Talk about how to evaluate a photo.

Friends who join photography forums often have to comment on other people's photos or look at other people's comments on their own photos. Through mutual communication, learning from each other, learn from each other's strengths and improve their appreciation level and photography skills. However, what kind of photography is a good work, and what aspects should be evaluated for a photo? Now, based on my experience, talk about my superficial understanding as a way to attract jade. Evaluating the shooting level of a photo mainly depends on its ideological and artistic quality. First, the so-called ideological, that is, the author's thoughts, opinions and emotions should be conveyed to readers through his works. The reflection of photographic works on life is the unity of reproduction and expression. Although on the surface, photography is a copy of the objective feelings of people, things and things, but it shows the author's choice, concentration and generalization of social life, which is the result of the author aesthetic comprehension, so it is inevitably branded with the author's thoughts and feelings. Therefore, any photographic work is thoughtful, reflecting the author's position and starting point, which is the central idea that the author wants to express. The ideological content of the work is the embodiment of the author's thought, although the author's thought will change differently in different periods. As a photographic work of art, it is difficult to summarize what ideas should be expressed in different historical periods. Of course, in the same historical period, ideas that reflect the mainstream of an era, progressive ideas, ideas that represent the masses of an era, and ideas that are conducive to the progress of social civilization are all good ideas, and photographs that reflect such ideas are good works. Second, artistry As far as the basic elements of photographic works are concerned, a good work should have high artistry besides correct ideological content. The artistic expression mainly includes the following points: 1, and the composition is reasonable. What we call photographic composition refers to the arrangement of pictures, the determination of the relationship between various components in a picture, and their organic organization on a picture to form a unified whole; It is the overall modeling structure created by photographers to express their thoughts, including the combination of light and shadow, lines and tones. The so-called rationality of composition means that the form of photographic composition obeys the content of the work and the author's inner feelings, and conforms to the law of formal beauty of composition and the basic principles and laws of composition. It should be noted that in specific photography activities and creations, don't stick to the law of composition and don't be bound by it. We should boldly innovate, try various unconventional composition methods, and constantly enrich and develop composition theory. (1), the picture is concise and the main body is distinct. Choose the simplest background, reduce the content that distracts the subject's attention to the minimum range, and make the interest center of the photo give people the greatest visual appeal, so as to achieve the purpose of highlighting the subject and theme. There are many novice photographers who often do not pay attention to the choice of escort and the necessary treatment of background when shooting. The pictures taken are not concise enough, the background is messy, the escort is distracting and the subject is not prominent. (2) The three-dimensional space layout is reasonable and the picture has a strong sense of hierarchy. A good photo is very reasonable for the layout of the foreground, subject and background of three-dimensional space. They live in harmony, are organically linked, echo each other and complement each other. The relationship among subject, foreground and background is a master-slave relationship, subject is dominant and should be highlighted, while foreground and background are secondary, which is the foil and embellishment of subject. A photo can only have the subject, without foreground and background; It can also be only subject and foreground, or only subject and background, without background and foreground. These can be decided according to the needs of the subject when shooting the composition. (3) The picture is balanced, giving people a beautiful feeling. The balance of photos gives people a sense of satisfaction and enjoyment of beauty. Balanced composition The picture structure is perfect, cleverly arranged and balanced. A good balance is the arrangement of shapes, colors or light and shadow areas, which complement each other and make the picture look beautiful. (4) The theme is properly arranged and the subject is eye-catching. In most cases, the golden section composition method is used to judge whether the subject in the picture is prominent or not. The trichotomy produced by the Golden Section School is a classic composition rule. The trichotomy composition is to put the main body or important scenery on the intersection or straight line of the straight line in the "nine squares". These intersections or straight lines are the best positions for shooting subjects. Generally speaking, it is ideal to put the main body on the intersection or right straight line at the upper right, followed by the intersection or left straight line at the lower right. But it is not static, and it should be decided according to the actual situation when shooting. This composition format conforms to people's visual habits, and the eyes naturally fall on the subject, which has the characteristics of highlighting the subject and balancing the picture. Some of our beginners often arrange the subject in the middle of the picture, which makes the picture look dull. Such compositions are generally unacceptable. In addition, the arrangement of subjects in the picture is too full, the horizon is uneven or in the center of the picture, the edges of subjects are fused and the subjects are closely integrated. These are all composition mistakes that beginners are willing to make. (5) The aspect ratio of photos should be appropriate. The aspect ratio of a photo should obey the needs of composition, and whether a photo should be designed as a horizontal frame or a vertical frame should be decided according to the needs of the main composition. A reasonable cut-out of the photo will look beautiful and people will be very comfortable; Unreasonable screen cutting will appear awkward and unattractive. 2. The exposure is correct. The correct judgment of exposure mainly depends on whether the exposure of the subject is correct. Such as: whether the main highlight is dead white, whether the color overflows, and whether the light and dark details are clear. Under normal circumstances, we can expose the subject we want to show correctly, and we think the exposure of this photo is correct. Especially high-profile photos and low-key photos are another matter. In the photography forum, we can see that some photographers do not have a good grasp of exposure technology, and photos often appear overexposed, underexposed and color overflowed. 3, accurate focus. The so-called accurate focusing should include two aspects: one is accurate focusing, and the other is realistic focusing. When shooting, in most cases, the focus is on the subject or the key part of the subject. For example, the focus of landscape shooting is on the objects that can best express the characteristics of the landscape; The focus of shooting people and animals is the face or eyes of people or animals; The focus of architectural photography is in the middle of the building; The shooting focus of insects is on the head or eyes of insects; The focus of flower shooting is stamens ... judging whether the focus is accurate is to see whether the focus falls on the subject or the key part of the subject, whether the subject or the key part of the subject and even whether the whole picture is clear. 4, the color is true. The color truthfulness mentioned here refers to the relative truthfulness of color. The method of judging whether a photo is true or false is determined by comparing a person's skin color or the colors of other objects. Whether the overall color of the photo is natural, whether there is deviation or not, and whether the chromaticity is full are the main factors to distinguish the true and false colors. Some of our photographers deliberately change the tone of photos to achieve a special effect, which is beyond the scope of our discussion here. 5. Other factors to be considered. For the evaluation of a photo, in addition to the above, we should also consider whether the white balance is accurate, whether the light and shadow effect is good, whether the color collocation is reasonable, whether the color is transparent, whether the noise is obvious, whether the light and shade are moderate, whether the reality is proper, whether the shooting angle is good, whether it is new or creative and so on. 6. Moderate aftertreatment. This mainly depends on whether the cutting of the photo is appropriate, whether the border matches the photo, and whether adding words and watermarks affects the picture effect; Whether the brightness, contrast, sharpness and color saturation are adjusted best; Whether some photos specially processed by image processing software naturally lose their original colors. The subjectivity and objectivity of the evaluation of photographic works determine that there is no completely unified evaluation standard for photographic works. We know that the same work will have different feelings and repercussions among different readers; The same reader, with the change of subjective conditions, will have great differences in feelings and experiences of the same work. Our evaluation of a photo can only be based on the views of most people, because most people represent the aesthetic views of the public on the aesthetic value orientation of photographic works of art, otherwise, under the current diversified standards, it is impossible to evaluate the quality of a photo! Off-topic: The reason for writing this article is the continuation of the article "Opinions on Setting up" Elite "posts in Panasonic Photography Forum" published in the weekly magazine a few days ago. The article "Opinions" puts forward the hard conditions and requirements for setting up elite posts, which is a reference for evaluating the specific content of elite posts. In New Photos, a good photo can be summarized as three points: first, there must be a good theme or theme; Second, all elements of the screen must serve the theme or subject, and cannot distract the attention of the theme or subject; Third, the picture should be concise enough. This is also the theoretical basis of photo evaluation. Our comments on photos are comments on what others have spent time, energy and effort to express. Therefore, we must respect the work of others, and the comments should be sincere and objective, and split into two. Comments should be concise, try to reduce nonsense, especially when there is not much to say, don't write comments in prose to show your literary talent. Concise comments are much better than vague and irrelevant redundant articles. Commentators should not dilute your opinions and suggestions by venting their emotions. Your opinions and suggestions are the crystallization of your labor products and knowledge that help others with your own knowledge and experience. Some of our photographers hope to see other people's (good) comments immediately after uploading photos on the forum, otherwise they will say that the forum is not popular and they don't pay attention to other people's works at all. It is wrong to regard the forum as a place to show your work. As the old saying goes, "Anyone who comes will not refuse", we hope that others will pay more attention to others' works while paying attention to their own. You care about others, and others will care about you. Only in this way can the atmosphere of the forum be harmonious, the forum site be prosperous, and photographers and friends can help each other and improve together. Comments with two photos: First, the topic "Harmony" Comments: Ideological This photo shows the harmonious and beautiful relationship between people and animals through the picture of a family living in harmony with a group of white pigeons. Harmony is the theme advocated by today's society. People and animals should be harmonious, people should be harmonious, and even the whole society and the whole world should be harmonious. The content of the work is related to the theme, and the theme idea is good and distinct. The composition of artistic photos is reasonable, and the subject (figure) is arranged at the golden section point in the upper right corner of the picture, which makes the subject conspicuous, balanced and very eye-catching. The exposure is basically correct. The focus is accurate and true, and the picture is clear. The colors match well. The horizontal frame is suitable. The picture is slightly gloomy and the exposure is slightly insufficient. If the background is blurred better, the subject can stand out more. Second, the topic "Wandering the Lijiang River" Comments: Ideological photos Through a few tourists sitting on bamboo rafts, they leisurely visited the Lijiang River and enjoyed the beautiful scenery of the Lijiang River. It felt very comfortable and comfortable. The beautiful scenery of Lijiang River has brought happiness and happiness to people. However, to maintain this beauty, we must cherish and protect nature and do a good job in environmental protection. This is the theme. Artistic This photo adopts a "three-dimensional" (horizontal) composition, and bamboo rafts, mountains and water account for two-thirds of the picture as the main body, which is well arranged. The three-dimensional space layout is reasonable, and the main body is set off by the red leaf foreground and the distant mountain background, which echo each other and have a strong sense of hierarchy. Arranging bamboo rafts in prime locations highlights people-oriented and "leisure travel". Clear picture, correct exposure, transparent color and good lighting effect. The sky is gray and there is no beauty. It might be better to shoot with a gradient grey mirror.