Lens Language and the Form of Scene Shooting

A shot, which can push out the middle scene from the panorama; Close-ups and even close-ups can also be pulled into close-ups; Mid shot; Panorama and even prospect are determined and divided by sight distance. The so-called sight distance refers to the distance between the camera and the subject. In a shot, or a movie sentence, it should include a variety of carefully selected different scenes. So, there are all kinds of scenes.

All kinds of scenes are used in any movie. In short, they can be divided into five categories, namely, vision; Panorama; Mid shot; Close shot; Close-up among them, it is also divided into complete landscapes; Close-up The form of each single shot consists of the following four aspects: (1) scenery and field of vision; Daquanjing; Panorama; Mid shot; Mid-close shot; Close shot; The definition of various scenes is based on the proportion of people in the picture. For example, the foreground and panorama mainly show that people are swallowed up by the surrounding world or the integration of people and nature, while the panorama and the middle scene mainly shoot the whole picture or bust of people, which is close to people's conventional vision in life, and the application process is generally suitable for this balance; Performance in a smooth scene. Close-ups and close-ups refer to shots above a person's chest or shoulders. They focus the audience's attention on the details of images and expressions like magnifying glasses. Close-ups and close-ups play a prominent role in close observation when the director wants to emphasize the instantaneous reaction or passion of the characters and give the audience an emotional impact. A close-up usually refers to a part of a person's face or a special object prop, which is rarely used, but once used, it is unforgettable.

Scenery determines the degree of correlation between people and things in the picture, and the different compositions it produces create different intentions expressed by various shapes. The main reason for the film's charm is the audience's observation mode from far to near, coarse to fine, browsing taste and being clear at a glance through the changes of scenery. (4) Length, the lens time is converted according to the film length, and the camera shoots 24 frames per second 1.5 feet; A 3-foot lens is two seconds, and a 90-foot lens is one minute. Usually the length of a movie is one and a half hours, the total length of the movie is 90 (feet) x90 (minutes) =8 100 feet (2,700 meters), and the number of shots in a feature film is about 300- 1000. If the film has 300 shots, the average length of each shot is 27 feet, 65438+. From this rough calculation result, we can see the significance of lens length-it is the medium for directors to create narrative rhythm of films through time control.

The length of the lens is determined by internal and external factors. Internal factors, that is, the limitation of lens content and spatial form, the strangeness and familiarity of screen content also affect the lens length. External cause refers to the need of narrative rhythm of lens paragraphs and the whole lens sequence, using long lenses and chasing in soothing stories. Violence; Joy; Horrible scenes and thrills; War; Movies such as songs and dances must be dominated by short shots.

There is no uniform standard for the length of lenses. Angle; Sports form; Length, which presents each shot to us in the form of space and time, constitutes a content unit of the film. At the same time, they establish various corresponding relationships with the connected shots and the modeling of the whole movie, and become the most basic elements in the montage structure of the movie. When determining the shape of each lens, we should not do it in isolation and singly, but consider it comprehensively and take the overall shape into account. Grasp the difference and enter the lens and relationship.

When arranging shots, we should consider the specific layout of the shots, which angle is more active or infectious, coherence, expected visual and emotional effects, editing scheme and the use of clipping shots, sense of form and structure of stories and films, how long the width of the picture is, how to change and transform the audience's attention, and how to use subjective or objective shots. How long should a shot occupy in a scene, how to establish or change the relationship between subject and space, etc. Although a single shot has certain significance, it must be connected organically, naturally and smoothly according to the development of the plot to become a complete work, so a whole set of lens connection methods has been formed. Obvious; Hide; Change; Cut; Wait, this refers to the different combinations between lenses.

Show, also known as gradual show; Gradually appear; Fade in, that is, the picture gradually emerges from blank or all black.

Hiding, also known as fading; Fading out is just the opposite of fading out, that is, the picture gradually fades out until it disappears completely.

If fade-in and fade-out are combined, there will be a clear sense of intermittence, telling the audience that this is the end of a complete paragraph and the beginning of another paragraph.

Melting, also called "blanking" or "overlapping", means that the previous picture gradually disappears when the next picture is appearing, and the next picture gradually appears in the previous picture, which is called "melting in". Melt away; Hua is usually used to indicate the time division between some incomplete paragraphs. The use of overlapping can show the changes of someone or something over a long period of time.

Cut, also known as "switching", can be divided into continuous switching and interspersed switching.

Continuous switching, that is, the action displayed in the next picture is a continuation of the action in the previous picture or a part of the content displayed in the previous picture. Many unnecessary performance processes have been "deleted", which is not only clear in context, but also concise and smooth. This is continuous switching.

Interpolation switching is different from continuous switching in that the last shot is not a continuation of an action in the previous picture, nor does it include some parts of the previous picture. However, they have internal related factors and can be connected with each other in the whole chain of story development.

The combination methods of the above-mentioned shots (pictures) are just a few of the various methods of film and television art editing. To sum up, there are two categories: clever combination. If the picture combination is hidden; Obvious; Some optical techniques must be used in editing and splicing, so it is called technical splicing. Switching does not require any optical skills, so it is called non-technical assembly.

In fact, the various assembling methods of video pictures are the concrete application of montage skills in picture conversion and assembling. The reason why film and television speak through pictures has become a narrative art that can tell stories is only because they have a most basic means of composition-montage. Montage is not only the basic feature of film and television as a unique art, but also a kind of "grammatical rhetoric" to realize the basic narrative function of film and television pictures, or the basic means for film and television to become a perfect and independent art.

In the production of the film, it is necessary to decompose the content of the whole film into many different shots, and after the shooting is completed, according to the original creative ideas, these scattered shots should be taken; Different shots carry out artistic editing according to the development of the story; Combination makes it coherent through the complementary relationship between images; Echo; Suspense; Contrast; Prompt; Lenovo; Contrast, as well as the speed of different rhythms, thus forming an organic; Natural and smooth; Movies that can express certain ideological content. When sound and color enter the film as constituent elements, various combination methods and techniques such as picture and sound, picture and color, sound and sound are added. Therefore, montage is a constantly developing and rich art category.