Excuse me, if you open a digital photo studio, where can you find some information in this field, such as equipment, equipment, photography skills, conventional photo sizes and so on.

Color is a key factor in color photography. Many times, the attraction of a photo is that its color is very moving, especially the scenery photo. Here are some basic points about color:

There are more colors than the eyes can see.

For a real photographer, it is absolutely not enough for a photo to have bright colors, but if you want to take a good photo, color composition is very important.

(The picture on the right is taken by netizen Panggege)

Without light, there is no color.

As we all know, the human eye can only perceive a very narrow part of the spectrum and can only perceive electromagnetic waves of 400 ~ 700 mm. The visible spectrum is preliminarily divided into blue (400~500mm), green (500~600mm) and long-wave red (700 mm).

The equal combination of each color element is called white light (equivalent to sunlight), and white light contains all colors from blue to red. According to the physical characteristics of an object, either all light waves are reflected (appear white) or some color elements are attracted (reflected wavelengths form colors).

The green surface reflects the green light wave of the spectrum, but it also attracts the blue and red light waves in the light. If the ratio of blue and red to green is different, the light will appear different green. For example, in the sun, green peppers will show a natural color, but if they are illuminated with a colored light source, the color will change. If you use orange light, green peppers will look a little black and almost colorless.

The same thing will happen in the evening and at night. Unlike film, when the light is dim, our eyes can't recognize and distinguish various colors. All cats are black at night.

In addition to the popular color synthesis of exposure light (that is, the increase of color temperature value), there are several points that are also very important for describing color characteristics:

colour temperature

Color temperature refers to the physical detection of light energy distribution, and the numerical value represents the "blue" and "red" components in light. The decimal value is "warm", and the artificial light source forms incandescent light bulbs and halogen light bulbs; The maximum value is generated when the sky is blue at noon (sunshine, color temperature value is 5500k). When taking special photos, filters can be added to the lens to compensate for the changing color temperature and achieve the expected color effect.

colour

Special wavelengths can be distinguished very accurately by color temperature values. For example, red (400mm wavelength) is different from orange, and any perceptible color in the spectrum can be mixed with blue, green and red (additional color) in different proportions. A mixture of yellow, magenta and cyan will also be used in the color experiment (that is, the contrast colors of red, green and blue). The theory of applied color art (Goethe's color theory) is formed according to other laws. Corresponding colors (such as red and orange) are closely related, while contrast colors (such as yellow and purple) are far apart. Complementary colors are opposite (blue/yellow), and there are also differences between warm colors (yellow elements) and cool colors (blue elements).

Color and surface

The color effect depends not only on brightness, saturation and illumination, but also on the surface structure of the object. If the surface is shiny and smooth, the color will appear strong and unsaturated, which is due to the strong reflection of the wavelength of light on the surface of the object. So when you shoot flowers on cloudy days, the colors are often saturated.

Comparatively speaking, the rough surface is weak in color rendering, and the performance of color is not so shiny, because the light reflection is weak, which leads to the change of color effect in the eyes.

Color saturation

An important criterion of hue intensity or intensity is color saturation. In comparison, objects with low saturation look brighter and more transparent. Only the following colors can show the overall saturation: red or blue, yellow and green. To illustrate this problem, the term "saturation" can be described by dilution with water. Undiluted watercolor is equivalent to high saturation. After dilution with water, the same hue will produce the effect of colored crayons (low saturation).

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Although brightness and saturation are not the same, these two terms are often confused. Relative to saturation, in black-and-white photography, brightness refers to the intensity of light, just like hue value. By adding white or black, various hue values with different brightness can be obtained.

The overall brightness is not the only factor that leads to the significant difference in color reproduction, and the illumination contrast also has a great influence on color performance, and the color in the shadow is not clear and bright enough. Comparatively speaking, the color surface irradiated by the sun is more saturated and the chromaticity is higher. When the sun is low (such as dusk), the light with high contrast occupies the main position, thus enhancing the brightness of the color. On the other hand, dense fog, misty weather and rain can also produce heavy colors with different brightness, and the lighting contrast is very small.