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What are the technical terms of photography?

To master the technology of photography, you must have a solid basic knowledge of photography. Below I have sorted out the technical terms of photography for your reference!

Photographic terminology

Fractional exposure

Multiple exposure is a technical method of taking two or more independent exposures in photography and then superimposing them to form a single photo. Because the parameters of each exposure are different, the final photo will have a unique visual effect.

Dynamic D- illumination

Dynamic D-Lighting is an imaging optimization function of Nikon digital camera. Dynamic D-Lighting can preserve details in highlights and shadows, and create photos with natural contrast for high-contrast scenes. For example, shooting a scene under strong outdoor light through a door or window, or shooting a subject in the shadow of a sunny day. Generally speaking, if the requirements are higher, the dynamic D light will be turned off, and then RAW shooting will be used, and the effect will be better than automatic shooting.

brackets

Surround exposure is a method of taking multiple photos with the same brightness difference interval based on a certain exposure. It is suitable for situations where complex light sources or cameras are difficult to measure light correctly.

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Most digital SLR cameras are based on the lens of a 35mm camera. Therefore, a camera with the same photosensitive element and 35 mm film size is called a "full-frame camera". Compared with the general APS-C format, the photosensitive element area of a full-frame digital SLR camera is 2.2 1 times, so it can take better photos.

VR(Virtual Reality)

In Nicole damping system, the VR sensor in the VR lens unit will automatically detect the camera shake information. This sensor keeps moving inside the lens to align the optical axis with the camera imaging sensor, thus reducing image blur. The effect of the system is equivalent to increasing the shutter speed by up to 4.5 levels, which helps photographers to achieve clearer shooting when shooting moving scenes and landscapes with insufficient light and hands.

As a Nikon performance test to determine.

Gray gradient filter of GND

The full name of GND filter is gradient neutral density filter, which is also a medium gray gradient filter. Different from ND filter, GND filter's biggest feature is that the filtering effect is gradual, and its function is to make up for the lack of native tolerance of camera photosensitive elements in high-light ratio photography (mainly landscape photography), so that the dark and high-light parts of the image can be reasonably exposed.

Mirrorless camera

A mirrorless camera is a kind of camera without a mirror. Compared with SLR cameras, it retains the advantages of interchangeable lenses, and the mirrorless structure makes the camera smaller. Nikon 1 series interchangeable mirror digital cameras belong to mirrorless cameras.

CRC short-range correction system

Close-range correction system (CRC) is one of Nikon's important focusing innovations, because it can provide good image quality and increase the focus range when photographers shoot at close range. CRC adopts "floating lens" design, and each lens group moves independently to achieve focusing.

ED low dispersion lens

Nikon developed ed (low dispersion) lens earlier, which can greatly reduce the dispersion caused by prism. This low dispersion ED lens provides unique dispersion characteristics, such as calcium fluoride crystallization, which greatly reduces the secondary spectrum. The longer the focal length of ordinary optical lens, the more difficult it is to correct the chromatic aberration caused by chromatic aberration burr. Nikon's' ED' lens can effectively compensate for this chromatic aberration, so a large number of Nico telephoto lenses with ED lens have demonstrated their image restoration performance. Nikon has also developed an enhanced ed lens, which has lower dispersion characteristics and higher performance of eliminating secondary spectrum, and further reduces chromatic aberration and other lens deviations. At present, AF-SNICOLS 80-400 mm f/4.5-5.6 g ED VR and F-S VR 200mm f/2G IF-ED both use enhanced ED lenses.

M/A mode

By turning the focus ring, M/A allows you to switch from auto focus to manual focus with almost no time delay. In this way, the photographer can smoothly switch to accurate manual focusing when observing the viewfinder.

Terminology commonly used in photography

Basic knowledge is very important if you want to shoot good works. Take ten minutes to understand the common terms of photography!

white balance

White balance is a function that can ensure that the subject is the true color. In addition to the automatic white balance function that is judged and adjusted automatically by the camera, digital cameras also provide preset white balance modes such as sunny days and incandescent lamps, and manual white balance modes that are adjusted by the photographer himself.

Dynamic range

Dynamic range is the range from the minimum brightness (the darkest part) to the maximum brightness (the brightest part) representing the "gray scale" of photo shooting information. If the dynamic range is large, even if there is a certain degree of overexposure or underexposure, it can show rich gray scale. On the contrary, if the dynamic range is very small, only a little overexposure or underexposure will make the image information lost. Therefore, we can use this word as a performance term to indicate to what extent we can take photos that avoid death, white and black.

The difference of dynamic range is directly related to the brightness range that photos can show. For example, when shooting objects with strong contrast, if the dynamic range is large, you can take photos with good balance between light and shade and rich gray levels; If the dynamic range is small, photos with strong contrast and monotonous gray level will be taken.

In addition, the dynamic range of digital SLR cameras varies slightly according to different models. So even if the exposure is the same, there will be some differences in the gray information obtained.

resolution ratio

The photos of digital cameras are made up of countless "pixels". The so-called "resolution" is the arrangement setting of these pixels. The higher the resolution, that is, the more pixels the camera has, the clearer the picture will generally be.

speed

Sensitivity is a concept preserved from the film era, which indicates the sensitivity of film to light. In the era of digital cameras, sensitivity indicates the sensitivity of image sensors to light. Sensitivity is expressed by ISO plus a number. The larger the number, the higher the sensitivity, and the more sensitive the image sensor is to light. It should be noted that according to the imaging principle of digital cameras, the higher the sensitivity, the more noise the photos have, and the worse the imaging quality.

Original format

RAW format can store the data shot by digital SLR camera without image processing. This is equivalent to the fact that the film in the film camera is only taken and not developed. RAW data preserves rich image information recorded by photosensitive elements, which can be used for a wider range of image processing in the later stage.

Color saturation

Color saturation actually refers to the purity of color. The higher the purity, the brighter the performance, and the lower the purity, the darker the performance.

Low power photographic lens

Macro lens is a special lens for macro photography, which is mainly used to shoot very fine objects, such as flowers and insects.

Flash index

The flash index is a numerical value indicating the luminous quantity (light intensity) of the flash. The larger this value, the farther the flash can shine. In addition, the reach distance of the flash can be calculated by the values of flash index, F value (aperture) and ISO sensitivity. If "GN" is used to represent the flash index and "f" is used to represent the aperture, the calculation formula is as follows (unit meter): arrival distance =GN÷F×ISO/ 100. In most cases, the flash of digital SLR cameras automatically adjusts the output power, so few people will realize the existence of flash index.