching the heart of the reader or listener. There are many overlapping words used in Liu Yong's poems. His shortcoming is that he uses the same syntax to express the same meaning, which makes people feel that the vocabulary lacks variety and greatly reduces its color. This should be paid special attention to!

Here, Yaoguang analyzed the content categories of Liu Yong's poetry, analyzed and summarized the comments on the style and artistic characteristics of Liu Yong's poetry throughout the ages, and made him into a well-organized structure. Although the introduction cannot be said to be original, it should be able to inspire future generations by sorting out the evaluations of Liu Yong's words by literati.

Finally, let’s talk about Liu Yong’s achievements in history. Liu Yong is a professional poet, and his lifelong focus on writing lyrics based on sound is his lifelong focus. Although Liu Yong has a low status in officialdom, he is an outstanding figure in the development of the history of poetry. He inadvertently pushed, This has pushed the development of Ci a big step forward. His achievements are divided into several points below:

1. 'Anyone who has a well to drink from can sing Liu Ci'

< p>Liu Yong's words are easy to understand and popular, which resulted in the popularity of the words and the love of the common people, which attracted the attention of literati. With the attention of literati, the words gradually changed from vulgar to elegant. The promotion and popularity of Ci is imperative, and Liu Yong plays an indispensable role in promoting the popularity of Ci!

2. Create a large number of long-tune slow Ci poems of a new style

Before Liu Yong, no one focused on the creation of long-tune lyrics. Composing slow Ci with all your heart and soul has not only attracted the attention of many poets, but also the creation of slow Ci has become popular. Slow Ci expands the capacity of Ci and is rich in expressive power. It can express complex content that is difficult for Xiao Ling to express with twists and turns. This is why it is generally accepted by everyone and quickly became the mainstream of Ci.

3. Create many new tunes of slow Ci

In many slow Ci, Liu Yong is not satisfied with the old style. When Liu Yong looks at folk music, he does not just accept it blindly. He knows that this type of music and lyrics contains rich inspiration and sources, and it is not just a set of rules to follow! In his "Collection of Movements", he collected more than 120 kinds of tunes, of which only 16 are the same as the existing Dunhuang lyrics and music, and even among the same 16 songs, only three were used. The rhyme pattern of Dunhuang lyrics and music shows Liu Yong's open spirit of following the old, daring to choose folk songs, and innovating the new. And he used his musical talent to create new voices for these slow lyrics, which also further expanded the tune of the lyrics that was originally written for singing!

4. Expanding the realm of Ci

Liu’s poems about male and female love account for the majority, but after all, he also brought many new contents and themes, such as It expresses the prosperity of the city, the magnificence of the mountains and rivers, the sorrow of traveling, the sigh of nostalgia, the description of working life and the rejection of officialdom competition, so that the words present a broader picture and deeper emotions. It is not that these themes have not appeared in previous literary works, but Liu Yong has incorporated a large number of various genres into his lyrics. We can say that Liu Yong did not follow the old trends in the content of his words, but presented them in a diversified and diversified way. This allowed him to make a breakthrough in the realm of his words and make people feel more deeply about the realm of his words. expansion.

In the development of Song poetry, Liu Yong was an important turning point. In addition to opening up the field of slow poetry, he was also a representative writer who combined music and literature and communicated between experts and the public.

Therefore, we should affirm Liu Yong’s contribution to the lyrics. Without Liu Yong, not only would the life of the lyrics be shortened, but the songs that would follow would certainly not become popular!

(From Sina information, if you have any questions, please ask O(∩_∩)O~)