Three Emotional Expressions in Song Ci

1, send a farewell poem to a friend. Generally, it is to remind and praise each other and express a kind of reluctant feelings or thoughts after parting.

As a poet with the deepest feelings, Jiang Yan's Biefu will feel a kind of passion when he is separated from his best friend. Therefore, farewell poems have always been an important theme for China poets. Farewell poems are mainly to express his feelings of parting. There are two ways to investigate his lyric: direct lyric and indirect lyric.

Direct lyricism, such as "Don't move big" written by poets in the Tang Dynasty, has a very high artistic conception:

Thousands of miles away in Huang Yun, the sun is shining, and the north wind is blowing snow. Mochow has no confidant in front of her, and everyone knows you!

The first two sentences of the poem describe a winter in the north with rough style and sketching techniques: at dusk, heavy snow is falling, and only distant geese and cold clouds are seen in the wild north wind, which makes it difficult to restrain the feeling of coldness and wandering at dusk. Talent has reduced people to this point, and tears rarely flow. It is impossible for bosom friends to be happy about it. These two sentences tell the scene and see the inner depression.

Then, with heroic momentum and cheerful mind, the author described his feelings of parting and inspired his friends. In addition to the general sentimental, lingering and sad emotions, the author created a generous elegy style, and with sincere friendship and firm belief, painted another heroic and bodybuilding color for the willow color of Baqiao Bridge and the wind and rain of Weicheng.

There are many forms of indirect lyric.

Showing affection by metaphor, such as Li Bai's four-line poem "Don't be Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou from the Yellow Crane Tower", is magnificent and affectionate;

An old friend stayed in the West Yellow Crane Tower, and fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March.

The last two sentences of this poem seem to depict the scenery, but there is a poetic detail in the scenery. Li Bai has been sending his friends to the boat, and the boat has already left, while he is still watching the distant sails by the river until the sail shadow disappears at the end of the blue sky, which shows the long time of watching. The sail shadow has disappeared, and Li Bai is still staring, only then did he notice that a spring water is flowing to the distant place where the water meets the sky. "Just look at the Yangtze River skyline flow." Isn't Li Bai's longing and affection for his friends reflected in this poetic infatuation? Isn't the poet's heart ebbing and flowing like an eastward river?

Lyrics through wine, such as Wang Wei's ingenious fresh four-line "An Xi of Song and Yuan Dynasties II" (also known as Yangguan Qu, Weicheng Qu and Yangguan Sandie);

Weicheng is rainy and dusty, and the guest house is green and willow. I advise you to drink more wine and go out to Yangguan for no reason.

After explaining the time, place and atmosphere of farewell, this poem gives up all questions about how to hold a farewell banquet, how to raise glasses frequently at the banquet, how to say goodbye earnestly, how to part with you when leaving, and how to look forward to it after boarding the plane. And only propose a toast to the host at the end of the party. The poet, like a clever photographer, took the most expressive shots and scenes. The banquet lasted for a long time and was full of affectionate wine. Courtesy farewell has been said many times, and the time for friends to go on the road finally came. The feeling of farewell between the host and the guest reached its peak at this moment. The toast that the host seems to blurt out is the concentrated expression of the strong and profound farewell feeling at this moment. This arrangement has written a good farewell feeling.

Borrowing things to match feelings, such as Du Mu's frank and touching "Two Farewells" (II);

Affectionate but always ruthless, I can't laugh until I die. The wax torch turns to ashes, and I am willing to say goodbye to others and shed tears until dawn.

Poems 3 and 4 describe other feelings, but the author abandons himself to write the burning candles at the farewell party and expresses his feelings by borrowing things. Poets often look at the world around them with sentimental feelings, so everything in their eyes is sad. In the poet's eyes, the wick of the candle became a "farewell" heart, and the candle was personalized. Its tears flowing all night are sad for the departure of the hero and heroine.

Lyricism by borrowing scenery, such as Liu Changqing, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, hid the gods in vain and wrote a wonderful poem "Send a Car to the Spirit Master" with a pen:

From the temple, in the depths of the bamboo, came the low sound of the evening bell. Holland in the sunset is getting farther and farther away from Qingshan.

Exquisite and picturesque is the obvious feature of this poem. But this painting is not only moved by the scenery and characters on the screen, but also recalled by the self-image of the poet outside the painting. The voice from the temple touched the poet's mind. The beautiful figure of this castle peak alone attracted the poet back. Listening and watching, his mind became fascinated, which is exactly the image of the poet hidden outside the painting. He is affectionate, but not sentimental for parting, but indifferent because of common feelings; He meditated, not for monks, nor for Confucianism, for the same purpose. In other words, the theme of this farewell poem is to entrust and express the poet's feelings of leisure, frustration and indifference, thus forming a leisurely and indifferent artistic conception. This poem is picturesque, and its success is picturesque. The beauty of the scenery is due to the delicate lyricism.

2. Ode to history and cherish ancient poems. Generally, it depends on ancient people or things. For people, or to express their memory, or to admire the ancient sages, they are eager to make contributions like the ancients; Or express their sighs about the ups and downs of the past, or borrow the past to sing the present.

Mr. Yu said that the biggest lyrical theme of China's traditional literature is not love or death, but nostalgia for the past and lamenting the rise and fall. Poetry that sings or comments on historical stories or characters is the theme of expressing feelings and satirizing current events. Poetry remembering the past is the author's association and imagination hanging on the historic site in situ, which triggers emotions and expresses feelings and ambitions. Most of these works are heavy in content and ideas, and the emotional tone is generally heavy.

, make poetry short and pithy, meaningful and memorable, such as Du Fu's Book of Letters and Liu Yuxi's Wu Yixiang.

1, express feelings, sentimental ups and downs

Since it is a nostalgia for history, the reality is not satisfactory, so the poet will be moved by it, express the ups and downs of sadness, express the deep affection of thinking about the ancient times alone, and express the sadness of things being wrong and things being wrong. Especially as the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, Jinling, which was once prosperous for a while, has become a gathering place for ancient poets' feelings. I don't know how many people are nostalgic, and Jinling's nostalgia for the past has almost become a topic of poetry. Such as Wei Zhuang in the Tang Dynasty.

It's raining and the birds of the Six Dynasties are singing.

The first sentence of this poem pays tribute to the monuments of the Six Dynasties, writes about the rainy scenery of Jinling, and exaggerates the atmosphere; Writing about the past of the Six Dynasties is like a dream, and Taicheng has long been ruined; The scenery remains the same, and things have changed. Touching the scenery, giving money by the scenery, hurting the present. The language is implicit and profound, and the artistic conception is infinitely sentimental.

Another example is Liu Yuxi's "Stone City":

The old country is surrounded by mountains and the tide is lonely and empty. Huaishui East in the old moon, the female wall came late at night.

The whole poem describes the scenery. The mountain is still there, the tide is still there and the moonlight is still there. What has changed is "old country", "empty city" and "old moon" The prosperity of the past is gone, and the tone of the poem is bleak. Every sentence is full of the poet's sense of oppression of the old country, which makes people sad.

2, miss history, don't have a deep meaning:

Most of these poems are the author's own real life feelings and unique life experiences while recalling the past and praising history, with a strong personal consciousness.

Or borrow the ancient to satirize the present, there are other sustenance, such as Wang Anshi's nostalgic poem "Guizhixiang" in Jinling:

It's late autumn and early weather in the old country. Thousands of miles into the river, such as training, Qingfeng, such as clusters. Sail to the sunset, the west wind is spreading eastward, and the wine flag is tilted. The pale heron of the float rises to the Milky Way, which is difficult to draw.

Miss the past, bustling and competing, sighing at the top of the building outside the door, sorrowful and resentful. Throughout the ages, people have been full of honor and disgrace. The past of the Six Dynasties flows with the water, cold smoke and green grass. Today, women in business still sing all the time, and the music stays in the backyard.

In the first part, the words "look wrong" are used to express the scenery in "Late Autumn in the Old Country". In the next film, the phrase "nostalgia for the past, prosperity for life" is used to lament that all the Six Dynasties flourished because of famine, and the last three sentences fall to "today", which is a warning to the world and a harm to the times. In fact, it is a historical warning to the rulers of the current dynasty. Don't blindly repeat history for pleasure.

Or rational analysis, express the machine alone, express their unique views on historical facts, and enlighten the world. For example, Du Mu's Red Cliff in Tang Dynasty:

If you don't sell iron, wash it and recognize the past. If Dongfeng doesn't cooperate with Zhou Lang, Tongque will lock Er Qiao in spring.

This poem changes the perspective and satirizes Zhou Yu's success. The first two sentences of the poem are inspired by events and lament the deeds of people in past dynasties. The last two sentences are: Battle of Red Cliffs and Zhou Yu attacked by fire. Without the east wind, Wu Dong would have been destroyed and Er Qiao captured, and history would have been changed. It is not surprising that the poem is extremely ingenious in conception and novel and unique in exposition, which is contrary to the unanimous argument, but it is also reasonable.

3. Feel the life experience and take care of yourself.

Some people pay attention to the changes of personal circumstances and express their feelings through ancient events. When appreciating this kind of poems, we should also grasp the connection point between historical figures or events and the poet's own life experience and find out the similarities between them, so as to understand the profound meaning of the works well.

For example, in Su Shi's "Niannujiao Red Cliff Nostalgia", Zhou Yu made a great achievement of "forcing Lu to vanish" when Xiao Qiao got married for the first time. It can be said that a young man was successful and charming, but when he reached middle age, he achieved nothing, and "having a baby early" was not the same as Zhou Yu at all.