The life of Miroslav Tich 05.

This is one of the most incredible stories. A story about broken and underexposed photos and homemade cameras, a story about a woman's body, and a story about capturing photos with peeping tom's publicly recognized eyes.

Miloslav Tiki once insisted on painting. Later, he made his first camera and perfected the prototype bit by bit. In the context of art, what should people call these photos? We can't explain, understand or even describe this incredible story.

When I was a child, my grandmother often said, "Wash your hands! Otherwise, you will be like Miloslav Tiki! " For my grandmother, Tiki is an example of everything you can't do. Tiki is a bad example for children living in a small town surrounded by vineyards in South Moravia. For adults, he is an alternative and absurd example.

Miroslav Tichy,1926165438+10 was born in a small village called Nesek in Moravia on October 20th. When Tiki was four years old, his father bought a house and opened a tailor's shop in Seto Posca, a small town near Cheyaf. Tiki is an introverted and intelligent child with great talent in language. He began to draw when he was very young. He is especially attracted by horses passing by in the street and always paints them. It is difficult for his family to understand his visual talent and creativity.

In middle school, Tiki became a good friend of my uncle Haribou Casbaum. They are about the same age and have the same interest in art and politics. At this time, Tiki was a handsome but shy young man who did not participate in the crazy social life of typical Moravian high school students. After the war1May 945, Tiki and Harry went to Prague to study. A photo of those days showed that they were walking happily on the boulevard in Prague. The world looks beautiful.

1945 In the summer, Tiki began his first year of study at Prague Academy of Fine Arts, and he was recruited into the class taught by Professor Zeribusch. Five years after the end of the war, universities in Czechoslovakia reopened. Miloslav Tiki also joined the class. Among them, Ulandimir Vonchet, a painter friend from Swatob near Cheyaf, became his partner. From 1948 to 1950, we know nothing about Tiki's military life in eastern Slovakia. He never said it, and he didn't want to recall it.

Miloslav Tiki returned to Cheyaf's home at 1950. Many intellectuals at that time, like him, left the capital Prague and took refuge in Moravia, where the political atmosphere was relatively calm. Tiki found a quiet place to paint in Cheyaf, the provincial capital. He set up a studio in his parents' house.

1954, he rented a space in our attic as a studio. At Cheyaf, he also got in touch with Wulandimir von Chet, who returned to Moravia from Prague on 1948.

Ulandimir Vonchet often visited Tiki's studio and realized Tiki's extraordinary talent. He took Tiki to Burlow and introduced him to the artist circle of Burlow painter Bosimir Mato (from Artists Association). Ulandimir Vonchet, Bosimir Mato, Richard fremont, Idavakakova and Miloslav Tich soon became the so-called "Bolo Five".

Miloslav Tiki's first exhibition was held in Cheyaf Hospital. The exhibition shows the paintings of Burlow Five, namely the works of Wulandimir Vonchet, Boscimir Mato, Richard Fremont, Idavakakova and Miloslav Ticci, as well as some works of Wulandilavvakuka and Kubicek.

Cheyaf has a small cultural circle. Besides Ulandimir Vonchet, Dindeleux and Radcliffe Visco are also important friends of young Tiki. At that time, the theater had an influence on young Tiki. He went to see Burrow's performance and ballet. Amateur performance groups perform programs that are impossible to see in Prague. Tiki painted the stage scenery and made a huge marionette to make the dance more beautiful.

Burlow Group's next exhibition will be held at Schiko Gallery in Prague in February, 1957. This is not a hospital in the provincial capital, but a famous art institution in Beijing.

However, a few days ago,165438+On the morning of June 2nd, Miroslav Tichy went to Boluo to meet Bosimir Mato and withdrew from the competition.

On his way back, he took the wrong train and went to another place in the Czech Republic. He didn't come home until Thursday night, and his mood was very low. Haribou Kesbaum drove his childhood friend to the clinic that night. Since then, Tiki has been in Opova Psychiatric Clinic for more than a year. This is not the first time he has received psychiatric treatment. He has a tendency to have a nervous breakdown since adolescence, and he began to receive treatment from 1946.

When Tiki feels good, he can finish painting an oil painting and a lot of sketches in two or three hours. Contrary to "self-destructive artists" (such as Van Gogh), Tiki paints best when he is completely healthy. During the period of nervous breakdown, Tiki didn't draw or sketch. The clinic doctor asked him to draw, but he often refused. Illness explains his artistic potential. During his nervous breakdown, he lost interest in painting and even destroyed his own painting.

Tiqicai spent nearly 50 years re-exhibiting his works. In the summer of 2004, Harold Ziman exhibited Tiki's first solo exhibition at the Seville Biennale in Spain. Subsequently, in 2005, a large retrospective exhibition was held in Zurich Art Museum. In fact, many of his unknown works have been exhibited all over the world.

Tiki doesn't take part in any exhibitions, even if it is only a few steps away from his home on his 80th birthday. But he was happy to see the reports and books about him. These things are all on his desk, and the poster of the exhibition is hung on the wall. He likes to show them to visitors.

In the 1960s, Tiki began to ignore his appearance. He didn't cut his hair, didn't trim his beard and wore a tattered black suit. If his trousers are torn, he will mend them with string or wire and continue to wear them.

I really like Tiki Studio in my grandma's attic. For us children, this room has irresistible attraction. Fragments of the mysterious world appear through the keyhole: oil paintings, a pile of pictures, huge wooden dolls. Soon, my grandmother's property was confiscated and she became a tenant of her own house. Tiki was ordered to leave the house.

Before that, he had put down his pencil and brush permanently, far away from traditional painting. He started taking pictures with his camera, and Cheyaf's street became his studio. When asked why he started taking pictures, he replied, "The painting has been finished. What should I do? " ? I look for new media, and through photography, I look at things with new eyes. This is a new world. "

Tiki's first camera was a field camera inherited from his father. Most of his photos were taken in the 1970s and 1980s. There are no numbers and dates in the photos. The way they are preserved means that they are washed over and over again like playing cards. Today, we can only judge the date roughly from the clothes style, car style and other objects in the photos.

The materials and borders on the back of the backing paper also reflect the time when Tiki used them. He bought film, photographic paper and chemicals from the drugstore next to the church. In order to save money, he often buys 60 mm film and cuts it into two pieces in the darkroom. He built a darkroom in the backyard.

Doing it yourself is a sign of Tiki's independence. He gave up the convenience of modern society. When black pigment was needed, he grabbed a handful of coal ash from the chimney and mixed it with oil. Frugality, reducing basic goods and self-sufficiency are his personal philosophy all his life. Never taking a bath and never wearing rags are regarded as liberating from social standards different from his goals.

Tiki hid a camera under his sweater, usually an old Soviet camera he bought from a thrift store. He hung the camera around his neck with a rope. Once something attracted him, he reached out, lifted the edge of the sweater with his left hand, opened the lens cover with his right hand, pressed the shutter and didn't even look at the viewfinder. Sometimes he will put the camera on his chest and turn around to aim at the target. The movement is very smooth and fast, almost unnoticed.

Tiki usually goes out at 6 in the morning. I asked him how to plan the shooting and find the target, and he said, I do nothing but cook time. I'm in town. I have to do something. So I pressed the shutter. I use three rolls of film to take 100 photos a day. I don't decide anything. The time I spend on the road determines what I shoot. I'm just an observer. I am a great observer.

Tiki's favorite places to take pictures are the bus stop, the big square next to the church, the park opposite the middle school and the swimming pool next to it. Although forbidden to enter the swimming pool, he can still take photos through the iron fence of the park without interference. Some scenes show that women smile at him, talk to him, pose, joke, or on the contrary, argue with him because he takes pictures without permission. But most people believe there is no film in Tiki's strange machine. He just pretended to take pictures. Tiki keeps her distance from the model most of the time. He takes pictures quickly and imperceptibly, or from a distance.

Shooting people in the park or the balcony of surrounding buildings requires a telephoto lens of 300 to 500 mm Tiki made a set with old glasses and plexiglass; As for the body of the telephoto lens, he used a paper tube or a plastic drainage tube. He often puts a few shots in these pipes glued with glue or asphalt. He also uses children's binoculars.

He made a wooden bracket with a board and put the camera on it. The telescope is connected to the bracket with a tailor's rubber band, keeping a proper distance from the camera lens, so that the image on the film is clear-the whole thing looks like some kind of weapon.

He also made quite complicated cameras in the same way. He assembled the fuselage with cardboard or plywood, sealed the pavement with asphalt and painted it black. Assemble the reel (pulley system connected to the shutter) on an old pair of shorts with two empty spools and rubber bands. The shutter is made of plywood and has a small window on it. The elasticity of the rubber band determines whether the shutter slaps the camera fast or slow, and whether the exposure film is short or long. It is hard to believe that he can take such beautiful impressionist photos with such clumsy tools.

Every time I go to see him, Tiki is always in a dark room. Hundreds of negatives were not developed, and hundreds of negatives were hung on the clothesline. The only window was blocked by black fabric, and a red light bulb was on. On the table, he made a magnifying glass, and next to it was a shallow bowl filled with washing liquid. A large pot is filled with fixing agent. The washbasin is used to develop photos.

He first looks at the film under a magnifying glass, and then cuts out a piece of photographic paper with scissors (or he often tears it off by hand); He put the photo paper under the lamp on the table and took it away when he felt that the exposure was enough. He dipped the exposed photographic paper into the washing liquid in a shallow bowl. After fixing them in the pot, he put them in a pot of water in the yard.

He works with his hands instead of tweezers, so some of his photos have a fingerprint in the corner. When the photos stayed in the water for a long time, he took them out, dried them and put them in a book. Finally, he put the photo in a big box beside the bed so that he could reach it. Every photo is unique. Few negatives have been developed more than once, and those developed many times have great differences in layout and exposure.

I once asked Tiki what criteria he chose to enlarge his photos. He replied, I didn't choose anything. I look under a magnifying glass and see what the world looks like in my eyes, so I print it out.

He continued to process the photos in the box. When he likes a photo, he takes it out of the box, looks at it for a while, and then cuts out a part with scissors. He doesn't care much about right angles, but he cares about the law of composition. Sometimes on the back of the photo, he will mark the color of the backing paper with a pencil, such as "light ochre". He often writes down two or three colors.

Shooting is of great significance to Tiki. He put the photo on the floor he made. In a pile of pieces of paper, he pulled out a color that matched the photo; Then find another piece of cardboard and stick the paper on it. He professionally pasted the same weight of paper on the back, so that the cardboard wouldn't be deformed. Sometimes, the paper he uses is a newspaper with TV programs, or pages, paper bags, pictures, or even a photo he no longer wants. In this way, the back of the photo left interesting information about Tiki as a collector. On the back of his photo is a refuge for interesting historical documents of the past 50 years, from pig manure prescriptions to propaganda garbage.

For about half a century, Tiki only studied the female figure. This is his theme. For photographer Tiki, everyday life in a small town is like a day in a university studio. The poses of the models are the same as when they draw nude pictures-standing, leaning, bending and shooting from the front and back. He studies the back of nudity-the whole body and parts. Legs, in particular, are the object of his tireless research.

People want to know how Tiki's works can endure so many mistakes and shortcomings. Every photo is underexposed or overexposed. Almost all the photos are covered with dust, dirt from cameras and darkrooms, fingerprints and bromide stains, and the edges have been chewed by mice and insects. The way the photo left the darkroom was sad. They may have been thrown into a pile of dust for years.

Because of his rough handling of materials, female characters miraculously show weak expressionism. They express reality as fantasy, a pure appearance, and beauty becomes a dream.

However, Tiki not only has a broken camera, but also has a different way of seeing the world, making even the humble things extremely beautiful. Incomplete poems and inferior lenses have changed the world. Let time pass and paint with light. Accidental, Tiki said, purely accidental.